The afterglow of the Empire--at&t

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Name: U.S. Telegraph and Telephone Company (t)

Established: "Alexander Bell", the father of the telephone, was founded in 1877.

Achievement:

In 1925, the company set up a research and Development Institute-Bell Labs, the largest and most successful privately owned laboratory in history, with research and development funding benefiting from the huge monopoly profits from the telecoms industry, which has produced 3% of its value for Bell Labs research and development.

Bell Labs

1. Invention Telephone

2. Radio telescope

3. Transistors

4. Electronic switch

5.unix Operating system

6.C language

7. Discovery of electronic volatility

8. Invention Information theory

9. Launch of the first communication satellite

10. Laying the first commercial fiber

Major Events:

1. First spin-off event:

antitrust laws require that part of the business be spun off to 7 companies in different regions. This spin-off can be said to be only for the big tree pruning branches and leaves, so that it produces better, more focused on the main business, innovation to drive their own development, rather than monopoly to develop. The spin-off did not weaken the T.

2. Second spin-off event:

The real reason for the decline of the company

Internal:

1. Wall Street and T-t own greed and myopia. Lust, goose that lays, to make a quick buck, to break up a good company and sell it.

2. The company has lost control. The decision is dominated by Wall Street, and the main goal of Wall Street is to make money, not to run the company well, and it is the quickest way to go public.

Split the company into:

• • Engaged in the telecommunications business

  • Lucent, which engages in equipment manufacturing operations

  • NCR, which engages in computer business

External:

At the T: the Internet has been destroying fixed-line communications because the former is free and the latter charged, thus hitting the telecom business

Lucent, which is engaged in equipment manufacturing: selling equipment, lending money to other companies to buy its own equipment, and the collapse of the dotcom bubble in 2000, which turned out to be a huge loss. In addition , the advent of the Internet, traditional voice-switching devices are gradually replaced by digital switching equipment, so Cisco replaced Lucent became the inevitable

Results:

At/T, the company split into three companies at T, Lucent and NCR, and the world-famous Bell Labs at T-T were divided into two, Lucent received half the name of research institutions and Bell Labs, and the other half of the laboratory renamed to Shannon Laboratory. Ten years later, the company was acquired by SBC and Alcatel France, respectively.

Key words:

Fast money, spin-offs

PS: Read summary from Dr. Wu's "Top of the Wave" first edition, the first: the Empire of the Afterglow--at&t

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The afterglow of the Empire--at&t