Yum configuration and use (detailed)

There are two methods to configure yum. One is to directly configure Yum under the/etc directory. CONF file, the other is in/etc/yum. repos. d directory. repo file.
1. Yum configuration file

$ CAT/etc/yum. conf

[Main]
Cachedir =/var/Cache/Yum # cache directory of the RPM package downloaded by yum
Keepcache = 0 # Whether the cache is saved, 1 is saved, and 0 is not saved.
Debuglevel = 2 # debug level (0-10). The default value is 2 (I do not know the specific debug level application ).
Logfile =/var/log/yum. log # location of the yum Log File
Exactarch = 1 # When updating, whether to allow updating RPM packages of different versions, such as whether to update i686 RPM packages on i386.
Obsoletes = 1 # This is an update parameter. For more information, see Yum (8). In short, it is equivalent to upgrade, which allows you to update outdated RPM packages.
Gpgcheck = 1 # Whether to check GPG (GNU Private Guard), a key signature.
Plugins = 1 # whether to allow the use of plug-ins. The default value is 0, but we generally use the Yum-fastestmirror plug-in.
Installonly_limit = 3 # How many kernel packages can be retained.
Exclude = SELinux * # block RPM packages that do not want to be updated. Wildcards are available. Separate multiple RPM packages with spaces.
# This is the default, if you make this bigger Yum won't see if the metadata
# Is newer on the remote and so you'll "gain" the bandwidth of not having
# Download the new metadata and "pay" for it by Yum not having correct
# Information.
# It is ESP. Important, to have correct metadata, for distributions like
# Fedora which don't keep old packages around. If you don't like this checking
# Interupting your command line usage, it's much better to have something
# Manually check the metadata once an hour (Yum-updatesd will do this ).
# Metadata_expire = 90 m
# Put your repos here or in separate files named file. Repo
# In/etc/yum. Repos. d

 Ii. *. Detailed description of the repo FileWhat is a repo file? The repo file is in fedora.YumSource (Software warehouse)ConfigurationFile, usually a repo file defines one or more software RepositoriesDetailsContent, such as where to download the requiredInstallOr the configuration content in the repo file will be read and applied by yum in the upgraded software package!
We will use a repo file that comes with the system as an example (# is followed by a comment I added ):

[Fedora]# The Name Of The software source is in square brackets and will be obtained and recognized by yum.

Name = fedora $ releasever-$ basearch # The Name Of The software repository is also defined here, which is usually used to facilitate reading the configuration file. Generally, the $ releasever variable defines the release version, which is usually 8, 9, 10, and other numbers, $ basearch defines the system architecture, which can be i386, x86_64, or PPC equivalent. These two variables have different values depending on the current system version architecture, this allows you to select a software package suitable for the current system during Yum upgrade ......
Failovermethod = Priority# Failovermethod has two values to choose from. Priority is the default value, indicating that the image server address is selected sequentially from the listed baseurl. roundrobin indicates that the image server is randomly selected from the listed server.
Exclude = compiz ** compiz * fusion-Icon * # The exclude option was added by myself later. It is used to prohibit installation and update of some software packages in the software repository. Wildcards can be used and separated by spaces. You can add them as needed.
# Baseurl = Signature/
# The first character of the above line of baseurl is '#', indicating that the line has been commented and will not be read. This line means specifying a baseurl (the source image server address)
# Items list = http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist? Repo = fedora-$ releasever & arch = $ basearch
# The above line specifies the address list of an image server, which is usually enabled. In this example, the annotation symbol is disabled. We can try it, replace $ releasever and $ basearch with their own version and architecture, such as 10 and i386. Open the browser and we will see a long list of available mirror server addresses.
Copy and paste the image server address with faster access speed to the repo file to get a faster update speed, as shown in the following baseurl:
Baseurl =
Ftp://ftp.sfc.wide.ad.jp/pub/Linux/Fedora/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS
Http://ftp.chg.ru/pub/Linux/fedora/linux/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS
Http://ftp.yz.yamagata-u.ac.jp/pub/linux/fedora/linux/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS
Http://mirror.nus.edu.sg/fedora/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS
Http://mirror.yandex.ru/fedora/linux/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS
Http://ftp.twaren.net/Linux/Fedora/linux/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS
Http://ftp.itu.edu.tr/Mirror/Fedora/linux/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS

