[Writing] Beginner QuickStart Disassembly (ii)-Play assembly instruction + register

The world of Classification of goods is clear and beautiful, and so is the assembly:
From the perspective of Use: assembly instructions are broadly divided into
1. Data transfer
2. Arithmetic and logic (bitwise) Operations
3. Program Flow Control

What is the data transfer instruction?
mov-moving a data from one place to another;
xchg-Exchange Two data
push-pushes a data into the stack (i.e. stack)
pop-pops a data from the stack to its destination, for example:
POP EAX
What is EAX?
The classmate said well, EAX is where we store the data. Where do we get our data on the CPU?
Since the previous computer did not have a hard disk, there were only two main components CPU and memory. Our operation instructions are actually CPU and memory operation, CPU is composed of execution unit and address adder and cache, etc.
Cache access is very fast, and directly connected to the CPU, they are in the 32-bit CPU, respectively:
1. EAX
2. ECX
3. EDX
4. EBX
5. ESP
6. EBP
7. ESI
8. EDI
9. EIP
Ten. EFL

and a es,cs,ss,ds,fs,gs.