Transverse Mercator (transverse Mercator) projection

Transverse Mercator (transverse Mercator) projection description

This projection, also known as the Gaussian-gram gauss–krüger projection, is similar to the Mercator projection, except that the cylinders are arranged vertically along the meridians rather than the equator. The isometric projections generated by this method do not maintain the true orientation. The central meridian is located in the center of the area of interest. This center alignment method minimizes the distortion of all properties in the region. This projection is best suited for areas with a north-south distribution.

Learn more about the Gaussian-gram gauss–krüger projection Learn more about the Mercator projection

The United States national plane coordinate system uses this projection for all North-South distribution areas. The UTM and Gaussian-gram gauss–krüger coordinate systems are based on the transverse Mercator projection.

Learn more about the U.S. national plane coordinate system

Projection method

The central meridian is a cylindrical projection placed within a specific area.

Contact Line

Any single meridian used to cut the projection. For cut projections, the distance between the two almost parallel lines to the central meridian is equal. For UTM, the two approximate parallels are approximately 180-kilometer from the central meridian.

Linear graticule

The equator and the central meridian.

Property shape

Equiangular. The small shape remains the same. The larger shape becomes more and more deformed as the distance from the central meridian is increased.

Area

The degree of deformation increases with the distance from the central meridian.

Direction

The local corners are accurate in any position.

Distance

The proportion along the central meridian (if the scale factor is 1.0) is accurate. If it is less than 1.0, there will be two straight lines with a precise scale, and equal distances on both sides of the central meridian.

Limitations

Data other than 90° from the central Meridian cannot be projected onto an ellipsoid or ellipsoid. In fact, the range on the ellipsoid or ellipsoid should be limited to a range of 12° to 15° on either side of the central meridian. If this range is exceeded, the data projected onto the transverse Mercator projection may not be projected back to the same position. The data on the sphere does not have these restrictions.

A new implementation called "Complex transverse Mercator (Transverse_mercator_complex)" has been added to the projection engine to find it in ArcGIS. It allows accurate projection of the largest 80° from the central meridian between the transverse Mercator. Because the algorithms involved are more complex, they can have a certain impact on performance.

Uses and applications

The U.S. National plane coordinate system uses this projection for areas that are predominantly north-south.

USGS 7-½ Quadrilateral split. Most of the new USGS maps 1957 years later use this projection, which replaces the multi-conic projection.

North America (USGS, Central Meridian Scale factor is 0.926).

Topographic map of the British Ordnance Survey Office 1920 years later.

UTM and Gaussian-gram gauss–krüger coordinate systems. The world is divided into 60 bands, each with a north-south span of six degrees. Each band has a scale factor of 0.9996 and an east offset of 500,000 meters. The northern region of the equator is offset by 10,000,000 meters, ensuring that all Y values are positive. With 1 people at 177°w.

The Gaussian-gram gauss–krüger coordinate system is similar to the UTM coordinate system. Europe is divided into a plurality of six degrees wide band, with 1 of the central Meridian longitude 3 °. These parameters are the same as UTM, except for the scale factor, which equals 1.000 instead of 0.9996. Some locations also add a number multiplied by 1 million and an east offset of 500,000. The east offset of the Gaussian-gram Gauss–krüger 5th band can be 500,000 or 5,500,000 meters.

Parametric desktop

• East Offset
• North Offset
• Central Meridian
• Scale factor
• Starting latitude

Workstation

• Proportional factor of the central Meridian
• Longitude of the central meridian
• Starting latitude
• East offset (m)
• North offset (m)

Transverse Mercator (transverse Mercator) projection