About Arm (Copvin)

about ARM [1]

1. Arm sells only intellectual property and does not sell (physical, material) products.
More than 100 companies worldwide have purchased ARM licenses, including Samsung, Freescale, NXP Semiconductors, STMicroelectronics, Texas Instruments, Toshiba,analog Device, Atmel,microsemi ... See ARM's website for details

Number of classic ARM processor licenses
ARM11 Series 82
ARM9 Series 271

Number of Cortex Processor licenses
CORTEX-A 86
Cortex-r 22
CORTEX-M 123


2. ARM Processor Family:
Arm7,arm9,arm11,cortex-a,cortex-r,cortex-m,securcore
The ARM 11 is then divided into three categories:
cortex-a/r/m
CORTEX-A series for cutting-edge virtual memory-based operating systems and user applications;
CORTEX-R Series for real-time systems;
CORTEX-M series to microcontrollers.

ARM7 Series-Classic processor for general applications
ARM9 Series-common processors based on the ARMV5 architecture
ARM11 Series-high performance processors based on the ARMV6 architecture
ARM Expert Processors
SecurCore-processor for high-security applications.
FPGA cores-FPGA-oriented processor
ARM Cortex Application Processor
ARM Cortex Embedded Processor


3. To clearly express the set of instructions used for each ARM application instance, ARM defines 8 major versions of the arm instruction set architecture, expressed as version number V1~V8. [2]

Note that the meanings expressed by ARM7 and ARMV7 are different, one is the processor Family Code, and the other is the instruction set designator.

ARMV1:
This version of the prototype is ARM1 and is not used for commercial products.
ARMV2:
The V1 version is expanded to include support for 32-bit result multiplication instructions and coprocessor directives.
ARMv3:
ARM's first microprocessor ARM6 core is version 3, which acts as an IP core, a standalone processor, an integrated CPU with on-chip cache, MMU, and write Buffering.

ARMV4:
The most extensive version of the arm instruction set currently in use.
ARM7TDMI, arm720t, Arm9tdmi, arm940t, arm920t, and Intel StrongARM are based on the ARMV4T version.

ARMV5:
Arm9e-s, Arm966e-s, arm1020e, ARM 1022E, and XScale are armv5te.
Arm9ej-s, Arm926ej-s, Arm7ej-s, Arm1026ej-s are based on Armv5ej.
ARM10 is also used.
The meaning of the suffix is as follows:
E: Enhanced DSP instruction set. Includes all algorithms and 16-bit multiplication operations.
J: Support for new java.

ARMV6:
The processor with the ARMV6 core is the ARM11 series.
ARM1136J (F)-s based on ARMV6 main features are SIMD, Thumb, Jazelle, DBX, (VFP), MMU.
ARM1156T2 (F)-s based on Armv6t2 main features are SIMD, Thumb-2, (VFP), MPU.
ARM1176JZ (f)-S based on Armv6kz on the Arm1136ej (f)-S based on the addition of MMU, TrustZone.
ARM11 MPCore based on armv6k on Arm1136ej (F)-S can include 1-4-core SMP, MMU.

ARMV7:
CORTEX-A15 processor, CORTEX-A12 processor, CORTEX-A9 processor, CORTEX-A8 processor, CORTEX-A7 processor, CORTEX-A5 processor

ARMV8:
Cortex-a57 processor, CORTEX-A53 processor

4. Classic ARM Processor: arm7,9,11
ARM7 is Von NEU slow structure
ARM9, ARM11 is the Harvard structure, so the performance is a little higher.
ARM9 and ARM11 mostly with memory manager, run the operating system a little better, ARM7 fit Bare-Ben.

The difference between arm7,arm9 is whether there is a MMU (memory management Unit) or MPU (Memory protection Unit)


ARM7 industrial use is generally St company such as str73x stm32f series, Samsung's 44b0,atmel AT91 series;
ARM9 series is generally Samsung company s3c2440
ARM11 is usually used on mobile phones.



5. Cortex-m3 and ARM11 differences:
The CORTEX-M3 Architecture (ARMV7) is higher than the ARM11 (ARMV6) version, but performance is less than ARM11.
But the CORTEX-M series of chips in the application of the main low-end (equivalent to a single-chip microcomputer, do not run the OS), from the performance of ARM11 than cortex-m3 much better.

6. VS Arm
51 single-chip microcomputer register relatively few, instructions only 111;
and ARM chip register more, instruction set also many, want to grasp it need patience and time;
Therefore, in order to simplify the programming of the embedded software, the production company to handle the operation of the Register, packaged into a function, this is the firmware function library.
For example, STMicroelectronics (st.com), "stm32f10xxx firmware function library. pdf".

7. Learn arm programming, buy Development Board words commonly used ARM9, for example: Samsung s3c2440 Development Board, mini2440 Development Board
ARM11 is too expensive (generally more than 2k), ARM7 can not run the operating system.

2410 and 2440 are Samsung's core based on the ARM9 core, the resources are not small, more than 2,440 Camara interface, faster.
The above version refers to the kernel version, and each company issued a different release number. For example, Samsung's 2440,atmel 9260. Just like the kernel version of Linux is not the same as the Red Hat release number is a reason.

8. ARM development Needs
1, Hardware (Development board with ARM chip),
2, download line or emulator (J-link, etc.) and its driver,
3, integrated development environment
ADS (as if it's less used),
Mdk412-keil (ARM acquisition),
IAR Embedded Workbench for arm.

9. Common Series
St Series, NXP Series, TI series, Atmel series, Samsung series
First familiar with Gpio, and then familiar with the serial, interrupt, timer, flash, etc., familiar with the specific peripheral operations, and then the Stm32 build Ucos system, Linux system.


10. Trends
Do not run the operating system, the price lower: ARM7, cortex-m3 and so on.
Cost-effective, can run can not run the operating system: ARM9, Cortex-rx and so on.
High performance, usually to run the operating system: ARM10, ARM11, Cortex-a8 and so on.
Mature: Arm7\arm9\arm11.
Development trend: Cortex-a, Cortex-r, cortex-m.
In fact, arm is mostly embedded in the field, but now a lot of netbooks are also beginning arm

Reference:

1. Arm Getting Started knowledge point finishing Http://buluo.qq.com/p/detail.html?bid=14359&pid=497468-1468503399&from=dongtai

2. Arm instruction set version and ARM version http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_602f87700100kaa3.html

About Arm (Copvin)