: Word paper layout skills

 

Word thesis layout: Chaos's space:-by chaos-

The layout of the paper is a headache for many people, especially when the paper needs to be modified multiple times. This article will provide you with some skills to use Microsoft Word to typeset your papers, making them easier and easier, in order to focus more on the content of the paper, rather than the arrangement of text. These skills can be used not only in thesis writing, but also in other documents.

I. Create a header and footer

First, we will introduce a concept: section. The "section" here is different from the chapter in the paper, but it is similar in concept. Section is a continuous document block, the page of the same section has the same margin, paper type or direction, printer paper source, page border, vertical alignment, header and footer, column, page number arrangement, line number and footer, and tail note. If no Delimiter is inserted, only one section of a Word document is inserted by default. All pages belong to this section. To set different headers and footers for a page, you must divide the document into multiple sections.

In this paper, the page of the same chapter uses the Chapter title as the header, and the page headers of different chapters are different. This can be achieved through each chapter as a section, each section sets the header and footer independently.

First, we will introduce how to create a header. After the text in each chapter is arranged, set the header (View menu> header and footer) in the first chapter ). Next, jump to the end of chapter 1, select "Insert> separator" on the menu bar, and select "Next" for the separator type ", do not select "continuous" (unless you want the title of Chapter 2 to be placed behind the text of Chapter 1 rather than a new page ), select "odd page" or "Even page" based on the situation in case of parity page layout ". In this way, a subscriber is inserted in the place where the cursor is located. The text below the subscriber belongs to another section.

Move the cursor to the second chapter. You can see that the header in the second chapter is the same as that in the first chapter. Double-click the header and word to bring up the header and footer toolbar, there is a "Same as the front" button on the toolbar (image button, not text ),

Press this button to indicate that the headers in this section are the same as those in the previous section. What we need is that the headers in each chapter are independent of each other, therefore, adjust the button to the "Pop Up" status (the text in the same prompt will disappear as the previous section), modify the header to the title of Chapter 2, and then close the toolbar. For example, create the headers of other chapters.

The footer creation method is relatively simple. The footer of the thesis page is only the page number, which must be numbered from the body. However, there are still pages, authorization statements, Chinese and English summaries, and directories before the body, which do not need to be edited, the page number starts from Chapter 1 of the body. First, confirm that the first chapter of the body and the Directory do not belong to the same section. Next, move the cursor to the first chapter, click "View> header and footer" to bring up the header and footer toolbar, switch to the footer, make sure the "Same as before" button is in the pop-up status, insert the page number, in this way, no page number is displayed before the body, and the page number starts from Chapter 1.

Note:

By default, the built-in style "Header" is used for headers and paragraphs, while the footer is in the "footer" style, and the page number is in the built-in character style "page number ". If the font size of the header and footer does not meet the requirements, modify these styles and update them automatically. You do not need to manually modify the header and footer of each chapter.

In the paper, the header uses the title of the chapter, you can use the title of the chapter to make a bookmarkdonefile, and then submit the * Reference Method in the header to maintain the consistency between the two.

Ii. Automatic Number of charts

In the thesis writing, the graph and table must be numbered according to the chapter, for example, Figure 1.6 and table 4.7. The automatic number of the chart can use the word question note function. Word provides chart labels and table labels. A chart is also a chart label.

Operation Procedure: Insert menu → reference → question note, select the chart label, and the number can contain the chapter number. This requires the chapter number to be connected to a project label, refer to the project number settings. The chapter number is important. When the numbers of other sections are connected to the upper-layer numbers, all sections, charts, and tables can be automatically numbered. Add tags not included in the question note, and insert tags according to OK. In this case, you need to type a graph before the tags in the body. You only need to select a table from the tag.
Generally, you only need to create one tag. You can copy the tag directly, paste it to the specified position, and select the tag to update the domain. for a large number of tags, copy all the files first, and then press the CTL + A shortcut key to select all the files. Right-click the number in the tag field and select the update field to update all the files, or you can insert a question note somewhere else to automatically update the question. The simplest way is to press Ctrl + A to select all and press F9 to update the domain.
For charts, you need to use the reference ** reference function: Insert menu → reference → submit * Reference. For the reference type, select the label of the chart, select "only tags and numbers" for the annotation content to insert the reference.

