The first day of Python Learning: Computer Fundamentals

* = Understanding

What is 1.python?

Python is a programming language

2. What is a programming language?

The essence of Language: language is a tool for communicating objects to other objects

Programming languages: Tools for programmers to communicate with computers

3. What is programming?

Programmers write what they want to do with a computer in a file based on the syntax format of a programming language.

The result of programming is a bunch of files, and this heap of files is the program.

4. Why programming?

The computer is like a human slave, the purpose of programming is to enslave the computer, let the computer instead of human to work, so as to liberate manpower.

5. Computer Hardware:

Five major parts:

Controller: The command system of the computer. The controller accesses the memory through the address, takes out the instruction from the memory, after the decoder analysis,

According to the result of the instruction analysis, the corresponding operation control signals are applied to other parts, so that the components are methodically coordinated under the control of the controller.

An operator: A component that implements arithmetic and logic operations.

Memory: A memory component that a computer uses to store all data and programs. Its basic function is to store (write) or fetch (read) the information at the specified address.

Input device: Is the device that enters information into the computer. External memory is also an input device.

Output device: Mainly display, printer and plotter. External memory is also used as an output device.

Controller + operator = CPU

Cpu:x86-64

X86:CPU model (CPU of x86 architecture)

64:64-bit binary number per processing

CPU is backwards compatible, that is, 64-bit CPUs can perform 32-bit programs

Memory:

Memory: Memory Bar

Advantages: Fast access speed

Cons: Loss of power data, small capacity

External memory: Disk

Advantages: No loss of power, permanent storage

Cons: Slow access speed

{for disk, total time to find data = Average seek time (5ms) + Average delay time (7200 rpm ÷60 = 120 rpm/sec, 1/120 rpm ÷2≈4ms)}

*rom: Instructions for storing BIOS

Bios:basic INPUT OUTPUT SYSTEM

*cmos: It is volatile. Maintains the current time and date, and the CMOS can also save the configured parameters.

*6. Storage unit: A bits called 1bit

8bit = 1Bytes is called a byte

1024x768 Bytes = 1KB

1024x768 KB = 1MB

1024x768 MB = 1G

1024x768 G = 1TB

1024x768 TB = 1PB

Decimal

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

123

1* (10^2) + (10^1) + 3 * (10^0) = 123

* Binary:

0 1

111

Binary goto Decimal

1* (2^2) + (2^1) + 3 * (2^0) = 7

Decimal to Binary (in addition to more than 2 methods, write from bottom to top!) ）

The first day of Python Learning: Computer Fundamentals