Enabled = 1# This option indicates that the source defined in this repo is enabled, and 0 indicates disabled.
Gpgcheck = 1# This option indicates that the RPM downloaded in this repo will undergo GPG verification. It has been determined that the RPM package source is valid and safe.
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-fedora-$ basearch# Define the GPG key used for verification

# The following software repositories are basically unavailable.
[Fedora-debuginfo]
Name = fedora $ releasever-$ basearch-Debug
Failovermethod = Priority
# Baseurl = Signature/
Using list = http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist? Repo = fedora-debug-$ releasever & arch = $ basearch
Enabled = 0
Gpgcheck = 1
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-fedora-$ basearch

[Fedora-source]
Name = fedora $ releasever-Source
Failovermethod = Priority
# Baseurl = Signature/
Using list = http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist? Repo = fedora-source-$ releasever & arch = $ basearch
Enabled = 0
Gpgcheck = 1
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-fedora-$ basearch

 

 

The above is reproduced from:
Http://hi.baidu.com/%CE%AA%B0%AExxx/blog/item/ba40f75157f8ec878c54308d.html also, the options for Yum can be man:
List of commands: Check-Update Check for available package upgrades
Clean deletes cached data
Deplist list package Dependencies
Erase remove one or more packages from your system
Groupinfo displays details about the group
Groupinstall install the software package from the group to your system
Grouplist: list the current group
Groupremove remove package from your system in a group
Help display help usage information
Info displays details about a package or a group of packages
Install install one or more software packages on your system
List list a package or a group of packages
Localinstall install local rpm
Makecache generates the original data cache
Provides find what package provides the given value
Reinstall to reinstall a package
Repolist displays software repository configurations
Resolvedep determines which package provides the specified dependency
Search for the package details in the given string
Shell runs interactive Yum Shell
Update updates one or more packages in your system
Upgrade update packages taking obsoletes into account
Options:
-H, -- help show this help message and exit
-T, -- tolerant be tolerant of errors
-C runs from the buffer instead of upgrading the cache
-C [config file] Config File Location
-R [minutes]: Maximum command wait time
-D [debug level] debug output level
-- Showduplicates: Display and copy, under the repo, list/SEARCH Command
-E [error level] Error output level
-Q, -- Quiet quiet operation
-V, -- verbose operation
-Y: Yes.
-- Version: displays the yum version information and exits.
-- Installroot = [path] is set to root for installation.
-- Enablerepo = [repo] activates one or more repositories (Wildcards are supported)
-- Disablerepo = [repo] disable one or more repositories (Wildcards are supported)
-X [Package], -- exclude = [Package] does not contain a package in the name or glob.
-- Disableexcludes = [repo] disable exclude from main, for a repo or for everything
-- Obsoletes enable obsoletes processing during updates
-- Noplugins disable Yum plug-ins
-- Nogpgcheck: Disable GPG Verification
-- Disableplugin = [plugin] disable the plug-in with the name
-- Enableplugin = [plugin] Enable plugins by name
-- Skip-broken: Ignore the package dependency
-- Color = color control whether color is usedyum Configuration:
1. Add the Shanghai Stock Exchange source to fedora10:
Create a SJTU. Repo file and copy the following content and save it: [Fedora-ftp.sjtu.edu.cn]
Name = fedora 10-i386
Base url = http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/fedora/linux/releases/10/Fedora/i386/ OS/
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 0
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-fedora file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG/RPM-GPG-KEY
Everything-ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
Name = everything 10-i386
Base url = http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/fedora/linux/releases/10/Everything/i386/ OS/
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 0
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-fedora file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG/RPM-GPG-KEY
Updates-ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
Name = fedora updates
Base url = http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/fedora/linux/updates/10/i386/
Enabled = 1
Gpgcheck = 0
Gpgkey = file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-fedora file: // etc/pki/rpm-GPG/RPM-GPG-KEY and then put the file: SJTU. repo
In the/etc/yum. Repos. d directory
Then run: Yum makecache on the terminal.

