14th -- Chapter 17 assignments

Chapter 2

15.3.1Some successful people or companies do not consider independent test roles (Test), What do you think?

In some software companies, QA involves the role of test to verify that the program complies with pre-designed functions and features. However, QA requires a lot of work. A good QA should not only have a good understanding of the program architecture, but also have a deep understanding of the program functions and performance, and be familiar with the test project, such as test cases and MTTF.

If the QA personnel can complete their work well, they can, but the refined division of labor can enable each person to focus on a part and improve team efficiency.

15.3.2 why some successful companies do not need Testers in some successful companies, software developers have strong personal abilities and can ensure the effectiveness of their own code. However, this requires developers to fully trust their own code and perform a thorough test of the Code. However, if developers cannot effectively test the code or are unwilling to test the code, they need to do this. 15.3.3 how does Microsoft do it? Microsoft has three roles for development and testing:

SDE: Software Design Engineer (Dev.

SDE/T: Software Design Engineer in test, also write code, but focus on testing.

Ste: Software Test Engineer.

15.3.4 How should the team arrange QA And Testing QA is a quality guarantee. It manages the production quality during the software production process and emphasizes control and evaluation. Software testing tests the quality of software products. It tests the quality of software from the technical aspect and is part of the life cycle. The more accurate statement should be QC .. In terms of work arrangements, testing focuses more on the quality of the tested objects before the launch, while QA focuses on the quality in the macro sense, including quality control during development (How to Improve the Quality of the Code itself), testing, launch, and O & M (such as how to stop quickly after an online problem occurs ), it even includes the development model that can improve the quality and efficiency of project development more effectively. Therefore, it is a broader field. 15.3.5 the tester's career development can be divided into the following stages: A beginner's individual with a science degree or experience in manual testing. Develop test scripts and get familiar with the test lifecycle and technology. Test Engineer/Program analyst with 1-2 years of experience as a test engineer or programmer. Write an automatic test script program and take the lead in the early stage of test programming. Further expand skills in programming language, operating system, network and database. Senior Test Engineer/Program analyst with 3-4 years of experience as a test engineer or programmer. Assists in the development or maintenance of testing or programming standards and processes, reviews at the same level, and serves as a consultant for other junior test engineers or programmers. Continue to develop skills in programming language, operating system, network and database. Test team leader with 4-6 years of experience as a test engineer or programmer. Manages one or three test engineers or programmers. Responsible for schedule and workload/cost estimation. Focus more on skills. Testing/programming leader with 6-10 years of experience as a testing engineer or. Manages 8 to 10 technicians. Responsible for schedule, workload/cost estimation, delivery of products by schedule and budget objectives. Responsible for the technical methods of the development project. Provide support and demonstration for some users. Develop technical expertise testing/quality assurance/Development (projects) and managers in specific fields with over 10 years of experience. Manage one or more projects attended by eight or more people. Responsible for the entire development lifecycle business in this field (testing/quality assurance/development. Provide some users with interaction and a large number of demonstrations. Responsible for project cost, schedule, plan and division of labor planning managers with more than 15 years of development and support (testing/Quality Assurance) experience. Manage the personnel engaged in a number of projects and the entire development lifecycle. Responsible for grasping the project direction and Profit and Loss responsibilities. In my opinion, you can select a big entry direction within one year before you begin to work ~ 12 months, you should learn basic knowledge, such as black box, white box, automated testing, testing tools, and other skills to cultivate testing, quality, and project management experience. 3 ~ In 5 years, improve your skills based on the selected direction, and be as full and skilled as possible based on the management or technical direction ~ Within 10, we will improve our macro-level grasp capability and consider long-term development plans. 15.4 how to measure the quality of software engineering

In addition to these ideas, I think the code can also be measured in the following aspects:

1. Design/development constraints: many design constraints and guidelines are critical to the maintainability and readability of the code during software development;
2. Loop complexity: the loop complexity varies with different methods during code implementation and execution;
3. Severity and quantity of bugs: different bugs have different severity levels. We can allow the emergence of small bugs or small exceptions, but serious bugs are unforgivable.

