The IPv6 of network protocol

1. Address classification

The main things that are more important are the following:

Local link address: Used to communicate with each other between links

Local site Address: Used to communicate with each other within the subnet, similar to private addresses in IPv4

Global unicast Address: Similar to the public address in IPv4

Multicast address

2. Address acquisition

There are two main ways: no State;

Stateless, through routing advertisement (RA), get network prefix (prefix), combined with native MAC address to compose 128bit IPv6 address

stateful, assigning IP via DHCPv6 server

Stateless mode can be used alone, but this way can only get IP, other network parameters, such as DNS can not be obtained in this way

Stateful mode can acquire both IP and DNS data, but it must be used with stateless methods for the following reasons:

The M and O bits in the routing advertisement are used to notify the client IP and where the DNS gets

M:managed Address Configuration This bit if it is 1, the representative to ask the computer to go with DHCPv6 to IPv6 Prefix

O:other configuration This bit if it is 1, the representative asked the computer to go with the DHCPV6 to DNS and so on information.

The stateful DHCPv6 and stateless DHCPv6 that we often hear are different from the combination of M bit and o bit.

M=1,o=0 or 1: All information (including prefix, DNS, etc.) is requested by the computer using DHCPV6. (Stateful DHCPv6)

M=0,o=1: Use RA inside the prefix, but DNS and so on information please computer use DHCPV6 obtained. (Stateless DHCPv6)

M=0,o=0: The computer will only get prefix, unable to obtain information such as DNS

Is the crawl of a routing advertisement package, red box up is the M-bit and O-bit

3. Address resolution

The Arp,ipv6 corresponding to IPv4 uses NS (Neighbor solicitation) and Na (Neighbor advertisement) to complete the mapping of the IPv6 address to the MAC address.

The two graphs are NS and NA packet capture data, NS in the red box of the target address, is to query the addresses, when the peer response Na, will be in the Link-layer address to fill their MAC address, when the host sent NS received Na, You can complete the mapping of MAC address to IPv6 address

Ns

NA

4. Some of the more important ICMPv6 data

RS (Router solicitation)
RA (Router advertisement): For stateless address assignment
NS (Neighbor solicitation)
NA (Neighbor Advertisement): For address resolution
Redirect: Used for route redirection

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The IPv6 of network protocol