Various services in ArcGIS server

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Services used by various services in ArcGIS server

Services allow for easier sharing of resources between clients. The service ensures that all clients access the same resources without having to install them separately on their machines. The server stores resources, manages services, and makes GIS-related work, returning the results to the client in the form of pictures or text.

To use the service, you do not need to install a separate GIS software, either with a normal web browser or a custom application. But ArcGIS applications, such as ArcMap and Arcglobe, can also serve as a client for GIS services.

When you use a service on ArcGIS server, you can access it just as you would with a local resource. For example, when accessing a map service on a server, it is as if the maps document and data are stored locally.

Publishing GIS resource as a service is the key to getting people to access it. Typically, resources are created from ArcGIS desktop and then published as a service for the client to use.

The following table lists the services that can be published and what resources are required for each service

Service type	The GIS resources you need
MAP Service	Map document (. Mxd,. PMF)
Geocode Service	Address locator (. Loc,. MXS, SDE batch locator)
Geodata Service	Database connection file (. sde) or personal geodatabase or file Geodatabase or a map referencing data from a registered version of Geodatabase Document
Geometry Service	No GIS resources required
Geoprocessing Service	Map document or Toolbox (. tbx) with tool coating
Globe Service	Globe document (. 3DD,. PMF)
Image Service	Raster a DataSet or a layer file that references a Raster dataset or a compiled image service definition (. ISCDEF)

The capabilities of a variety of services

As an ArcGIS server administrator, you need to focus on the published service and the resources it references. But the client is more concerned about the capabilities of the services they can use. As an administrator, you can control the published GIS and the capabilities it has.

The ability to service is related to the type of resource, such as the type of layer in a map document. MAP documents have the most capacity. such as WMS and KML. Other, such as geodata access and geoprocessing, require a special type of layer. The resources required for various service capabilities are listed in the following table.

Ability	What this ability can do	Which services have the capability
Geocoding	Can be used to access address locator. GeoCode service always has this ability.	Geocode Services
Geodata	Can be used to access geodatabase for data querying, extraction, and replication. Geodata service always has this ability.	Geodata Services
Geodata Access	Allows client users to copy and extract data in ArcMap. This ability is available when publishing a map document that creates an associated geodata service.	MAP Services
Geometry	Provides an internal engine for the application for geometric operations such as projection and encryption.	Geometry Services
Geoprocessing	Access geoprocessing models from toolbox or tool layers. A tool layer is a model that is dragged from a arctoolbox to a TOC. This ability is available when publishing a map document that creates an associated geoprocessing service. This capability is automatically available when a geoprocessing service is released.	Geoprocessing Services, Map services
Globe	Can be used to access globe document. This capability is automatically available when you publish a Globe service.	Globe Services
Imaging	Used to access the raster dataset or ArcGIS Image Server service. This capability is automatically available when the image service is published.	Image Services
Kml	Use a map document to create a keyhole Markup Language (KML) features.	MAP Services
Mapping	The content used to access the map document. This capability is automatically available when publishing a map service.	MAP Services
Mobile Data Access	You can extract data from the map document to your mobile device.	MAP Services
Network Analysis	Use Network Analyst extension to solve the traffic analysis problem.	MAP Services
WCS	Create a service that is compatible with the OGC (Open Geospatial Consortium) WCS specification (Web Coverage service).	Geodata Services, image services, map services
Wfs	Create a service that is compatible with the OGC WFS specification (Web Feature service).
Wms	Create a service that is compatible with the OGC WMS Specification (Web MAP service).	Image Services, Map services

This lets you see what kind of service you need to publish to use your specific capabilities.

Publish the service to the network

The client connects to the server over the network (either over a LAN or WAN). If you are connecting to a GIS service over the Internet, they are using a Web service.

When the service is published, the default is to enable the service to be accessed over the network and to give a URL associated with it. This URL is used by ESRI's applications when they connect through ArcGIS Server Internet. You cannot enter this URL directly into the browser to browse the service. However, you can enter this URL in the browser, followed by the "? wsdl" to see the definition of the Web service, in order to check whether it works correctly. (WSDL is the abbreviation for Web Services Description language, which is an XML language used to describe a Web service.)

