In this super class, let's talk about the significance behind power consumption indicators such as TDP, TBP, SDP, and ACP. First, let's introduce some basic knowledge:
CMOS circuit power consumption calculation
How does a CMOS circuit consume power? This problem may be difficult to say. The power consumption design of the integrated circuit can be studied in depth as a subject. We cannot describe in detail here where the power consumption of the CMOS circuit is used, in our earlier articles, we have already explained the problem of CMOS power consumption. For details, refer to: Power Consumption Summary of mainstream graphics cards and the relationship between TDP and power consumption.
▲Power consumption of CMOS circuit
In simple terms, the Power consumption of CMOS circuits can be divided into dynamic Power consumption and Static Power supply. Static Power consumption is mainly caused by leakage of electricity. This Power consumption is useless Power consumption and will become waste heat, however, existing technologies cannot prevent leakage, and the proportion of power consumption increases.
As for Dynamic Power consumption, different technical documents also contain different Power consumption, including switching Power consumption caused by charging/discharging, the formula 1/2 * CV2F can be used to calculate the power consumption. The formula also has different variants. The main difference between the conversion power consumption is the operating voltage and frequency, which is also the focus of reducing circuit power consumption.
Another part of the Power consumption is Short-Circuit Power, which is caused by Short-Circuit current rising and falling in the current input process. However, as the technology advances, the proportion is getting smaller and smaller. In addition, some of the dynamic power consumption is the defective power consumption (glithes power), but it is not the focus of CMOS circuit power consumption.
After talking about this, what is the relationship between the power consumption of CMOS circuits and today's superenergy classroom? The answer is .... the relationship is really not big, because the specific power consumption of the CMOS circuit is only related to the design and technical level of the manufacturer. If Intel tells you that their CPU power consumption is divided into dynamic power consumption xx W and static power consumption xx W, I think you will surely see the following expression:
For this problem, the vendor has other indicators for your reference-TDP power consumption is an example. This parameter not only appears on the CPU, but also on AMD and NVIDIA GPUs. However, the power consumption of TDP has its own problems (as we will talk about it below). With the emphasis on low power consumption, CPU and GPU vendors are increasingly disliking the TDP statement. Therefore, they have come up with other claims, the power consumption of TBP, SDP, and ACP is as follows:
TDP/TBP/SDP/ACP power consumption
TDP: Thermal Design Power consumption/Thermal Design Power
We have seen more about the term TDP. I have also introduced the connotation of TDP power consumption in previous articles. To be precise, this indicator cannot be used to measure the CPU/GPU power consumption level, because it is mainly used for Radiator manufacturers, representing the ability of the chip to generate heat in some extreme or worst cases, such as Core i7-6700K processor TDP is 95 W, it indicates that it will generate 95J heat every second in the worst case, and the heat sink with TDP reaching 95W or higher can meet its heat dissipation requirements.
There is a strict test method for TDP power consumption. The extreme or worst case here is the processor temperature, and each processor has a temperature sensor that can measure the maximum temperature Tcase Max, TDP is measured at the highest temperature and full-open core.
However, Intel also stressed that TDP is not the highest power consumption of the processor, and there is no inevitable relationship between them. From one Point, the other TDP method-Thermal Design Point may be more appropriate.
TBP: Typical motherboard Power consumption/Typical Board Power
Although TDP is the most well-known, it also mentioned that this power consumption is more suitable for heat dissipation indicators and is used to measure power consumption. At present, it is very important on the CPU, however, on the GPU, we have not noticed that AMD and NVIDIA have no longer mentioned TDP Power consumption in the past two years. Instead, they are replaced by TBP (Typical Board Power) or Grpahics Card Power (graphics Card Power consumption ).
AMD and NVIDIA have different names, but the content they refer to is the same. TDP parameters are no longer provided to describe the power consumption metrics of the video card, the two are more prominent in the power consumption of this video card, not just the GPU power consumption.
The architecture of the video card is actually quite simple.
One thing to mention is that GPU manufacturers often package and sell GPU core and video memory chips. What graphics card manufacturers need to do is to provide PCB, radiator and power supply components, these things also consume a certain amount of power, but they are not that important compared to GPU and video memory. In this regard, AMD and NVIDIA provide more reference for TBP and GCP power consumption.
Transient SDP and ACP
As for the design power consumption and ACP power consumption of SDP scenarios, the former was proposed by Intel to describe the power consumption of their processors in daily use scenarios, while AMD's ACP power consumption is used for Opteron processors, they think that TDP power consumption is too unfair to themselves. They use the average power consumption of five applications to describe the power consumption of their own CPU, of course, it will be much lower than TDP power consumption.
Interestingly, when AMD was preparing to use ACP power consumption to overturn the TDP indicator, Intel strictly jumped out of opposition, indicating that ACP power consumption was not universal and could not be compared, however, what they did not expect was that they created SDP power consumption in the mobile market a few years later, and they also avoided TDP power consumption indicators to round out their own processors.
We have also written an article to discuss the disputes between SDP and ACP power consumption indicators. I will not explain them in detail here, because SDP and ACP have now been abandoned, AMD and Intel are no longer talking about these two concepts.
Summary:
Among the four power consumption indicators mentioned in this article, SDP and ACP have become a flash in the flash, and TDP is still stable, but now it is mostly used on CPU, while on GPU, AMD and NVIDIA start to choose indicators such as TBP or GCP, because TDP itself is not suitable for describing chip power consumption, and the power consumption of typical graphics cards is more informative for players.
However, either AMD's TBP or NVIDIA's graphics card power consumption does not provide detailed testing methods, nor are they common standards in the industry. If we want to know the real power consumption of the video card, we have to look at the specific situation. Fortunately, there is now a way to separately measure the power consumption of the entire card of the video card. We have also done the power consumption of the entire card of 18 graphics cards before, this will be more valuable than official indicators.
▲With dedicated instruments, we can separately test the overall card power consumption of the video card.