 

Chapter 2

15.1Case Analysis

Based on the example in the book, we can infer the blood types of the two teams:

STG game pass jumping (delayed for 7 days for perfection, but not released after 7 days ......) : O-type or B-type

English learning software (said "release in the morning", but will not arrive in the morning): O

15.3.1 reactionary A Chao

A Chao's approach is desirable, because in the stable stage, it is not suitable for making major changes or adding work to the entire project. You can release an alpha version first, the beta version, RC, and RTM versions will be released in the future. However, it is necessary to clearly define the work of subsequent versions, rather than simply shirking the work.

15.3.2 battle of silver bullet

I think it has a certain effect, because the first simple debate is not easy to rise to the silver bullet level. However, for a long period of discussion, we may not be able to convince anyone, therefore, the silver bullet policy can save time on the basis of discussion.

However, there is a principle for Project Creation: If you do not agree, you must protest before making a decision. Once you decide, do not give comments.

15.3.3 Bian Que, three brothers

Analyze Denver airport luggage system:

Project requirements: A New Airport needs to be created due to limited capacity of the original airport in danfo city. There are three central halls at the new airport. The user of the Central Hall 2, "American United Airlines", commissioned "bae" to develop an Automated Baggage Handling System for it.

For this project, Party B estimated that the project should be completed within two and a half years, and everything went smoothly from the very beginning. However, the danfo city team responsible for the construction of the new airport believes that it would be meaningful to assume that an integrated Automated Baggage Handling System is used for three central halls at the same time. Therefore, they persuaded the original airlines to build their own solutions and switched from Bae to build an integrated Automated Baggage Handling System for the entire airport.

As the world's top company in the field, Bae raises the following questions:

* Insufficient space required to install the luggage System
* The building structure cannot bear the weight attached to the luggage System
* Lack of stable power required by the Baggage Handling System
* Lack of ventilation and air conditioning facilities to eliminate the heat emitted by the Baggage Handling System

To solve these problems, the following conditions are proposed:

* The above risks will all be taken as an important milestone for the successful completion of the project.
* Demand or design changes beyond the reservation date will not be accepted, and demand and design will require a freeze period
* BAE has the highest priority in the construction site of the new airport, including site occupation and work order arrangement.

Although Bae is aware of the risks from a professional perspective and explicitly proposes them, the project tasks are too large and there are too many influencing factors, after the resignation of PM, frequent demand changes, and the death of the chief engineer, the task cannot be completed as required, leading to the loss of control of the project. In the end, bae will build an Automated Baggage Handling System for the No. 2 Central Hall hosted by Alibaba airlines. The traditional trailer system will be used for the No. 1 Central Hall hosted by Chinese mainland airlines.

 

By analyzing the entire incident, we can easily find that too many demands and too large systems are undoubtedly one of the main problems. As we all know, the larger the project demands, the more complicated the project demands, and the more uncontrollable factors, the easier it is to lose control. Changes in the management layer are also one of the influencing factors, because in general, a runaway project is initially discovered by the project team, or even by the management layer. In addition, high performance requirements, such as real-time and large-scale ones, are increasingly called problems that affect the project's ultimate success. In the end, large applications involving integration are more likely to lose control.

Chapter 2

 

Innovation exercises and discussions in the IT industry

 

16.6.1 innovation in VCD

How do pioneers turn technology leader into market leader:

1. pioneers are good at discovering opportunities and grasping opportunities

2. Pioneers conducted market research before R & D to understand consumer needs

3. Pioneers dare to invest

4. Pioneers conduct repeated experiments and R & D

 

If I am a competitor

1. I will purchase a wanyan VCD as an anatomical prototype.

2. Further R & D and innovation based on the prototype to develop more functions

3. Conduct more market research to grasp consumer needs

 

16.6.2 BBS Innovation

Stack Overflow was previously a program development-themed Forum. Today, stack overflow, as a sub-site of stack exchange network, has developed into a community with 43 topic discussion zones.

