The future challenge and development trend of 3G equipment

Introduction

This paper discusses the significant progress made in constructing and deploying 2G mobile networks, especially the GSM network, and compares the main power and visible results of the new 3G mobile network. This paper analyzes a series of important elements to create 3G devices and services, and analyzes the current challenges faced by 3G device designers.

3G before the -2G revolution

GSM Background Overview. As the first GSM network was put into service in the early 90, the field of mobile communications also revolutionized. The European Telecommunication Standards Association (ETSI) has been introducing the group Special Mobile (GSM) standardization campaign since 1982, with a view to building a second generation digital mobile communication system covering all of Europe. (Computer science)

Some of the revolutionary advances that GSM brings to millions of users include:

· Provide international roaming services (even if you are travelling, you can still enjoy a smooth telephone service)

· Increased spectrum utilization (with the same spectrum for more voice calls to support more users, resulting in lower call charges)

· Reduce power consumption (long time calls without recharging the battery)

· Provides advanced ISDN based voice telephony (a range of user-tailored services)

· Encrypt a voice call (keep the caller's secret)

· The user is not bound by the phone (even if the phone is changed, all user data can be kept in the SIM card)

Interestingly, since most of the patented data schemes were launched earlier than the GSM network, it is not surprising that users transmit their data wirelessly via a 2G network. In fact, the transmission of data on the GSM network is very unsatisfactory, not enough to be called the innovation technology. But it is worth noting that the 3G network's outstanding is here.

The historical position of GSM-circuit switching network

When the GSM network was first built, the standardization team had a macro-planning that used the world's most advanced digital fixed-line system-Integrated Services Digital Network (Integrated Services Digital Network, ISDN), which was then transformed into a wireless system. To achieve this, they must first implement a series of ISDN standardization tasks, such as setting up a monitoring program for circuit-switched voice (or data) calls, introducing ancillary services designed for high-end phone functions (such as multiparty calls), and through network-based interoperability, Combine circuit switched data call performance into analog modems and X.25 domains.

In the beginning of the 80 's, the application of the Internet has not been a big way. The U.S. military is the first user to use the Internet, followed by academic institutions, but still not popular among commercial or consumer users. Ironically, two major innovations in the field of communications, including second-generation mobile communications and Internet applications, began to become the dominant form of communication in the early 90, when the development process was completely irrelevant. The creation of 3G networks is due to the desire of users to transmit ip-based multimedia and packet services that contain Internet content through higher bandwidth.

It is worth emphasizing that the evolution from 2G to 2.5G network process, for GSM to add a packet based overlapping performance to support ip-based packet services, so that we can through the IP network of simple multimedia services to mobile devices to effectively compensate for the weakness of 2G network. The transition from 2G to 2.5G is no doubt a greater breakthrough than the transition from 2.5G to 3G networks. Since the former means migrating from circuit switching to packet switched networks, a pure 3G network can be viewed as a wider "data channel" (pipe) that provides packet services on existing 2.5G networks. This shows that 3G network is facing a major crisis, that is, 2.5G network once enough to meet the needs of users of data services, then the initial development of the deployment is not significant, and the more expensive 3G scheme should be in what position.

The main factors driving 3G development

After discussing the 2G network, we understand that 2.5G packet service can make up the main disadvantage of 2G network, and then we will analyze the future of 3G network development.

First, let us understand the main factors that promote the development of 3G. In a nutshell, 3G can provide users with high bandwidth, IP packet switching services and rich information content through wireless networks.

Let's look at the definition of 3G from different levels.

High bandwidth. 3G Service theoretically provides data content of 384kbit or 2Mbit per second to each user. When the assumption of the use of downlink playback animation and video telephony is feasible, there is a big controversy over which High-bandwidth service will be available in the industry. 3G network can provide higher bandwidth, this is the unique advantage that 2g/2.5g network incomparable.

IP packet switching. Internet Protocol (IP) can transmit a large number of packet information in an efficient and fast way within the complex network topology. Even if it is difficult to switch to the IPV6 protocol, it is imperative to accommodate a large number of 3G devices with fixed IP addresses. Industry more TCP/IP protocol to add a number of extended performance, improve the efficiency of data exchange. Voice data in the IP domain is just another kind of data, and the ip-based Voice technology just provides effective voice call support.

