The special-xenserver of the Three Musketeers in virtualization (i)

Architecture Chapter

Before we introduced the server virtualization Three Musketeers in VMware and Hyper-V, today we proceed with the rest of the content of Citrix's XenServer.

The XenServer uses an open source Xen hypervisor that deploys a very broad and powerful system. Xen is an open industry standard virtualization technology that is the "engine" for many companies ' commercial virtualization products, including Citrix, Symantec, Oracle, Red Hat, Novell, Sun, Stratus, Marathon, Egenera, FusionSphere, Neocleus and Phoenix Technology. In addition, the world's largest public cloud service provider, Amazon Elastic Cloud, has adopted Xen hypervisor. These cases have fully validated the scalability and robustness of the underlying Xen technology.

XenServer provides a complete virtual infrastructure solution that includes systems management programs with live migration capabilities, a full-featured management console, and the tools needed to migrate applications, desktops, and servers from physical to virtual environments. With more advanced management, availability, integration, or automation capabilities, it provides comprehensive data center automation, advanced integration and management, and key performance features.

XenServer Architecture

Similar to Hyper-V introduction, we start with the XenServer architecture, respectively, on the diagram in the XenServer architecture of the different components are described:

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• Control domain (or Domain0) is a higher priority Linux virtual machine than the guest operating system, control domain manages network and storage I/O for all guest VMs, and because it uses a Linux device driver, So we can support a wide range of physical equipment. Its architecture is very similar to Hyper-V.

• The Xen hypervisor (Hypervisor) is a thin layer of software that runs on hardware. Xen allows each physical server to run one or more "virtual servers" of the abstraction layer, effectively separating the OS and its applications from the underlying hardware.

• Hardware layer contains physical server components (including memory, CPU, and disk drives)

• Linux virtual machine: It includes a semi-virtualized kernel and drivers (the Guest OS needs to be modified accordingly). Access storage and network resources through control domain, accessing the CPU and memory through the Xen control interface on the hardware.

• Windows virtual machines: they use a para-virtualized driver to access storage and network resources through control domain. Xen has been designed to take full advantage of the Intel VT and AMD-V processor virtualization capabilities. Hardware virtualization enables high-performance virtualization of the Windows kernel without the use of traditional simulation techniques.

The management structure of XenServer

Like Hyper-V System Center and VMware's vcenter management tools, XenServer also provides xencenter management tools.

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Enterprise Edition XenServer4.0 and later introduced the concept of resource pool. Users can manage multiple virtualized servers as a single entity through a resource pool. Achieve centralized management without the need to log in to all XenServer. All servers share a common network and storage framework.

The resource pool uses a master/slave high-availability server to manage the model, and all pool configuration information is synchronized to all subordinate servers. Ensure business continuity in the event of a primary server failure without causing any fatal failures.

XenCenter can connect to manage multiple servers and resource pools; XenCenter client connects XenServer servers as a graphical management console to manage virtual machines and resources.

Storage architecture for XenServer

Supports shared storage such as IDE, SATA, SCSI, and SAS local storage and iSCSI, Fibre Channel, and NFS due to its open storage management interface.

XenServer provides Storagelink technology that integrates with storage such as NetApp, Dell/equallogic, and IBM to provide direct access to external storage (San/nas) APIs to take advantage of a wide range of advanced storage services that are optimized Includes techniques such as fast cloning, LUN 0, thin allocation, snapshot and copy removal, and more.

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XenServer's Network architecture

The XenServer network can connect to an external physical network interface, or to a single server, or to all virtualized networks in the pool. After you install XenServer on a physical server, a network is created for each physical network card on that server.

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Virtual network card (NIC):

Each virtual machine can be configured with one or more virtual network cards, each with its own IP and MAC address. A virtual machine looks like an independent physical system on a network.

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Virtual Switch:

The XenServer6.0 is followed by an open vswitch virtual switch that complies with the Apache license. At present, the use of open Vswitch virtualization platform also has KVM, Vritualbox, OpenStack, OPENQRM, Opennebula and so on.

The virtual network card can be connected to a virtual switch that implements network isolation. Each virtual switch can be connected to a physical network through a physical NIC, or it can be configured as a full virtual network, providing a speed comparable to memory for private virtual machine-to-virtual-machine traffic.

VLAN support:

Virtual machines can be bound to separate VLANs to isolate traffic between virtual machines from other physical servers, reduce network load, improve security, and simplify reconfiguration.

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Distributed switches:

With distributed switches, users can unify the creation and management of a multi-tenancy, isolated and flexible network, and provide a secure and state-based migration environment for virtual machines. Distributed Virtual Switch holding acl,netflow, network status monitoring and other functions.

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The special-xenserver of the Three Musketeers in virtualization (i)