Basic concepts of stocks

At the beginning, I learned stock trading and collected some information on the Internet to learn from everyone. Sometimes I want to take a look at the basic concepts of stock.

Open region:
It refers to the first transaction price of the stock after the opening day. If there is no price within 30 minutes after the opening, the closing price of the previous day will be used as the opening price.
 
Closing price:
The price of the last stock in a daily transaction, that is, the closing price.
 
Maximum price:
It refers to the highest price in the deal price on the current day. Sometimes there is only one price, and sometimes more than one price.
 
Lowest Price:
It refers to the lowest price in the price sold on the current day. Sometimes the lowest price is only one, and sometimes more than one.
 
Common stock:
Ordinary shares refer to shares that enjoy common rights in the company's operation and management, profit and property distribution, it represents the claim for profit and surplus property of an enterprise after meeting the requirements of all creditor's rights and the right of return and claim of a given shareholder. It constitutes the foundation of the company's capital and is a basic form of stock, it is also the most important stock with the largest circulation. The shares currently traded on Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges are all common stock. The holder of a common stock has the following basic rights:
(1) company decision-making right. Ordinary shareholders have the right to participate in the shareholders' meeting and have the right to propose, vote, and vote. They can also entrust others to exercise their shareholder rights on behalf of them.
(2) profit distribution right. Common shareholders have the right to receive dividends from the company's profit distribution. The dividend of common shares is not fixed and is determined by the company's profit situation and its distribution policy. Ordinary shareholders have the right to enjoy the dividend distribution right only after their preferred shareholders receive a fixed dividend.
(3) Give priority to equity recognition. If the company needs to expand and issue additional shares of common stock, the existing common stock shareholders have the right to purchase a certain number of newly issued shares at a given price lower than the market price according to their shareholding ratio, so as to maintain its original proportion of ownership to the Enterprise.
(4) remaining asset allocation right. When the company goes bankrupt or liquidated, if the company's assets remain surplus after the debt is repaid, the remaining part of the assets will be allocated in the order of first preferred shareholders and then ordinary shareholders.
 
Preferred shares:
It is relative to common stock. It mainly refers to the right to distribute profits and residual property, which prevails over ordinary shares.
The preferred stock has two rights:
A. when the company allocates profits, the shareholders with priority shares are allocated first, and enjoy a fixed amount of dividends, that is, the interest rate of the preferred shares is fixed, the dividend of ordinary shares is not fixed, depending on the company's profit situation. The profit is more than the profit, the profit is less than the profit, the profit is not divided, the top is not capped, the bottom is not guaranteed.
B. when the company is dissolved and the remaining property is allocated, the preferred shares are allocated before the ordinary shares.
 
Outstanding Performance stocks:
It refers to the stocks of companies with excellent performance but slow growth. These companies have the strength to resist the recession, but they cannot bring you exciting profits. Because such companies are relatively mature and do not need to spend a lot of money to expand their business, the main purpose of investing in such companies is to pay dividends. In addition, when investing in such stocks, the price-earnings ratio should not be too high, and pay attention to the history of fluctuations in the stock price in the economic downturn.
 
Hot stocks:
It refers to the stock with a large transaction volume, a strong liquidity, and a large change in the stock price.
 
Growth stocks:
It refers to the stocks issued by such companies. Their sales and profits continue to grow, and they are growing faster than the whole country and the industry. These companies usually have great plans, focus on scientific research, and leave a large amount of profits for re-investment to promote their expansion.
 
Hand:
It is an international unit used to calculate the number of transaction shares. Transactions can only be processed if it is an integer multiple of the number of transactions. Currently, 100 shares are generally used as the first-hand transaction. That is, you must purchase at least 100 shares.
 
Transaction volume:
The number of transactions. Generally, the transaction quantity and transaction amount can be measured by two indicators. Currently, both Shenzhen and Shanghai stock markets can be displayed.
 