The secret to Stack Overflow's success lies in consistently advocating high-quality content and clearly defining services vertically. Stack Overflow is also able to optimize the Q & A service process for a large number of users who contribute high-quality content. In this way, a small number of users are charged. Unlike other Q & A service websites, Stack Overflow strictly filters user questions to eliminate questions that are prone to subjective answers or that are difficult to produce high-quality answers, administrators and members of the network community can vote to delete inappropriate questions or modify and improve the questions.

 

16.6.3 major objectives and prospects of the dream code

As a reference for innovation

 

16.6.4 discuss Microsoft's Xbox Kinect innovation, how it satisfies players' needs, how much revenue Microsoft brings to Microsoft, and how it affects the industry.

It is a 3D somatosensory camera that imports real-time dynamic capturing, image recognition, microphone input, voice recognition, community interaction, and other functions. Players can drive in the game, interact with other players, share pictures and information with other Xbox players over the Internet.

Xbox Kinect uses the latest computer image processing technology to capture people dynamically, combine people with games, and provide real-time feedback to bring players into the room. To meet the interaction and substitution needs of players, you do not need to enter the device. people themselves are game input devices and can enjoy a more direct experience.

Microsoft CEO Ballmer pointed out at the Web 2.0 summit held in San Francisco on the 18 th that Microsoft will launch a series of important innovations for Kinect and Xbox during the holiday season this year. Microsoft said that the sales of Xbox 360 accounted for 42% of the market, which has been higher than 7th for 40% consecutive months. Xbox 360 has become the best-selling game host in the United States for many times. Microsoft pointed out that, in the past 16 months, Xbox 360 has won the U.S. single-month sales championship for 15 months.

Microsoft believes that this remote control-free system will bring a revolution to the gaming experience. It also indicates that the face recognition function will allow video players to communicate with players through their expressions, so the game will eventually join more social experience.

 

16.6.5 innovative practices

1. Market Research and Analysis of further needs of customers and potential customers.

2. Actively develop and innovate technologies.

3. New design, internal technology and appearance.

4. employ better advertising teams and adopt more active publicity methods.

 

16.6.6 how to help innovation in software engineering technologies and practices

For example, a pair of programming methods can be used to achieve win-win mutual benefits. cooperation can improve the efficiency of common work and achieve more perfect work results.

 

16.6.7 start a business-Keep moving forward vs try more new ideas

I started my own business, but on the market and my circle of friends spread more cool ideas and innovations.

As an entrepreneur, I Need To deeply think about whether the innovation of these new ideas can help and promote my entrepreneurship. If it is helpful, they will absorb their cool ideas and add more bricks to my career development. This new idea innovation is of no substantial help to my start-up, so I need to strengthen my own R & D path, at the same time, pay attention to whether your R & D process will produce errors of the same type as these new ideas, so that you can constantly reflect on yourself and develop ahead.

 

Chapter 2

People, performance and professional ethics

1. Compare performance evaluation methods of different teams and propose performance evaluation plans of their teams

In the case, the performance evaluation methods of the five groups have their own advantages and disadvantages. The performance evaluation plan of our team is between the first and fifth, which allocates the tasks and responsibilities that each person should perform, it also forms a star effect centered on important members to evaluate the team's performance.

 

2. Will there be "Bad currency expelling good currency" in the team?

This kind of bad phenomenon may indeed occur in team cooperation, which requires all our team members to unswervingly implement the school motto: seeking truth from facts. Everything starts from reality and uses facts to speak.

 

3. Discuss how the team can make everyone clear about the drivers and responsibilities

Within a responsibility-driven team, all members have definite responsibilities and clear division of labor. When the team completes the work, it shows division of labor and collaboration, performing their respective duties, relaxed and harmonious team atmosphere, and little or no internal consumption. It is a relatively advanced form of team organization and management.

In order to maintain this management form, we must adhere to the following principles:

Principle 1: one person is responsible for each responsibility, and only one person is responsible for each responsibility. All the responsibilities of the Team should be identified by specific owners. The sum of the responsibilities of all team members is the responsibilities of the Team within the Organization.