2. Install Axel
The easiest way is to download the RPM package, download Axel and Yum-axelget to the local, and then execute: Yum-nogpgcheck localinstall axel-2.3.1.fc10.i386.rpm
Yum-nogpgcheck localinstall Yum-axelget-. 0-0.2.20080705.fc10.noarch.rpm is used to download the axel file or package, which can be divided into 10 parts and downloaded at the same time.
3. Install the fastest image plugin Yum install Yum-fastestmirror 4. Install the acceleration plugin
This plug-in provides faster and smaller downloads for Fedora users. It only downloads the updated part of the RPM installation package, rather than the entire RPM package. The acceleration plug-in is planned to be included in fedora11. To install, enter: Yum install Yum-Presto and edit the/etc/yum. Repos. d/fedora-updates.repo file gedit/etc/yum. Repos. d/fedora-updates.repo will

Using list = http://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/mirrorlist? Repo = updates-released-F $ releasever & Arch = $ Basearch

Comment out this line (add # In front), and then add the following line under it:

Using list = http://presto-mirrors.anmar.eu.org/mirrorlist? Repo = updates-released-F $ releasever & Arch = $ Basearch

Save and exit.
5. occasionally, when downloading, the fastest image plug-in is incorrect, if you are in a hurry, you can feel that the progress bar has not been moved for half a day during its download, or you still have a long time remaining to choose to interrupt the download of this source, CTRL + C, then Yum automatically starts downloading updates from other sources.
the above Article from:
http://www.fedora.cc/index.php/2009/04/fedora-10-yum-peizhi/ build practical fedora 10 and practical configuration after installation of Fedora 10 I am using fedora 10 x86_64-bit edition! Therefore, the x86_64-bit version is used as an example.

1. install third-party software sources:
Fedora 8, 9 or 10:
Su-C 'rpm-uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm license'
Note: (RPM fusion has been officially started. To put it simply, RPM fusion is a software package repository provided for fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux users. If you cannot find the software you want to install in the official repository, do not be discouraged. You may find it through RPM fusion. The new RPM fusion combines the original software package repositories, such as dribble, freshrpms, and livna, to become the largest third-party software package repository. With the RPM fusion package repository, you will find the ATI/NVIDIA graphics card driver, private audio/video encoding/decoder, games, simulators, and other software packages .)

Ii. Install Yum-plugin-fastestmirror (automatically select a fast image site)
Su-C 'yum install Yum-fastestmirror '(Note: Check whether Plugins in/etc/yum. conf are set to 1 !)

3. Install yumex (YUM graphics front-end)
Su-C 'yum install yumex'

4. upgrade the system as a whole.
Su-C 'yum Update'

V. graphics card driver

1. Install the nvida graphics card driver
Su-C 'yum install kmod-NVIDIA '(Note: I am using this, and my video card is 8400gs mobile !)

Geforce 6, 7, 8, 9 & 200 series graphics cards
Su-C 'yum install kmod-NVIDIA xorg-x11-drv-nvidia xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs'
Geforce FX graphics card
Su-C 'yum install kmod-nvidia-173xx xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-173xx xorg-x11-drv-
Nvidia-173xx-libs'
Geforce 4 graphics card
Su-C 'yum install kmod-nvidia-96xx xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-96xx xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-96xx-
Libs'
(Note: After restarting, you can see the NVIDIA logo on the screen)

2. Install the driver of the ATI Video Card (I am not a ATI user, so I didn't write it !)

Vi. Applicable settings
1. Open a folder in the same window
Choose system> preference> personal> file management, and select always open in browser window on the behavior tab.