Price:
The Unit for raising or downgrading the price. The price varies with the stock price per share. Take the Shanghai Stock Exchange as an example: the price of 100 yuan at the end of the market price per share is 0.10 yuan, and the price of 0.20-0.30 yuan at the market price per share is-yuan, the market price per share is 0.50-400 yuan. The price above the market price per share is 1.00 yuan.
 
Suspension:
The stock exchange suspends its trading in the stock market due to a continuous rise or fall of the stock price caused by a message or activity. If the situation is clarified or the enterprise recovers from normal operation, the resumption of trading will be conducted on the exchange.
 
Ups and downs:
Compare the daily closing price with the previous day's closing price to determine whether the stock price is up or down. Generally, it is indicated by "+"-"on the announcement board at the top of the transaction platform.
 
Up (down) closed:
The maximum Increase (decrease) of the stock price per day specified by the exchange is the percentage of the closing price of the previous day. The limit cannot be exceeded. Otherwise, the transaction is automatically stopped.
 
Raise Disk:
It means that the opening period is much higher than the closing price of the previous day.
 
Low disk opening:
The opening period is much lower than the closing price of the previous day.
 
Drive:
It refers to the fact that investors do not actively buy or sell goods and take a wait-and-see attitude to make the stock price change of the day very small. This situation is called inventory.
 
Organize:
After a sharp rise or fall in the stock price, the stock price starts to fluctuate slightly and enters the stable change stage. This phenomenon is called sorting, which is the preparation stage of the next major change.
 
Skip empty:
The stock price started to beat sharply due to strong bullish or negative news. The gap usually occurs before or after the stock price changes.
 
Price-earnings ratio:
The price-to-earnings ratio is the ratio of a stock's market price to earnings per share. (Price-to-earnings ratio = market price per share of ordinary shares (annual earnings per share of ordinary shares) the numerator in the above formula is the current market price per share. The denominator can be used for profit in the last year, and can also be used for profit prediction in the next year or several years. Price-to-earnings ratio is one of the most basic and important indicators to estimate the value of common stock. It is generally considered that this ratio is normal between 20 and 30. If it is too small, it indicates that the stock price is low, the risk is small, and it is worth buying. If it is too large, it indicates that the stock price is high and the risk is high. You should be cautious when buying the product. However, most of the high price-to-earnings shares are hot stocks, and the low price-to-earnings shares may be cold stocks.
 
Archive:
It refers to the phenomenon that the stock price is temporarily falling back due to the rising speed.
 
Rebound:
It refers to the phenomenon that the stock price is temporarily rebounded by the buyer due to the falling speed. The rebound margin is relatively small, and the decline trend is resumed after the rebound.
 
Multiple leaders:
Optimistic about the stock market, first buy the stock, wait for the stock price to rise to a certain price, sell the stock to earn the price difference.
 
Shorts:
It refers to investors who believe that the stock price has risen to the highest point and will soon fall, or when the stock has begun to fall, they think it will continue to fall and sell at high prices.
 
Multi-headed market:
Also known as a bull market, it is the market where stock prices are generally rising.
 
Short market:
The stock price in a market with a long-term downward trend. In the short market, the stock price changes sharply and slightly. Also known as a bear market.
 
Multiple blank spaces:
The bulls who were originally optimistic about the market have changed their views. The stocks in their hands are sometimes sold by stocks. This behavior is called turning empty or turning empty.
 
Too many requests:
If you were a short seller, you could change your mind and buy back the sold stocks. Sometimes you can buy more stocks.
 
Buy empty:
It is expected that the stock price will rise. Therefore, it is a speculative activity to buy stocks and sell them before the actual delivery. In actual delivery, the price difference is charged or the price difference is supplemented.
 
Short Selling:
The stock price is expected to fall, so the stock will be sold. Before the actual delivery, the stock will be sold, such as a few to make up, when the delivery, only settlement of the price difference speculation.

Likong:
Factors and messages that contribute to the decline in stock prices.
 
Lido:
Is to stimulate the rise of the stock price, the favorable factors and news for multiple heads.
 
Sticky:
It refers to the expected rise in the stock price. If the stock price falls, the stock price may go down. If the stock price is expected to fall, but the stock price rises after it is sold, the former said that the bulls are locked, and the latter is locked by the shorts.
 
