VTP + STP + l3 switch in vswitch settings (Comprehensive Experiment)

VTP + STP + layer-3 switching (Integrated Experiment) in vswitch settings: 1. VTP configuration 2. STP configuration 3. vswitch configuration 4. vro configuration 5. test the experiment topology of www.2cto.com: 1. vlan id: 2 ~ VLAN 1 is the management VLAN, and does not need to be a user VLAN. 2. vlan ip address planning vlan idip ip address range gateway address 2192.168.10.0/26192.168.10.1/26192.168.10.2/263 255.192.168.10.64/26192.168.10.65/26192.168.10.66/255.192.168.10.128/26192.168.10.129/26192.168.10.130/255./ 255./ 26 3. router IP address Planning Route interface IP address layer-3 switch route interface 172.16.1.1/30F0/0172.16.1.2/30F0/110.1.1.10/24 4. port Planning the ports on the layer-3 Switch are allocated with two layer-3 switches f0/1 and f0/2. The interfaces are configured with Ethernetchannel ports f0/10, f0/11, f0/12, and f0/13. A layer 2 switch connected to the access layer. The f0/24 of the SW-3L-2 connects to the router and configures the routing interface. L2 Switch Port allocation F0/23 ~ 3-tier switch with 24 connection, Trunk (23-SW-3L-1, 24-SW-3L-2) F0/1 ~ 20. Connect to the host and divide the host into VLANs on average. Www.2cto.com configuration process: VTP configuration of two three layers for the server and the remaining two layers are clientSW-3L-1 (config) # vtp domain cainiaoSW-3L-1 (config) # vtp mode serverSW-3L-1 (config) # vtp password 1234sw-3l-1 (config) # vtp version 2sw-3il-1 (config) # vtp pruning SW-3L-2 configure the same SW-A (config) # vtp domain cainiaoSW-A (config) # vtp password 1234SW-A (config) # vtp version 2SW-A (config) # vtp pruningSW-A (config) # vtp mode client B, C, and D are configured with the same VLAN, And the inbound port configuration is slightly (according to the pre-planned configuration) STP configuration SW -3il-1 (config) # spanning-tree vlan 2 root primarySW-3L-1 (config) # spanning-tree vlan 3 root primarySW-3L-2 (config) # spanning-tree vlan 4 priority 4096SW-3L-2 (config) # spanning-tree vlan 5 priority 4096 www.2cto.com SW-A (config) # spanning-tree uplinkfastSW-A (config) # int f0/23SW-A (config-if) # spanning-tree portfastSW-A (config) # int f0/24SW-A (config-if) # spanning-tree portfast // configure the uplink speed link and speed port B, C, and D. configure a layer-3 Switch SW-3L-1 (config) # ip routingSW-3L-2 (config) # ip routing SW-3L-1 (config) # int range f0/1-2sw-3il-1 (config-if-range) # channel-group 1 mode onCreating a port-channel interface Port-channel 1 // configure the Ethernet channel www.2cto.com SW-3L-2 configuration method same SW-3L-2 (config) # int f0/24SW-3L-2 (config-if) # no switchport // configure the routing interface SW-3L-2 (config-if) # ip addr 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252SW-3L-2 (config-if) # no shut SW-3L-1 (config) # int vlan 3 SW-3L-1 (Config-if) # ip helper-address 192.168.10.10 // configure the DHCP server address on the VLAN that is not connected to the DHCP server to implement relay forwarding of DHCP broadcast information. SW-3L-1 (config) # int vlan 4 SW-3L-1 (config-if) # ip helper-address 192.168.10.10SW-3il-1 (config) # int vlan 5 SW-3L-1 (config-if) # DHCP relay forwarding configuration on ip helper-address 192.168.10.10SW-3L-2 www.2cto.com SW-3L-1 (config) # int vlan 2sw-3il-1 (config-if) # ip addr 192.168.10.1 255.255.192sw-3il-1 (config-if) # no shutSW-3L-1 (config-if) # exitVLAN 3 VLAN 4 VLAN 5 IP Address Configuration (by pre-planned configuration) SW-3L-1 (config) # router ripSW-3L-1 (config-rout Er) # version 2sw-3il-1 (config-router) # no auto-summarySW-3L-1 (config-router) # network 192.168.10.0SW-3il-1 (config-router) # network 192.168.10.64SW-3il-1 (config-router) # network 192.168.10.128SW-3il-1 (config-router) # network 192.168.10.192 SW-3L-2 (config) # int vlan 2SW-3L-2 (config-if) # ip addr 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.192SW-3L-2 (config-if) # no shutSW-3L-2 (config-if) # exitVLAN 3 VLAN 4 VLAN 5 IP Address Configuration (based on the pre-planned configuration) SW -3L-2 RIPv2 configuration and SW-3L-1 for the same vro configuration www.2cto.com Router (config) # int f0/0 Router (config-if) # ip addr 176.16.1.2 255.255.255.252 // configure the ip address of the Router interface Router (config-if) # no shutRouter (config) # int f0/1 Router (config-if) # ip addr 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.0Router (config-if) # no shutRouter (config) # router ripRouter (config-router) # version 2 Router (config-router) # no auto-summaryRouter (config-router) # network 176.16.1.0Router (conf Ig-router) # network 10.1.1.0 // configure the vro to start r12002router (config) # ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0 10.1.1.1 // configure the default route, pointing to 10.1.1.1/24 test 1. ping between hosts and mutual access between VLANs. 2. View The VTP and VLAN information of each vswitch to verify that VLAN learning is correct. 3. View STP information on the switch to verify that the STP root bridge is correct. 4. Long ping between hosts, disconnect the uplink, and verify data load sharing. Www.2cto.com 1. Unified VTP domain name, password, and version configuration. 2. the Ethernet channel must be configured before wiring; otherwise, a loop is generated. 3. Configure the Trunk. 4. Enable the routing function of the layer-3 Switch and configure the routing interface. Knowledge to supplement the advantages of Ethernet channels: ◆ Load Balancing for multiple lines, improved bandwidth ◆ fault tolerance, when one line fails, other lines will communicate without packet loss. Ethernet channels should follow the following rules:★The port to be bound must belong to the same VLAN. If it is in relay mode, it is required that all ports to be bound be in relay mode. In addition, all ports are configured with the same permitted VLAN range. If the permitted VLAN ranges of all relay entries in the channel are different, the relay port of a VLAN is not allowed to discard the packets of that VLAN, and the port of that VLAN is allowed to transmit data for it.★If the port is configured in relay mode, all ports in the channel should be configured in the same relay mode at both ends of the link.★The physical parameter settings of all ports involved in the binding must be the same, and the same speed and full/Half Duplex Mode settings should be available. Reasons for using STP: it is necessary that a ring physical link can provide a backup route for the network to enhance the reliability of the network. Therefore, a solution is required to ensure the reliability of the network, on the other hand, we also need to prevent the generation of broadcast storms. The Spanning Tree Protocol is to change a circular structure into a Tree structure. STP is a network that physically has loops. It uses an algorithm to logically disconnect some ports and generate a logical tree structure. STP algorithm 1. select root bridge 2. select root ports 3. select the specified port (designated ports) to select the root bridge based on the bridge ID, the bridge ID is an 8-byte field, 2-byte bridge priority (0-65535, default 32768 ), the MAC address of the 6-byte bridge. The root port exists on a non-follow-up bridge. Select a root port for each non-follow-up bridge. The root port is selected based on the following order: the lowest root path cost to the root bridge, the minimum ID of the directly connected bridge, and the minimum port ID is a specified port on each network segment, according to the order: the root path cost is low, the value of the bridge ID of the switch is small, and the value of the port ID is small. 1. forward (forwarding) sends/receives user data 2. learning to build a bridge table 3. listening to build an active topology 4. blocking only receives BPDU5. disable (disabled) force disable this article from the fat shark Network