2. Access Windows Partition
The fedora 10 ntfs-3g is installed by default and you can have read/write permissions directly on NTFS.
If you want to enable/disable External and/or internal device write support by clicking twice with the mouse, you can install the NTFS-config Configuration tool.
Su-C 'yum install NTFS-config'
You will find it in system> Management> NTFS Configuration tool.

3. Install openjre or openjdk
Run the following command to install openjre:
Su-C 'yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk'
If you are a Java developer installing openjdk, run the following command:
Su-C 'yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk-devel'
If you want to install all openjdk 6 packages, run the following command:
Su-C 'yum install java-1.6.0-openjdk *'

VII. ApplicationProgram
1. Installing RAR compression supports unrar
Su-C 'yum install unrar'

2. Install CHM Reader
Su-C 'yum install gnochm'

3. Configure Firefox to install the flash plug-in
(Note: Choose one between the two on OK, if you are a x86-64 BIT system, I suggest you install x86-64 bit flash plug-in)
(1) install the 32-bit flash plug-in
First, you must install the Adobe software repository.
Su
Rpm-IVH http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/linux/i386/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
Rpm-import/etc/pki/rpm-GPG-key-Adobe-Linux
Next, open the terminal and enter:
Su-C 'yum install flash-plugin'
After that, restart Firefox and open the tool --> additional components --> plug-in. You can see shockwave in the plug-in list.
Flash plug-in.

(2) install the flash plug-in x86-64 bit
x86-64 bit flash plug-in (64-bit is still a test version, but the use is still quite good, I am using, only Tudou is inaccessible.)
Adobe finally released the 64-bit flash player. Although this is an alpha version, it is very stable. To download the 64-bit Flash Player Plug-in, decompress and paste the library file to the Firefox plug-in directory. (/Home/orientsun/. Mozilla/plugins) orientsun is the target user. You only need to change it to your username.
: http://download.macromedia.com/pub/labs/flashplayer10/libflashplayer-10.0.d20.7.linux-x86_64.so.tar.gz
tar-zxf libflashplayer-10.0.d20.7.linux-x86_64.so.tar.gz
Su-C' mv ~ /. Mozilla/plugins '
if you used nspluginwrapper and 32-bit flash players, you must first delete them.
Su-C 'yum remove flash-plugin nspluginwrapper. {i386, x86_64} pulseaudio-libs.i386 '

4. Install Skype
It is best to install Skype through the software repository of Skype, because this is the simplest and most convenient, open the terminal input:
Su-C 'gedit/etc/yum. Repos. d/Skype. repo'
Copy the following lines in this file:
[Skype]
Name = Skype Repository
Base url = http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/fedora/updates/i586/
Enabled = 1
Gpgkey = http://www.skype.com/products/skype/linux/rpm-public-key.asc
Gpgcheck = 0
Then you can install or upgrade Skype freely.
Su-C 'yum install Skype'
Su-C 'yum update Skype'

5. Google Earth)
Please visit this page http://earth.google.com/download-earth.html to download googleearthlinux. BIN file, then open the terminal to enter the directory you save the file, the default download directory is ~ /Download. Run the following command to install it:
Su-C 'sh googleearthlinux. bin'
Then you can find it in the Application --> Internet --> Google Earth. Please note that you must install the graphics card driver to make it run better.

