Virtual machine, Linux operating system introduction and
Virtual machine VMware Workstation Pro 12.1.0 for Windows:
http://www. vmware.com/cn/(293M)
Note: You need to register your account and activate it via email before you can download
VMware Perpetual certificate key: 5a02h-au243-tzj49-gtc7k-3c61n
Virtual machine VirtualBox5.0.14 for Windows hosts X86/AMD64:
https://www. Virtualbox.org/wiki/downloads (112M)
The above is the mainstream of two virtual machine software, here we use VMware
Ubuntu
http://CN. ubuntu.com/download/
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Here is the introduction, do not want to see directly jump to the second step
What is a virtual machine?
Virtual machine is a complete computer system that is run in a fully isolated environment with full hardware functionality that is simulated by software.
Introduction to Linux development history and common releases
Linux is a Microsoft Windows to compete with the operating system, it has open source, security, stability, free, multi-user features.
In 1987, Professor Andrew Tanenbaum designed a simplified UNIX system--minix for ease of teaching.
In 1991, Linus Torvalds, a Finnish scientist, wrote the Linux kernel on the basis of Minix in the course of his postgraduate studies.
UNIX is mainly for business services, Linux originated from UNIX, and Linux in price, openness, to meet the needs of PC users, such as better, more suitable for small and medium enterprises and personal use.
The Linux operating system is the product of the the 1980s Free Software Foundation (FSF) and the Open Source project program (GNU), which follows the general Public License (GPL) protocol and features a free-spread source code that meets the "Portable Operating System Interface" (POSIX) standard.
? Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
is currently the most popular commercial distribution (free source code, but pay for the purchase of follow-up services, including technical support, system upgrades, etc.), the most far-reaching, the RPM package management system (Red Hat packages Manager) is the industry's fact standard.
Fedora Linux, SuSE Linux, domestic red Flag Linux, CentOS (Community Enterprise Operating System) are all based on it.
? Fedora Linux
The development branch of Red Hat Personal Edition, Red Hat original development team and open source community to participate in development work
? SuSE Linux/open SuSE
Based on Slackware Linux (the earliest available Linux distributions), for servers, with a complete German-language interface
? Red Flag Linux
Born in 1999, is one of China's larger and more mature Linux distribution, developed by Beijing Zhongke Hongqi Software Technology Co., Ltd., including desktop version, workstation edition, server version, red flag embedded Linux and other products. February 10, 2014, the Red Flag announced the official dissolution of the company.
? CentOS (Community Enterprise Operating System, Community business operating system)
is the product of Rhel (Red Hat Enterprise Linux) source code re-compiled, completely free, and on the basis of Rhel fixed a number of known bugs, relative to other Linux distributions, its stability is trustworthy, many servers to CentOS replacement commercial version of Rhel.
? Debian Linux
Published in August 1993 by Ian Murdock, a student at Purdue University in the United States, insists on a liberal style, maintained and upgraded by a group of volunteers.
Its Deb package, dpkg package, and Red Hat's RPM package are among the two most important software package management systems in Linux.
Combined with dpkg (Debian Packager), the tool apt-get can be installed and upgraded online (reference: http://baike.baidu.com/view/1314054.htm)
? Ubuntu Linux
The most popular Linux distribution today is almost synonymous with everyday Linux.
The first version was released in October 2004 and is based on Debian, with Kubuntu and Edubunt in the same series.
The current version is 16.10 and the long-term support version is 16.04 (LTS)