What hardware engineers want to learn

Today, the recycling work has been 2 months, has been on business, repair equipment, change a core board, change a power supply and so on. The feeling learned very little, originally was a hardware engineer assistant recruit come in. Now do what, basic continuous travel, nothing learned. This is not deceptive, think, their current economic situation, can only parasitic in the next. But knowledge, self-study is very fast. So looking at some of the hardware the great gods need to learn those moves west. Now give them a list.

Overall, from the signal to the fen, can be divided into analog and digital 2 class. Simulation of the difficult, young people do very little, in a few years to become the great God, Digital sub-51/arm MCU, DSP class, FPGA class.

FPGA engineer, the domestic FPGA engineers are mostly in the IC design company engaged in the front-end verification of IP core, this part does not get the door level, the future is not too clear, even if an IC front-end verification engineer, also have to engage in a few years to be competent. DSP hardware Interface Comparison training, if not the same as the driving algorithm, the future will not be too big. and arm single-chip class content is more, industry products accounted for a large amount of applications, wide, so the employment space is enormous.

Here is someone else to write two articles, you can see, the first "Hardware engineer development of several directions"

For hardware, there are several directions, the simple signal to be divided into digital and analog, simulation is difficult to engage in, the general need a long experience accumulation, a single value or tolerance of the precision is not enough can make the signal deviation is very large. Therefore, young people do less, with the development of technology, there has been a digital analog circuit, such as the modem radio frequency module, the use of mature sets of films, and only two companies in the world have this technology, the self-feeling simulation is not very strong people, not too suitable to engage in this, if it can be done to the mobile phone RF module,    As long as it reaches a general level, the monthly salary may be above 15K. Another kind is the digital part, in the general direction can be divided into 51/arm single-chip computer class, DSP class, FPGA class, the domestic FPGA engineers mostly in the IC design company engaged in IP core front-end verification, this part does not get the door level, the future is not too clear, even if an IC front-end verification engineer, It will take a few years to be competent. DSP hardware Interface Comparison training, if not to drive or algorithm on the closer, the future is not too big. and arm single-chip class content is more, industry products accounted for a large number of applications, so the employment space is great, and hardware design embodies the level and standard is the interface design this piece, this is the various senior hardware engineers mutual PK, determine the level of the basis. and interface design This piece of the most critical is to look at the timing, rather than a simple connection, such as PXA255 processor I 2C required speed at 100Kbps, if an i²c peripheral device, up to 100kbps to meet with it, will inevitably lead to design failure. This is a lot of situations, such as 51 single-chip computer can be connected to the LCD, but why this LCD can not be hung on the arm of the bus, there is a ARM7 bus on the external Winband SD card controller, but why this controller does not connect to the ARM9 or XScale processor, These are all problems. Therefore, the interface is not a simple connection, depends on the timing, depends on the parameters. A good hardware engineer should be able to design a product that is more cost-and performance-based without a reference scheme, depending on the existing solution, but also to the appropriate feasibility of cutting, but not random, I met an engineer who switched the 5V 1.8V DC chip in the scheme to an ldo, sometimes burning a few CPUs. A few days ago, someone wanted me to help them. Based on the PXA255 platform of the handheld GPS device to do the optimization, I asked the situation, the map is present in the SD card, and the SD card and the PXA255 MMC controller used between the SPI interface, so that the map read speed is very slow,    This is a serious flaw in design, not a problem with the program, so I made a few suggestions for them to update and try again. So want to become a good engineer, need to grasp the integrity of the system and understanding of the existing circuit, in other words, give you a circuit diagram you can finally see how much,If you don't understand 80% or more, you are far from being a good engineer. The second is the circuit debugging ability and the ability to review the map, but the most basic ability or schematic design PCB drawing, logic design this piece. This refers to the hardware design engineer, from the above hardware design engineers can also be separated from the ECAD engineer, is a professional painting PCB board engineers, and EMC design engineers, to help others solve EMC problems. Hardware engineer to the top is a board-level test engineer, is a good C language hardware engineer, in the circuit board debugging process through the self-written test program to verify the hardware function.    And then to the OS-based driver developers. In short, the hardware of a lot of content is miscellaneous, hardware that aspect to become a master, I often give people to do the next program evaluation, a lot of senior hardware engineer design things, often I a word negative, so engineers do I this point, will offend some people, but the hardware will have a lot of things not known,    So many senior hardware engineers can not touch the brain. So the senior Hardware engineer technical skills to have those things, first of all to grasp the EDA design of auxiliary tools such as Protel\orcad\powperpcb\maplux2\ise, VDHL language, to be able to use these tools to draw the drawing board to do logical design,    Then there is the interface design review, and the ability to debug, and if you can go to the overall plan design this piece, it is basically quickly become a senior engineer.    Hardware is to rely on experience, but also by accumulating, ten years to grind a sword, a century grinding a needle. What I wanted to write one months ago is finally finished in the morning, hoping to help engineers and students who love the development of embedded systems.