Image Combination
In word, if there are too many images on one page, you will run around and cannot find the location. You can use the word combination function to combine all images.
(1) set the attributes of all images → set the image format → layout → move above the text
(2) Right-click and select all images
(3) set the combined Image Layout to embedded or other required layout.
The image cannot be combined if it is not captured and floating above the text. After the image is floating above the text, it can be combined with various images of word painting.

Iii. Automatic formula numbering
Use the formula editor mathtype to automatically Insert the formula number. Currently, the formula is 5.2. The word formula editor is actually an earlier version of mathtype, but it is not easy to use. After the mathtype is installed (you must first install the office and then install mathtype; otherwise, you will not recognize it), there will be a toolbar and menu in the word, as needed. The formula numbers and numbers are directly referenced on the toolbar. different chapters require different numbers. You can insert chapter and section numbers at the beginning of the chapter. (Note: if the number is continuous, select "new chapter number", and the chapter number will be automatically continued, which is easy to modify). Generally, you only need to follow the chapter number, so you can insert the chapter number, you should insert it in the number of the first formula in the body to facilitate search. Do not place it in the title. Otherwise, you must manually delete the directory when it is automatically generated.

To reference a formula number, you only need to place the cursor where it is to be referenced, click "insert equation reference", and double-click the number generated by the formula editor.
In addition, mathtype has an "insert right-numbered display equation" button. You can insert formulas and formula numbers directly, center formulas, and align numbers right.

Iv. Directory Creation

A directory is used to list titles at all levels of a document and the corresponding page numbers of titles in the document. First, we will introduce the concept of word: outline level. Word uses a hierarchical structure to organize documents. The outline level is the level Number of the section level. Word provides 9 levels of outline level, which is sufficient for general documents. Word directory extraction is based on the outline level and paragraph style. In the normal template, you have provided a built-in title style named "Title 1", "title 2 ",..., "Title 9", corresponding to the outline level 1-9. We can also use a custom style without using the built-in title style, but it is a little troublesome. The Directory Creation Method in the following section uses the built-in title style of word directly, for more information about how to customize styles, see the help document of Word (View menu> document structure: displays the same document structure as the directory structure to be generated ).
Directory creation is divided into three steps.
1) Modify the title style format. Generally, the title style built in the word does not meet the paper format requirements and needs to be manually modified. On the menu bar, click "style", select "all styles" from the drop-down list, click the corresponding title style, and click "change ". The editable content includes the font, paragraph, tabulation, and number. You can modify the format of the Title 1-3 according to the format requirements of the paper.
2) apply the corresponding format to the title section of each chapter. The title of the chapter uses the "Title 1" style, the title of the section uses "title 2", and the title of the third level uses "Title 3 ". Another advantage of using styles to set the title format is that it is very convenient to change the title format. If you want to change the font size of all level 1 titles to three, you only need to change the format settings of the "Title 1" style, and then automatically update the font size of all Chapter titles to three, you do not need to manually modify them one by one, which is troublesome and error-prone. For more information about how to apply styles and automatically update styles, see the word help.
3) extract the directory. As required by the paper format, the directory is placed before the body. Insert a new page before the body (insert a paging character before the title of the first chapter), move the cursor to the beginning of the new page, add the word "directory", and set the format. Click "Insert> reference> index and directory" on the menu bar, click the "directory" tab, and set "display level" to three levels. You do not need to change other levels, after confirming, the word will automatically generate a directory. If the title of a section is not in the directory, the title style is not used or improperly used. If the word directory is not generated, check the corresponding section. If the title or page number of a chapter changes, you only need to update the directory.
Note: After a directory is generated, sometimes the directory text will have a gray background, which is the domain background of the word and will not be printed during printing. On the "View" tab of "tool setting options", you can set the display mode of the domain shading.