About URLs for Web service

To enable clients to access Web services, they must know the URL of the service. Shaped like:

http://< server name >/< instance name >/services

If you want to connect to a specific service, the URL should be in this form:

http://< server name >/< Instance name >/services/< folder name (if service is in a folder) >/< service name >/< service type (required for some services) >/< Types of competencies (required for certain services) >
For example, to see the description of all services on the server through WSDL, enter the following URL:

/HTTP Server name/arcgis/services?wsdl

As another example, to view the mapping capability on a server named Usamap service through the WSDL, enter the following URL:

/HTTP Server name/arcgis/services/usamap/mapserver?wsdl

Some capabilities must be accessed through the web

The use of certain capabilities requires that the client must be connected over the Internet, so the ability cannot disable the "Access via web" option. These capabilities include KML, WMS, and mobile Data Access.

Let's look at the specific services below.

Map Services

The MAP service is the most common ArcGIS service and can have many capabilities and capabilities. The map service itself has the ability to mapping and map viewing, and it can support modeling and geoprocessing,mobile GIS services as well as the OGC WMS, OGC WCS, KML capabilities.

To publish a map service, you first have to prepare a map document (. mxd) in ArcMap. When you publish this mxd file as a map service, you can access the map document's data through the service, display the layer, and use any of the capabilities built into the map. You can also choose to create a cache for this service so that it can be browsed more quickly.

Create a map document

You must use ArcGIS Desktop to create a map document. How to create, refer to ArcMap overview.

Tips for creating a map document ready to be published as a service

Need to reasonably arrange the contents of the map document, scope, labeling, annotation and so on elements, arrange them to a reasonable position, remember not too cumbersome, while taking into account the beauty of the map.

You can refer to creating and publishing network maps.

Publish Service

For information on how to publish a document as a service, refer to the "publishing a GIS resource to the server" topic in Help.

Enable the appropriate capabilities in the service

After you publish a map service, you can create additional service that works with the map service by enabling the appropriate capabilities. Some of these capabilities require that a map document contain a specific layer.

The capabilities that map service has and the requirements to enable it are listed in the following table.

Ability	What this ability can do	Requirements for enabling this capability
Mapping	Provides access to the contents of a map document	Any map document has this ability by default
WCS	Include one or more raster layers in your map document to enable the ability to be compatible with the Open geospatial Consortium ' s (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS) specification	You need to include raster layers in your map document
Wfs	Use the layers in the document to create a capability that is compatible with the Open geospatial Consortium's (OGC) Web Feature Service (WFS) specification.	You need to include vector layers in your document. The raster layer is not included in the service because the WFS is for the right amount of data.
Wms	Use the document to create a capability that is compatible with the Open geospatial Consortium's (OGC) Web Map Service (WMS) specification.	None
Mobile Data Access	You can extract data from a map document to a mobile device.	Don't need
Kml	Use a map document to create a keyhole Markup Language (KML) features.	Don't need
Geodata Access	Allows users to extract and copy data in ArcMap.	You need to use the layers in geodatabase. Create a geodata service that works in conjunction with the map service.
Geoprocessing	The geoprocessing models can be accessed from the tool layer. A tool layer is a tool model that is dragged directly from the Arctoolbox to the TOC.	Requires a tool layer. This allows you to create a geoprocessing service that works with the map service.
Network Analysis	Use the Network Analyst Extension module to troubleshoot traffic analysis problems.	A network analysis layer that references the network dataset data is required.

Using the Map Service

Once the map service has been created, it can be connected by local and internet means. Because map service can have multiple capabilities, it is accessible to many ESRI and non-ESRI applications. Including:

• ArcMap
• ArcGIS Server Web Mapping applications
• ArcGIS JavaScript API Applications
• ArcGIS Explorer
• ArcGlobe
• ArcReader
• ArcGIS Engine Applications
• ArcGIS for AutoCAD
• Microsoft Virtual Earth (using the ArcGIS JavaScript Extension for the Virtual Earth API)
• Google Maps (using the ArcGIS JavaScript Extension for the Google Maps API)
• Google Earth (as KML)
• WMS Client Applications (as WMS)
• WCS client Applications (as WCS)
• WFS client applications (as WFS)
• Mobile applications (as a mobile data service)

Geocode Services

Geocode Services also has a very wide range of uses, and business and customer management can easily draw the direction in which goods are distributed and shipped. Geocoding can easily find an address on the map and see how some of the surrounding elements relate to it. Sometimes you can just get the information you need by looking at the map, and there are times when you need to use spatial analysis tools to uncover potential information.