Rich content. This is one of the key points of the 3G network. The ability to provide users with a wide range of data at low cost is critical to the growth of 3G services. In addition, mobile operators must distinguish between different kinds of data in order to collect fees based on the value of the service content to the user, rather than simply calculating the amount of data sent and received by the user.

On the wireless network. Although the transmission of information over a wireless network often involves very sophisticated technology, mobile device users are not interested in understanding this. From their point of view, mobile phones can only use one or a year's consumption of electronic devices, the use of a simple and straightforward method. As a member of the Engineering Association, our role is to identify and handle technical issues related to high frequency and high-bandwidth wireless transmissions to ensure that users can experience unobstructed services.

The main challenge currently facing 3G Networks is to provide excellent and uninterrupted wireless transmission, allowing the average user to focus on enjoying "consumer services" rather than signal strength, frequency interference, or similar problems.

The technical challenges faced by 3G equipment manufacturers

This section will explore the overall technical issues encountered in building 3G devices that satisfy the user, which is the key to whether or not the user is widely using 3G services.

3G equipment on par with 2.5G equipment

In the short term, the first challenge in introducing 3G equipment is to ensure that 3G devices are of minimal efficiency to the level of existing 2g/2.5g equipment. Users who switch to 3G services tend to use 2G as a starting point, with high expectations for the quality of 3G services, most of which are related to the main innovation features offered by 2G devices, including:

· Popularization of services-breaking down geographical limits allows us to use mobile phones anytime, anywhere.

· Battery life-the ability to repeatedly use the phone over a week without recharging the battery.

· Fuselage volume-phone volume is slim, easy to store in the pocket or handbag, and design fashion.

· Flexible-Although the telephone is consumer electronics, there will be no "machine" situation for personal computers.

· Affordable-Mobile communication is a great convenience for our lifestyle, so we are happy to pay the phone bill.

· Product Price-If the new generation of telephones can provide more functions, we will be happy to buy more expensive products.

· Product Applications-Mobile phones offer a number of functions that are closely related to our careers and our lives. Of course, it may also offer a number of other features that are not useful.

· Use the performance -3g phone should be the same as the 2G phone, and provide more interesting/practical/new features.

All of the above are major challenges that 3G device designers face in the short term. This is due to the early launch of the 3G devices, regardless of overall performance and maturity level can not match the 2G device. In addition, 3G products and services, including a range of multimedia services (such as WAP, MMS and Java) must be mature to step through the complex interoperability performance test (inter-operability testing, IOT), fully meet the needs of users.

We must understand that 3G equipment is still in the initial stage of development, or need to go through 15 years, to enable users from the 1982 implementation of the GSM standard concept, the transition to the development of mature 3G equipment and services. We still have a lot of work to do!

3G equipment must surpass 2.5G equipment

In addition to being in line with 2G devices, 3G devices and related 3G services must have a better advantage than 2G, and the main source will be a very attractive 3G service. 2.5G devices can now support cameras, high-resolution color screens and multiple stereos. Of course, some 3G services may also provide additional three-dimensional images, stereo or higher quality acoustics, and mobile services designed for "pocket devices" (mobile commerce), as well as more advanced input interface Devices (advanced speech recognition, mini joystick and trackpad, etc.). However, 2.5G devices can also increase these capabilities, so whether or not 3G devices are respected depends on the ability to create and provide services that attract users. In addition, 3G equipment can support the use of simple 3G services, in addition to product prices, but also a user to adopt 3G service important factors.

Design 3G equipment with existing technology

Chip combination. Most of the current 3G devices are integrated by a "velcro-ed" 3G solution and an existing 2g/2.5g scheme. To support both scenarios, these devices may require a decentralized RF and baseband chipset, a multimedia coprocessor, and a large amount of flash and SRAM memory. For parts suppliers and mobile phone designers, this approach can speed up the market, but at the same cost. Compared with other schemes, this design is less integrated, larger footprint, more expensive, and consumes more power. This design, coupled with the need for more parts, will also lead to a significant increase in the cost of manufacturing, maintenance and service. In addition, the early launch of 3G equipment may not be able to successfully coordinate the transition between 2G and 3G programs. Therefore we must break through this barrier, can satisfy the user to the smooth transition demand.