6. Install the BT download software Azureus)
Su-C 'yum install azureus'

8. Configure multimedia
1. Audio Playback:
(1) install audacious
Su-C 'yum install audacious-plugins-freeworld -*'
If you want to add an MP3 file to the playing queue when double-clicking it, follow these steps:
Su-C 'gedit/usr/share/applications/fedora-audacious.desktop'
Change exec = audacious to Exec = audacious-e

(2) install rhythmbox
Su-C 'yum install gstreamer rhythmbox'
Support input for MP3 and other audios:
Su-C 'yum install gstreamer-plugins-Good gstreamer-plugins-bad gstreamer-plugins-ugg'

2. DVD and video playback:
(1) DVD playback
To play a DVD, you should install the appropriate decoder:
Su-C 'yum install libdvdread libdvdna v lsdvd'

(2) video file playback
Su-C 'yum install FFMPEG-libs gstreamer-FFMPEG libmatrosca xvidcore'

(3) toora10 has totem installed. If you want to use it for DVD, enter:
Su-C 'yum install totem-xine totem-gstreamer xine-Lib-extras-freeworld'

(4) mplayer/smplayer
I like this player. It supports almost all video formats and subtitles. If you have installed the decoder mentioned above:
Su-C 'yum install mplayer smplayer'

(5), VLC
VLC supports almost all video formats without the need to install additional decoder:
Su-C 'yum install VLC'

(6) kaffeine
Kaffeine is another KDE media player that uses the xine engine:
Su-C 'yum install kaffeine xine-lib xine-Lib-extras-freeworld'
(Note: x86_64 bit to solve the RM playing format, please download to the http://www.mplayerhq.hu/MPlayer/releases/codecs/essential-amd64-20071007.tar.bz2, decompress the copy to/usr/lib64/codecs; so that later you can use smplayer Or totem to play RM)

(7) avidemux (Multimedia editor)
Avidemux is a good multimedia editor. Installation input:
Su-C 'yum install avidemux'
(Note: it can be found in "Application-> sound and video-> avidemux Video Editor .)

9. Install wine
Su-C 'yum install wine' (the successfully installed version is not the latest wine-1.1.9. To use the latest version, use the following command to upgrade it .)
Su-C 'yum -- enablerepo = updates-testing upgrade wine'
Su-C 'rm-fr ~ /. Wine' (delete the old configuration file)

10. Desktop effects (Make Your fedora10 more beautiful)
Compiz needs to directly render the technology to work normally. Check whether you have installed direct rendering and enter the following command:
Glxinfo | grep direct
If you see direct rendering: Yes, you can continue to install the compiz package.
After one week of testing, I suggest you install the official package. (Select an installation option from the official and unofficial installation packages)

1. * official installation package
Su-C 'yum remove compiz'
Rm-RF ~ /. Gconf/apps/compiz
Su-C 'yum install compiz-fusion-gnome compiz-fusion-extras-gnome compizconfig-backend-gconf compiz-manager gnome-compiz-manager ccsm fusion-Icon fusion-icon-GTK emerald-themes'

2. * Unofficial package
(1 ). install the compiz-fusion-release RPM (you need wget installed I. E Yum install wget)
(install a third-party source before installation, run the following command:
su
wget http://www.linux-ati-drivers.homecall.co.uk/compiz-fusion-release-1-6.noarch.rpm
rpm-uvh compiz-fusion-release-1-6.noarch.rpm
RM-F compiz-fusion-release-1-6.noarch.rpm

(2). Install compiz-fusion (you will need to remove the fedora compiz packages first and
Delete the old compiz configuration files/home/username/. gconf/apps/compiz)
(Note: The command to delete the configuration files of compiz and compiz is as follows :)
Su-C 'yum remove compiz'
Rm-RF ~ /. Gconf/apps/compiz
Run the following command to start installation!
Su
Yum install compiz-gnome fusion-icon-GTK compiz-fusion-plugins-unsupported compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-bcop ccsm emerald-themes compizconfig-backend-gconf

3. Add automatic start:
Go to system> preferences> personal> session, click Add, and enter:
Name: Fusion icon
Command: Fusion-icon
Note: compiz-fusion desktop special effect application

My desktop:

From: http://hi.baidu.com/orientsun/blog/item/7263244eddd0ef0eb3de05a3.html