V. References

It is best to use endnote9.0 for reference documentation tagging. It supports Chinese characters and is automatically updated. It is convenient and convenient to modify the content once and for all. After the endnote is installed, a toolbar in Word is also displayed. If not, right-click the toolbar and select it.
References are classified into references and references. In endnote, the references are: bibilogrphay and citation. endnote has many references, but it does not necessarily meet your needs. you can create your own style as needed. The references are saved as databases. Therefore, you must first create your own reference database (. ENL ). After the references are established, select the data record to be inserted in the endnote database (CTRL and shift multiple), and then return word to place the cursor at the place to be inserted, click "insert selected citations" to mark the selected references and reference styles, and automatically generate references at the end of the document.
Reference Document Style definition: Edit menu → output styles → new style open the new style window, and then create references and referenced styles as required for definition:
Create a new style and define it in templates of bibliography as follows:
Journal article

Author. Title [J]... journal. Year, vol. Volume (Issue): pages

Thesis

Author. Title [d]: [degree thesis]. City: University, year

Conference proceedings

Author. Title [C]. Editor, conference name. Conference location: publisher, year of Conference. Pages

Book Section

Author. Title
. Book title. City: publisher, year

The following definitions are made in citation templates:
(Author, year), which indicates the author and year in the text, and only needs to be numbered.

Create references in the database and enter relevant information according to different types
Output result:
Limitations on the perimeter of the City [1] (Mark W., 2001) (it is best to mark it in red for convenient search)
References
Horner Mark W., grubesic Tony H. a GIS-based planning approach to locating urban rail terminals [J]. Transportation. 2001, vol.12 (5): 55-77
Each time you insert a new reference number, it will be automatically updated, resulting in slow operation. If you do not want to update it automatically, you can only update it in the format settings.
You can export reference styles, edit menu → output style → edit style to be edited, and save the File menu (. if you want to call the saved style file, you need to put the style file in the style directory (C: Program Files endnote 9 styles) under the endnote installation directory ). Edit menu → preference → libaries you can set your own database as the default database (add open libraries and click endnote default)
Do not generate numbers for references at the end of the document. After the references are complete, use the number of the word project symbol for convenience: Select All references, format menu → project symbols and numbers → custom, the numbering format can be changed to [1]. The format can be modified as needed.
If the paper is a document of each chapter, you can set the start number for endnote: Click format bibliography (format reference) on the endnote toolbar in Word → layout tag, and enter the start number in start with bibliography.
Appendix:
Endnote9.0: reference format of Tongji University graduation thesis, including reference and reference format.
The document types include: journal articles, conference articles, books, degree papers, and standard standards.
Decompress the package and place it in the style directory under the installation directory (for example, C: Program Files endnote 9 styles)

Click to download the Reference Document Style File
6. Other skills

U paging character (CTRL + enter)
As the name suggests, a pagination character is used for paging, and the text after the pagination character will start on another page. The title of each chapter in the paper requires a new page to be placed in the first line of the new page. In this case, you can use a paging character. Place a paging character at the end of the previous chapter. No matter the layout of the previous chapter changes, the title of the next chapter always appears on a new page.
Someone must have typed multiple carriage returns to push the title of the chapter to a new page! The disadvantage of doing so is obvious. If the layout of the previous chapter changes, for example, deleting a row, then the title of the next chapter is at the end of the last page of the previous chapter. If a row is added, then there is a blank line before the title of the next chapter. Abandon this kind of effort-consuming and thankless practice!
U Line Break (SHIFT + enter)

This involves the concept of word: paragraph. A paragraph is an independent unit of information and has its own format features, such as alignment, spacing, and style. Each section ends with a paragraph mark (a gray Turn Arrow ). You can press enter to insert a paragraph mark at the cursor position, indicating the end of a paragraph. The line break is different from the Enter key. It has only the second role and does not have the first one. That is, the first line and the last line of the line break still belong to the same paragraph, share the same paragraph format (gray vertical arrow ).
VII. Basic Software

① Drawing and image processing: Microsoft's drawing tools, ACDSee, fotocanvas, and photo shop
② Flowchart: smartdraw, Microsoft Visio
③ Coordinate chart: excel, Origin
④ Remove the PDF copy restriction: Adult PDF password recovery v2.2.0
⑤ Savebat7.0 and Acrobat Reader 5.0
⑥ CAJ viewer recognition PDF and VIP browser recognition Scanning Images
7. Figure: CorelDraw smartdraw