There are many commercial geocode services, but may not be able to meet your needs: address information is not updated timely, address information format does not match them, or you want people to use local idioms to find a place. All of these require a special geocoding solution. You can resolve these issues by publishing your own GeoCode service.

Before you publish the GeoCode service to your GIS server, you need to create an address locator in ArcGIS desktop and then publish the locator as a GeoCode service.

Create an address locator

Address Locator is the primary tool for geocoding in ArcGIS and contains all the data needed for location targeting. You can use Arccatalog to create an address locator. For a step-by-step creation, refer to creating an address Locator.

The created locator needs to be in a shared directory so that all the Server object container (SOC) machines can access it. In addition, the SOC account also needs to have access to the appropriate permissions to the directory.

Release Address locator

Please refer publishing a GIS resource to the server. Specifies the locator that you want to publish when you specify a resource. The formats you can use are locator files (. loc), ArcView 3 Address locators (. Mxs), ArcSDE address locators, personal geodatabase locators, and F Ile Geodatabase Locators.

Using the GeoCode service

The Web ADF comes with a Find address task that is used to locate addresses. Use this task to work with the GeoCode service.

Geodata Services

Geodata service, clients use ArcGIS server to access geodatabase over a LAN or WAN. The service has the ability to replicate geodatabase, extract data, and perform queries in Geodatabase. A geodata service itself can add various lines of geodatabase, including ArcSDE geodatabases, personal geodatabases, and file geodatabases.

Geodata Services is useful if you want to access a database remotely. For example, the company wants to create an ARCSDE geodatabases to manage data from the Los Angeles and New York offices. After establishing a good service, both offices can use the Geodata service to publish their ArcSDE geodatabase via the Internet. Geodata services can also be used to periodically synchronize data in different geodatabase over the Internet.

Before you publish the service, you need to be aware of the geodatabase related concepts. Please refer to understanding distributed data.

First, prepare the Geodatabase release Geodata service in ArcGIS Desktop.

Two ways to publish Geodata service: Publish directly from Geodatabase, or accompany a map service to publish a geodata service.

Publish Geodata service directly from Geodatabase

This way you need to refer to the personal geodatabase, file geodatabase, or ARCSDE connection file you want to publish as a service. Geodatabase or connection files need to be placed on all SOC machines where they can be accessed.

For ArcSDE Geodatabase, it is sometimes necessary to right-click in the Catalog to save the connection file so that the. SDE connection file will be saved in your login/application data/esri/catalog/folder, It is recommended that it be copied to a place where all the SOC machines are accessible.

To publish the Geodata service by following the steps:

1. Click the Services tab in the manager
2. Click Publish GIS Resource.
3. Enter the information as prompted, but be aware that:
   • For resource, select the connection file (. sde) for the geodatabase or ARCSDE geodatabase you want to publish.
   • For assistance, please refer to publishing a GIS resource to the server.

Publish a Geodata service with the map service

To do this, you must select Geodata Access in the map service's capabilities list, and map document must reference the data in Geodatabase. When the publication is complete, a map service and a geodata service with the same name are created automatically, and the two services can be managed independently. Publishing such a service allows you to add a map service to ArcMap using the commands in Distributed Geodatabase toolbar. Please refer to Distributed geodatabase toolbar.

To do this, follow these steps:

1. Click the Services tab in the manager
2. Click Publish GIS Resource.
3. Enter the information as prompted, but be aware that:
   • For resource, select the map document you want to publish.
   • When selecting a competency, make sure Geodata Access is selected.
   • For assistance, please refer to publishing a GIS resource to the server.
   Ability

   Geodata Services can generate three of capabilities. You can either select them at the time of publishing the service or later modify them in the service properties:

   • Geodata is used to access Geodatabase, which automatically has this capability by default.

