0909 preliminary understanding of the operating system

1. What does the operating system do?

The operating system is the program to manage computer hardware and software resources, but also the core and cornerstone of the computer system. An operating system is a collection of system software that controls the operation of other programs, manages system resources, and provides users with a user interface. The operating system is tasked with basic tasks such as managing and configuring memory, prioritizing system resource supply and demand, controlling input and output devices, operating networks, and managing file systems. The operating system is very diverse, with different machine-installed OS from simple to complex, from the handset's embedded system to the supercomputer's large operating system.

2. Why learn the operating system?

As an ordinary user, familiarity with the operating system will do less.
For computer-related majors, the operating system is an important part of the computer system.
In the development of the application, some are closely connected with the operating system, learning the operating system is necessary.

From the practical point of view is: You write the program is always to run on the platform, learning the operating system is to learn your program to run the platform. It can shield the hardware physical characteristics and operation details, provide convenience for users to use the computer, manage system resources effectively, and improve the efficiency of system resource use.

3. How to learn the operating system?

Learning content from the beginning to the beginning, the operating system of many kinds.

Clear Learning Objectives: This course requires students to master the basic concepts of computer operating system, various resources management ideas and algorithms, to better understand the operating system principles, but also to expand the application of the principle, and for students to develop the underlying program and follow-up development to lay the foundation.
Through learning to master the operating system in hardware, other software and the role of the application and its characteristics; master the basic concept of process/thread and its dynamic characteristics; Master Operating system implementation processor management, storage management, file management, input/output management, user and operating system interface work principle and implementation.

Use it to promote learning: Try to understand what you learn and understand it on your existing operating system, and to reflect on how the operating system works. I want to ask more questions and discuss more. Through thinking, find the lack of points, can ask more, and then more people to discuss, deepen understanding.

Online learning. Online about computer knowledge Network A lot, such as, novice learning computer, computer knowledge network, computer introduction and so on, the specific site search to find. There is no problem in particular, in the Internet to ask for answers, this is a learning computer knowledge effective way. "Knowledge person" gives us a platform for learning and communication, you can log in to view or ask questions or answer at any time.

4. Understand the history of the operating system .

(1) 80 ago: The beginning of the computer is no operating system, and then the system management tools and simplify the process of hardware operations, and become the basis of the operating system. IBM launched IBM SYSTEM/360, a large computer, in 1964. They all share an operating system codenamed OS/360.

(2) 80 's: microcomputer appears, they only need the most basic operating system, usually this kind of operating system is read from ROM, this kind of program is called Monitor program. Then the disk operating system was born to support further file-reading concepts. This operating system can combine any number of magnetic regions, so you can place any number and size of files on a single disk slice. Later, Microsoft and IBM produced MS-DOS, which allows the program to operate directly with the BIOS and file system. MS-DOS became the most commonly used operating system on IBM PCs.

(3) The 90 's: The Rise of Linux and the popularity of Microsoft's Windows operating system have led to the further expansion of personal computers.

(4) After 2000: UNIX systems continue to evolve, working on important Business Server systems and workstations in academies and engineering environments, and free software such as Linux and BSD are becoming popular and starting to enter the desktop operating system domain. and Windows from Win2003, XP, Win7, Win8 continue to evolve, become today's most popular operating system, and occupy the global desktop market in about 90% share, personal pc becomes the normal life of the people.

0909 preliminary understanding of the operating system