Use of SED commands

Use of SED commands

-N: Option does not print all lines of the file

[[email protected] ~]# sed  ' 1 ' p 1                   //without the-n option, sed prints the matching rows,  root:x:0:0:root:/ The line  root required by the root:/bin/bash             //: x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash                 and print the entire text file  bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologinsync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/synchalt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/ Sbin/haltuucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologinoperator:x:11:0:operator:/roo*:/sbin/nologinphp-fpm:x : 502:502::/home/php-fpm:/sbin/nologinrpc:x:32:32:rpcbind daemon:/var/cache/rpcbind:/sbin/nologinrpcuser:x :29:29:rpc service user:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologinnfsnobody:x:65534:65534:anonymous nfs  User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologinnginx:x:495:492:nginx web server:/var/lib/nginx:/sbin/nologinntp:x : 38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologinnagios:x:494:491::/var/spool/nagios:/sbin/nologinnrpe:x:493:490:nrpe user for the  nrpe service:/var/run/nrpe:/sbin/nologinzabbix:x:492:489:zabbix monitoring system:/var/lib/ zabbix:/sbin/nologinroot[[email protected] ~]# sed -n  ' 1 ' p 1                       After   //plus-n, only the matching rows are printed  root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

[[email protected] ~]# sed-n ' 3,6 ' P 1//print out a file of 3, 6 lines sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/synchalt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/h Altuucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologinoperator:x:11:0:operator:/roo*:/sbin/nologin[[email protected ] ~]#[[email protected] ~]# sed-n '/root/' P 1//print out rows containing root root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashroot[[email protected] ~ ]#

-E option: To perform multiple editing commands

 [[email protected] ~]# sed -n -e  '/ root/' p -e  '/nginx/' p 1               //is equivalent to executing two commands  root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashnginx:x:495:492:nginx web server:/var/ lib/nginx:/sbin/nologinroot[roo[email protected] ~]# sed -n  '/root/' p 1 ;  sed -n  '/nginx/' p 1          // The result of the two command is the same as the result of the above plus-e  root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashrootnginx:x:495:492:nginx web server:/var/ Lib/nginx:/sbin/nologin 

[[Email protected] ~]# sed '/root/a\wang ' 1//After ROOT Chase plus Wang Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbi N/nologinzabbix:x:492:489:zabbix Monitoring System:/var/lib/zabbix:/sbin/nologinroot ROOTwang

-F option: only works if the SED script is invoked

[[email protected] ~]# vim 2.sed              //Creating an SED script  #!/bin/sed -f                          // Plus-F option: /root/a\                //Here the letter a means to add. The letter I is inserted, the letter C modifies the contents of the text  usrlocal.~~[[email protected] ~]# chmod u+x 2.sed          //Add Execute Permissions  [[email protected] ~]# ./2.sed 1            //executes the script file, followed by the file to be executed  root:x:0:0:root:/ root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologinsync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/synchalt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/ Haltuucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologinoperator:x:11:0:operator:/roo*:/sbin/nologinzabbix:x : 492:489:zabbix monitoring system:/var/lib/zabbix:/sbin/nologinroot rootusr                                                   //added content  local.

Sed text positioning

$: Represents the last line in the SED command

[[email protected] ~]# sed-n ' $p ' 1 root[[email protected] ~]# sed-n ' 1,16! ' P 1//Text total 17 lines, ' x,y! ' Represents a row ROOT that matches no longer between this range

Match a keyword with a line number

[[email protected] ~]# sed-n '/ntp/,$ ' P 1//print the line from match to NTP to the last line ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologinnagios:x:494:491:: /var/spool/nagios:/sbin/nologinnrpe:x:493:490:nrpe user for the NRPE service:/var/run/nrpe:/sbin/nologinzabbix:x : 492:489:zabbix monitoring system:/var/lib/zabbix:/sbin/nologinroot root[[email protected] ~]#

SED represents the replacement file:

s/replaced character/new character/[option] {option g indicates all occurrences of the substituted string in the replacement text; p means that only the replacement character is printed, and the-n is combined; W means that the output is directed to a file}

 [[email protected] ~]# sed -n  ' S/ROOT/root /P '  1        //replace root in file with root  root[[email  protected] ~]#[[email protected] ~]# touch 22        //Create a file with 3 root [[email protected] ~]# vim 22  1 root  written in the file wang root   2 root  3 root  4~ 

[[email protected] ~]# sed -n  ' s/root/user/p '  22          //so just replace the first character of each line with the one that matches  user wwang rootuseruser[[email protected]  ~]# sed -n  ' s/root/user/g ' p 22             //Replace all matching characters  user wwang user useruser[[email protected] ~]#[[ email protected] ~]# sed -n  ' s/root/user/w 33 '  22       //Plus w means that the modified file is written to another file, and SED automatically creates the file if it does not exist  [[email protected] ~]# cat  33user wwang rootuseruser[[email protected] ~]#[[email protected] ~]# sed   ' 5 q '  1            //match to the first 5 lines, then exit  root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologinsync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/synchalt:x:7:0 : Halt:/sbin:/sbin/haltuucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin[[email protected] ~]# 

[[email protected] ~]# sed-n-E '/root/= ' 1//print match to the line number where the keyword is located 116[[email protected] ~]# sed-n-E '/root/= '-e '/root/' P 1//print lines and line numbers matching to keywords 1root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash16root[[email protected] ~]# sed-n '/root/{p;=} ' 1// Add curly braces To specify the command group to execute on the row again Root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash1root16[[email protected] ~]#

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Use of SED commands