   • The WCS causes the raster data in the geodatabase to be open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) Web Coverage Service (WCS). Published to the network in a way that is compatible with WCS specifications. The WCS capability is not selected by default.

     About WCS Services.

   • WFS makes the vector data in the Geodatabase Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) Web Feature Service (WFS). Are published to the network in a way that is compatible with WFS specifications. The WFS capability is not selected by default.

     About WFS Services.

Geometry Services

Geometry service can help your application with geometric calculations such as buffering, simplifying, calculating area/length, or projection. There are other ways in which these calculations can be done, such as fine-grained AO programming or geoprocessing service, while the geometry service provides another way to do similar work. The Geometry service is ideal for applications built using ArcGIS rest or JavaScript APIs.

Geometry service is only visible to administrators and developers. Users connected to the server are not able to see the geometry service.

The geometry service is available in ArcGIS Server 9.3 and is not available by default. It must be created manually for your own application.

Create Geometry Service

To create a geometry service, select the Add New service in Arccatalog or manager. Select the geometry service in the service type. But pay attention to the following points:

• The geometry service must be named with "geometry".
• There can be only one geometry service on each server, but multiple instances of the service can be allowed.
• Geometry services are always pooled.
• You can stop, start, and delete the geometry service just as you do with other services.

Use Geometry service for development work

When you build a JavaScript application, you can refer to a geometry service through the rest endpoint. Please refer to ArcGIS JavaScript API helps for use.

If you want to use the geometry service in a Web ADF application, we recommend that you use SOAP. Geometry service can be found in the SOAP SDK, please refer to ArcGIS Server Resource Center.

Geoprocessing Service

The Geoprocessing service contains geoprocessing tasks that the client can use. Tasks are created when you publish a geoprocessing toolboxes or a map documents that contains a tool layer. When a task in the Geoprocessing service is executed, it is performed on the server, and the server's resources are used.

Geoprocessing services and their tasks can be accessed via the Internet or local area network, or in ArcGIS Desktop, ArcGIS Explorer, and Web applications such as using ArcGIS Server Manager-created web Applicaiton).

Publish geoprocessing Service

• Publish Geoprocessing Toolbox. Each tool in the toolbox becomes a task in the Geoprocessing service.
• Publishes a map document that contains a tool layer. Each tool layer will be programmed to geoprocessing a task in the service.

Input and output data type

The parameter types for the input and output are described in general.

For information on how to publish geoprocessing service, please refer to publishing geoprocessing service.

For more information on geoprocessing service, please refer to geoprocessing service.

Globe Services

The Globe service provides a 3D view from an Arcglobe document (. 3dd). To publish a Globe service, you first create a Globe document and then publish it as a service. After the Globe service has been created, supported clients such as Arcglobe, ArcGIS Explorer, and ArcReader can access the Globe service remotely.

Steps to create a Globe service:

1. Prepare an Arcglobe document to make sure that the data source or cache of the documentation is accessible to all SOC machines.
2. Create and start a Globe service using Arccatalog or ArcGIS Server Manager.
3. You can create a cache for Globe service to speed up access.

The following details how to publish the service, use the service, and how to improve the display speed.

Create a Globe document

The document must be created with ArcGIS desktop and have 3D Analyst extension. Globe Service contains a number of layers that can be added to the application individually. This is different from the map service, which joins all the data in the document at once. Because Globe service is such a separate layer, some properties in globe document, such as ambient lighting, sun position, background color, and stretch parameters, do not work in the Globe service.

Remove a layer from ArcGIS online

ArcGlobe 9.3 includes some layers from ArcGIS Online services by default. They must be removed before the Globe service is published. Because Globe services content, such as ArcGIS Online services, can no longer be published in other Globe services.

In addition to your own layers, if you want to see ArcGIS online content in your program, you first need to publish a service that does not contain ArcGIS online layers (only your own layers). Then create an arcglobe document or 3D ArcReader document or ArcGIS Explorer map, and then add something to it:

• The Globe service has just been released
• ArcGIS online layer.
• Add layers for other services, if desired.

Then save the document and place it in a shared location.

