Which programming language has the highest heat?

First, the authors say the data from this analysis are mainly derived from GitHub Archive and ghtorrent. By analyzing more than 1.25 billion events (including push new code, fork, star, issue processing, etc.) in 7500w+ different warehouses on the GitHub Archive, he calculates the MAU of each language (the number of active users per month). Detailed analysis of the description can be viewed: https://github.com/benfred/github-analysis/#inferring-languages
Take a look at the overall data, as of January 24, 2018, by counting the activity of active users on GitHub, the results for each language are as follows (Top 25):

Overall rankings are interesting, but we should get an insight into how these languages evolve over time (the data goes back 7 of years).
Mainstream programming languages

As you can see, mainstream programming languages have a relatively stable user base, and most of them are predictable.
JavaScript, Python, Java, C + +, and C have gained momentum for more than 7 years from tracked data, so it's not going to change in the near term.
JavaScript keeps its "faucet" status understandable because it's basically a language that all programmers need to use.
Over time, however, Python's users have become more and more, and have recently overtaken Java as the second-most popular programming language on GitHub. Much of Python's growth seems to come from developers ' interest in machine learning. In fact, the overall popularity of Python may be underestimated here (more likely later).
C + + also seems to be going beyond the status of C, which is also based, such as GCC projects have been converted from C to C + +, in order to use some of the features of C + +. Because C + + is essentially a superset of C, the GCC team found that using a limited subset of C + + allows them to write cleaner code.
Programming languages to learn in the 2018
The best way to observe this trend in programming languages is to identify emerging programming languages with fast-growing groups of users:

Obviously, the fastest growing user groups are: Go,typescript,kotlin and rust.
The author says he has also been studying go and typescript for the past few weeks. He found that go was really useful for writing concurrent server-side programs, and that after a few weeks of using typescript, he might not be ready to use JavaScript anymore.
Kotlin's rise is understandable, Kotlin is primarily used for Android application development, and after being announced as the official support language for Android development, look at the slope changes in the graph.
For rust, the growth here is slower than in other languages, but there are still a lot of amazing projects. The authors recommend two two projects written in rust-the sampling analyzer for Ruby and the autodifferentiation framework.
In fact, all these languages have one thing in common, and behind them are big companies supporting them. As Google is on go, Microsoft's typescript,jetbrains to Kotlin,mozilla to rust. It takes a lot of effort to successfully promote a new language-at least it is not enough to develop an elegant language, but to broaden the communities and ecosystems behind the language. Libraries and packages, tools, and documents for common tasks, such as IDE support, are important for users to use a language, and require a great deal of effort.
A language that appears to be declining

Over the past 7 years, the proportion of Ruby,php,objective-c,coffeescript and Perl users on GitHub has declined significantly.
It is noteworthy, however, that this data is derived as a percentage of the GitHub user base, while the number of GitHub users is growing rapidly. Over the past 7 years, GitHub's users have grown by more than 20 times times. This means that even the language of declining market share may have a growing user base.

In this way, compared to 2011, the number of active users using Ruby language has exceeded 3 times times. Its growth is not as fast as other languages, causing it to perform relatively poorly in this analysis.
Also note that some newer languages seem to be eating away at the user base of the old version. For example, the decline in Objective-c users corresponds to the rise of Swift. In addition, Coffeescript seems to have been replaced by typescript:

Although Objective-c is slipping, iOS development as a whole is relatively stable. Similarly, Coffeescript seems to have paved the way for typescript because it makes programmers accustomed to compiling code into JavaScript.
Functional programming languages

The authors say there are relatively few data here and there are more distractions in the rankings, and he does not believe Clojure and Haskell will have such a noticeable decline over time. The language of elixir is worthy of attention, though it has not been ranked in the top 25.
The author also analyzes the language used in the field of science, and the details can be viewed in the text. The authors also say future tracking of programming language popularity will refer to other data, such as the TIOBE Index, the label trend chart on the Stack Overflow, GitHub octoverse, and so on.
Finally, Reddit post in the reply, a user gave their own statistics to compare the reference, he counted the top ten Reddit the most popular programming language subreddits number (subreddits is Reddit in the sub-section, Users can subscribe to their own interests and needs):
Python-213594
JavaScript-199592
Java-81241
PHP-58794
C + +-58788
C #-52103
Go-39529
Ruby-38405
Rust-33124

C-32351

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------