In the second chapter, it is more detailed. "Hardware engineers want to learn something."

What hardware engineers need to learn 1) basic Design specifications 2) CPU basic knowledge, architecture, performance and selection Guidance 3) MOTOROLA's PowerPC series basic knowledge, performance and Selection Guide 4) network processor (INTEL, MOTOROLA, IBM) basic knowledge, Architecture, performance and Selection 5) basic knowledge and performance of common bus 6) detailed performance introduction of various memory, design key points and selection 7) datacom, telecom field common physical layer interface chip basic knowledge, performance, design key points and selection 8) common Device Selection Essentials and Essence 9) FPGA, CPLD, Epld detailed performance introduction, Design Essentials and Selection Guide) VHDL and Verilog HDL introduction 11) Network Foundation 12) The domestic large-scale communication equipment company hardware research and development process; The most popular EDA tools guide to mastering and using the industry's newest and most popular professional design tools 1) Innoveda Company's viewdraw,powerpcb,cam3502) Cadence Company's OrCAD, ALLEGRO,SPECTRA3) Altera Max+plus II4) learns to use tools such as Viewdraw, ORCAD, POWERPCB, Specctra, ALLEGRO, CAM350, Max+plus II, ISE, foundation, etc.; 5) Foundation of Xilinx Corporation, Ise one. Hardware overall Design Master hardware design must have experience and design ideas 1) product Requirements Analysis 2) Development Feasibility Analysis 3) System Plan Research 4) Overall architecture, CPU selection, bus type 5) data communication and telecommunications mainstream cpu:m68k series, PowerPC860, powerpc8240,8260 architecture, performance and comparison; 6) overall hardware structure design and problems to be noticed; 7) communication interface Type selection 8) Task decomposition 9) minimum system design; PCI bus knowledge and specification; 11) How to avoid fatal errors in the overall design phase; 12) How to perform the task decomposition reasonably to achieve a multiplier effect? 13) Project case: Medium and low-end routers, etc. two. Hardware schematic design technical purpose: Through the specific project case, detailed schematic design of all the experience, Design essentials and Essence revealed. 1) Principle design experience and essence of mainstream CPU (m68k,powerpc860,8240,8260, etc.) in telecommunication and data communication field; 2) Intel company PC motherboard schematic Design essence 3) network processor principle design experience and essence; 4) The Design experience and essence of bus structure principle; 5) memory system principle design experience and fineChina; 6) experience and essence of principle design of general physical layer interface in data communication and telecommunication field; 7) The principle design experience and essence of the common watchdog of Telecommunication and data communication equipment; 8) The design experience and the essence of the electric Plug and draw principle of the telecommunication and data communication equipment system; 9) The experience and essence of the principle design of crystal oscillator and clock system; 11) Project case: Medium and Low-end routers, etc. three. Hardware PCB Design Purpose: Through the specific project case, PCB design all the experience revealed, so you quickly grow into a good hardware engineer 1) high-speed CPU board PCB design experience and essence; 2) common PCB design Essentials and Essence 3) Motorola's PowerPC series of PCB Design Essence 4) Intel Corporation PC motherboard PCB Design essence 5) PC motherboard, IPC motherboard, telecommunications equipment motherboard PCB design experience, 6) domestic famous communication company PCB design specifications and workflow; 7) PCB design in the production, processing technology requirements; 8) transmission line problem in high-speed PCB design; 9) PCB Design experience and essence of mainstream CPU (PowerPC series) in telecommunication and data communication; 10) General Physical layer Interface (Gigabit, Gigabit Ethernet, ATM, etc.) in the field of telecommunications and data communications PCB design experience and essence; 11) PCB Design experience and essence of network processor; the topological structure of PCB step is extremely important; the PCB design experience and essence of PCI step line; SDRAM, DDR SDRAM (125/ 133MHZ) PCB design experience and essence; 15) Project case: Mid-end router PCB design four. Hardware Debug Purpose: To specific project cases, teaching hardware debugging, testing experience and points 1) hardware debugging is equivalent to black-box debugging, how to quickly analyze and solve problems? 2) extensive commissioning experience; 3) How to speed up the hardware debugging process 4) How to quickly solve the hardware debugging problems 5) Datacom Terminal Equipment CE test requirements five. Hardware and software Joint debugging 1) How to determine the software is wrong? 2) How to perform joint debugging with the software? 3) A large number of joint commissioning experience of the teaching;

These two articles will be fine, but a look, the head is big, so much, self-induction as follows

It's just the two parts of the foundation and the Ascension

Basic part:

1. Component options, schematic design.

2. Commonly used EDA software. For example Pcb,protel\orcad\powperpcb\maplux2\ise General PCB board engineer and EMC engineer to do these divisions

Promotion section: 51/ARM,DSP,FPGA can be learned.

　

　

What hardware engineers want to learn