About Optimizing data performance

Please refer to the entry:

• Set scale-dependent rendering for a layer: This will only display the required layers when zoomed in/out to a certain scale. For example, the detail layer only needs to be displayed on a large scale.
• simplifies layer symbols. Complex symbols can be very time-consuming to draw.

• Use compressed raster data.

  Use JPEG as a format for the cache file as much as possible, because this format compresses the amount of data.

  If the graphics card driver support, you can also choose the DXT compression format.

• The color of the compressed pixel varies from 16 bits to a range.

• Increase the cell size of the raster layer.
• Remove layers that you do not need.

Publishing a Globe service

Select Publish Globe Service and select the Globe document you want to publish. Follow the wizard to complete the work.

Note that there is no control in the Web ADF that uses globe services.

It is recommended to access the Globe service through ArcGIS Explorer.

To browse published 3D services in Web application, you can only do this by using ArcGIS JavaScript Extension for Virtual earth.

Image Services

Image Service makes it possible to browse raster data from a Web service. The data source for the raster data can be a raster dataset (in Geodatabase or on the hard disk), a layer file referencing the raster dataset, or a compiled image service created with ArcGIS image server Definition (contains one or more raster datasets and defined processes).

Note: If you are using the compiled image service definitions to create image services, you will need to register ArcGIS image server in ArcGIS server. Please refer to learn more about registering ArcGIS Image server with ArcGIS server.

The ability to Image service

When you publish an image Service, you can choose the ability to make it compatible with the Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service (WMS) or web Coverage Service (WCS) specification.

Publish Image Services

• I have ArcGIS server and the ArcGIS Image Server extension

  You can use Arccatalog or manager to publish three of the data sources that you said before. Please refer publishing a GIS resource to the server. When prompted for the resource type, select Raster DataSet, layer file, or compiled image service definition to publish.

• I only have ArcGIS Server

  You can only publish the first two data sources. Steps as before

• I only have ArcGIS Image Server

  You can only publish a third source of data. Nor can you enable WMS or WCS capabilities. Clients can only connect directly to ArcGIS Image Server.

Using the Image Service

You can use the image service like any other service after you connect to the GIS server.

Raster the layer properties of a dataset data source

The Image service layer has properties. Like a raster dataset layer, the Image Service Layer Properties dialog box includes the general, Source, Extent, Display, and symbology tags. Note that the display label has compression options. Can be used to quickly transfer images.

Layer properties for ArcGIS Image server data source

With mosaic and metadata two additional tags.

About services that have KML capabilities

Keyhole Markup Language (KML) is an XML-based file format used to express geographic information (geographic feature) in applications such as Google Earth or ArcGIS Explorer. KML can be used to draw points, lines, and polygons on maps and globes, and share them with others. You can also use KML to specify the link information for text, pictures, movies, or other GIS services in the results when a user taps a feature.

What can I do with KML in ArcGIS server?

ArcGIS server has several ways to allow you to use KML to share your map data:

• MAP Services and Image Services Open KML network links through representational state transfer (REST).
• You can also use Services directory or manager to create your own KML network links.
• When querying a map layer through rest, the geoprocessing or geocoding operation will result in the form of KML.

This shows that KML is created dynamically, so KML is always consistent with the latest map data on the server.

For more information, refer to KML support in ArcGIS Server

About services that have the ability to be compliant with OGC Specifications (WFS,WMS,WCS)

Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. (OGC) WEB Services enables your maps and data to be shared across the network in an open and universal format. The OGC defines specifications that can be widely shared for maps and data. All developers can use the OGC specification for free. Clients that use OGC specifications can be a wide range of simple Web browsers or applications such as ArcMap.

The publishing capabilities of OGC specifications in ArcGIS server

The OGC defines different types of services to support different maps and data. ArcGIS Server can publish three types of OGC services:

• Web map Services (WMS) is used to support MAP images in the form of layers
• Web Feature Services (WFS) supports vector data
• Web Coverage Services (WCS) supports raster data

Services that support OGC specifications can be published by enabling certain capabilities in ArcGIS Server services.

Services that can support OGC capabilities are listed in the following table.

	Wms	Wfs	WCS
MAP Services	X	X	X
Geodata Services		X	X
Image Services	X		X

For more information, refer to the OGC support in ArcGIS Server

Various services in ArcGIS server