Principle 2. Rights and responsibilities, obligations, capabilities, and positions should be matched. Many people know that responsibility-based benefits should be unified, but in a responsibility-driven team, responsibility-based benefits, obligations, capabilities, and positions should be emphasized.

Principle 3: Do not assume the responsibilities of others without authorization. The team should understand the responsibilities of each member.

Principle 4: Help principles. When you see that someone else needs help, or when you receive a request for help from someone else, you give help to others without compromising your performance. However, it cannot happen that you have helped others, and your responsibilities have not been fulfilled.

Principle 5: how to deal with differences. If you think your colleague is not doing well, please tell him your suggestion in person, instead of telling his superiors behind the scenes.

Principle 6 guard principle. The duty of a guard is to ensure that each passer has a pass and his power is to stop a person without a pass. The principle of the so-called guard is that the superior leader of the Guard has the right to revoke the guard, but he has no right to interfere with the performance of the guard, that is, to ask the guard to allow a person without a pass.

 

4. Interview and collect the following types of companies' practices for employee performance appraisal:

Interview

 

5. Go out of "self" and "present"

I think these activities are valuable.

Human beings are social animals, especially in this highly developed information society, and it is impossible to close themselves from the rest of the world. Working in a software team, it is impossible to consider "self" and not "others. Similarly, some people have to go over the "present" and do not look at the "future" mentality.

In a successful large enterprise, interpersonal communication ability and interpersonal awareness are an important part of employee quality training. They include how to establish equal and harmonious cooperation with others, how to deal with contradictions and conflicts, how to influence colleagues, how to evaluate others' work, how to understand the implication of others' superficial actions, and the hidden motives. This is part of the defects of many students at school, and these activities in the classroom can make up for this defect, so I think they are very necessary.

 

6. Course scalping software and ticket scalping Software

In current laws, using these plug-ins is not a violation of the law. At the same time, it does not harm part of the interests of most people. It is also a problem to reasonably use laws and regulations and industry ethics to constrain this field.

 

7. a/B testing and Ethics

 

8. development phase of the software team

Individual our team is in the standard stage, because the tasks and responsibilities of our team are open and assigned to everyone. Every Member knows exactly what he or she wants to do. Everyone understands and respects each other and has a goal and determination to work together.

 

9. How do teams make decisions?

(1) Dictatorship: leaders have the right to say

Excellent: The most obvious advantage is that the team will not lag behind due to disagreement.

Lack: The disadvantage is that the dictatorship cannot work together, and employees cannot participate in decision-making. Once a leader makes a decision mistake, the entire team is affected.

 

(2) Dictatorship + consultant: Leaders Discuss with some external consultants before making decisions

Excellent: Compared with dictatorship, this method greatly reduces the possibility of wrong teams destroyed by leaders.

Lack: employees are not motivated to participate in decisions.

 

(3) democratic voting: This leads to winners and losers.

Excellent: the advantage is democracy.

Deficiency: the disadvantage is that decision-making is slow and it is prone to small group factional struggles.

 

(4) After the unanimous consent of the whole, I decided: Are all happy?

Excellent: Is it absolute democracy?

Deficiency: the disadvantage is that decision-making is slow and may not produce decisions that are truly conducive to collective development and progress.

 

10. measure the efficiency of Engineers

 

11. Partner Evaluation

 

12. Professional Ethics comments

Evaluate the Software Engineer's professional ethics against the Software Engineer's professional ethics clause.

The following are the most basic requirements for software engineers:

Have a high sense of responsibility and a strong sense of mission

Conscious standardization and standardization awareness

Strong team spirit

Good communication skills with colleagues

Take customer needs correctly, understand customer needs carefully, and do not explain customer needs at will

Aware of confidentiality and property rights

Develop good document habits through practice

Learn and summarize the innovative spirit and Innovation Ability

Obey the tasks and arrangements assigned by superiors

Has the concept of software engineering.

14th -- Chapter 17 assignments