Vro related technologies

Nowadays, vrouters have become mature products, but new technologies are still emerging. The current mainstream vro technologies include the following:

ADSL Access and PPPoE

Asyuncrical Data Subscriber Line (ADSL) is a broadband access technology. It is a representative of the popular broadband technology. The downlink bandwidth can reach 8 Mbps and the uplink bandwidth can reach 640 kbps.

PPPOEPPP over Ethernet, PPP: Point to Point Protocol) is a new type of Protocol used to authenticate and charge Ethernet Access Users. Similar to the PPP over ATM protocol, a router device using this protocol can terminate the access service. Currently, the PPPoE and PPPoA protocols have capacity problems. Most vrouters that support this Protocol can only process thousands of active sessions.

VoIP

VoIP (Voice of Internet Phone) is a technology used to transmit Voice over an IP network. It is a product of the combination of telecommunication and computer network technologies, the current trend is unified transmission of voice, data, and video.

VPN

Virtual Private Network (VPN) refers to the establishment of a secure Network connection on a non-secure Network. Generally, it provides the following services: verification, encryption, and data integrity. VPN can be divided into leased line VPN and dial-up VPN (also known as VPDN, Virtual Private Dialing Network) according to the access method. According to the protocol type, the second layer tunnel protocol includes the point-to-point tunnel protocol (PPTP, point to Point Tunnel Protocol), L2 Forwarding Protocol (L2F, Layer 2 Forwarding), L2 Tunnel Protocol (L2TP, Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol), and L3 Tunnel Protocol: includes IP Security (IPSec, Internet Protocol Secruity) and General Routing Encapsulation Protocol (GRE, General Router Encapsulation ).

QoS

QoS (Quality of Service): QoS on a router can be implemented in the following ways: high bandwidth assurance, reserved bandwidth implementation, access control, congestion control, service differentiation, MPLS traffic engineering, etc. The preceding methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and can be used in combination sometimes.

MPLS

MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) is an efficient IP backbone network technology platform. It provides a flexible and scalable backbone network Switching technology for the next generation of IP networks. The use of MPLS technology will greatly improve network operation efficiency, achieve QoS division for IP network services, and rationally allocate network resources through traffic engineering to implement restricted routing, MPLS networks also provide efficient VPN services and real-time services.

IP over SDH and IP over DWDM

With the development of optical fiber technology and the formation of IP core position, IP over SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) technology has gradually matured. SDH uses the time-division multiplexing method to carry multi-channel data. Therefore, a large number of multiplexing cross connectors are required in the core network. DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) enables a single optical fiber to transmit multiple signals at different wavelengths.

IPv6 technology

In the future, the IP network may be an IPv6 network. Due to the explosive development of the Internet caused by the emergence of the Web, the number of users of the IP network rapidly increased, and the IP address was unprecedentedly tight, so IPv6 was proposed. IPv6 expands the address space and adds authentication and encryption security measures on the IP layer. It defines Flow labels for real-time business applications ). However, due to the huge inertia of the market and the effective application of Classless Inter-Domain Routing without class addressing CIDR, the IP address depletion time has been greatly postponed, and IPv6 has not been widely used yet. However, with the increase of services and the further development of the Internet, IPv6 is inevitable.

Broadband, high performance

Routers have always been regarded as network bottlenecks. With the development of technology, GSR-Gigabit Switch Router and TSR have emerged ). The optical interface speed of these routers has reached 10 Gbps, and this high-performance router will become a trend in the future.