Large customers:
It is a large investor, such as a consortium, a trust company, and other groups or individuals with large funds.
 
Medium users:
Investors with a large investment.
 
Retail investors:
It is a small investor who buys and sells a small number of shares.
 
BROKER:
The operator that executes the customer's command to buy and sell securities, goods or other property and receives a commission for this purpose.
 
Short-term snatching:
The expected rise in share price is due to a low price first and then a high price in the short term. It is expected that the share price will fall, and the price will be sold at a high price before it can be purchased at a low price in the short term.
 
Consolidation:
After a period of rapid increase or decrease in the stock price, the stock price changes slightly when it encounters resistance or support.
 
Pull up:
Pull up is a very method to raise the stock price significantly. Generally, large users throw large profits after pulling up.
 
Suppression:
The stock price is greatly lowered in an extraordinary way. Generally, large customers buy a large number of products to make huge profits.
 
Dark Horse:
It refers to the stock that doubles or doubles in a certain period of time.
 
White Horse:
It means that the stock price has formed a channel for increasing slowly, and there is still room for increasing.
 
Fraud line:
Large investors use superstitious technologies to analyze the psychology of data and charts, and deliberately pull up and suppress the Stock Index. As a result, the technical charts form a certain line type, which will induce large numbers of investors to buy or sell, so as to achieve their goal of making a fortune. The linetype of the Technical chart caused by this fraud is called the fraud line.
 
Technical analysis:
Analysis and Research on the market and stock based on the supply and demand relationship. Technical analysis studies price trends, transaction volumes, transaction trends and forms, and maps the above factors, use graphs to predict the potential impact of current market behavior on future securities supply and demand and individual securities.
 
Basic Analysis:
Enterprises are analyzed based on factors such as sales, assets, income, products or services, market and management. It also refers to the analysis of macro-political, economic, and military dynamics to predict their impact on the stock market.
 
Non-listed stock:
Shares not listed on the stock exchange.
 
Letter of authorization:
A written proof of the right of a shareholder to delegate his/her (other shareholders) to his/her vote at the shareholders' meeting.
 
Turnover rate:
The number of shares in a stock transaction as a percentage of the shares listed on the exchange.
 
Warrants:
A certificate issued by a stock issuing company to the original shareholders of the company to purchase a certain number of shares at a preferential price when issuing new shares. The stock ownership certificate usually has time restrictions and is out of date and ineffective. Within the validity period, the holder may sell or transfer it.
 
Permission removal:
The closing price of the stock on the previous day minus the price difference of the ownership, that is, the permission is revoked.
 
DISPATCH:
The closing price of a stock minus the dividend paid by a listed company is the dividend.
 
Permission contained:
The ownership of any stock that has the right to deliver the goods is an average name.
 
Fill in:
After the permission is revoked, the stock price increases, and the price difference after the permission is reset.
 
Capital increase:
Listed companies often increase their capital (paid stock allocation) or increase their capital shares (free stock allocation) for their business needs ).
 
Allotment:
When the company issues new shares, the number of shares of all shareholders is assigned to shareholders at a special price (below the market price.
 
Sedan Chair:
It is predicted that the stock price will rise and be bought at a low price first. After a large number of retail investors follow up and the stock price rises, they will sell for profit.
 
Chair lift:
After others have already bought the product, they will wake up and follow the purchase process. The result is that the stock price is elevated to make profits for others, and the share price they have bought is no longer a low price, no loss.
 
Lower Chair:
The profit settlement for the passenger on the peak is the lower case.
 
Resistance line:
The stock price rises to a certain price point. If a large number of selling conditions occur, the stock price will stop rising or even fall back.
 
Support line:
The stock price falls near a certain price point. If a large number of purchases occur, the stock price will stop falling or even rise.
 
Skip empty:
The stock market was excited by strong bullish or negative news. The stock price started to beat sharply. When it rose, the opening or lowest price of the day was higher than the closing price of the previous day, it is said to be "jumping up and down"; when the decline, the daily or highest price of the day is lower than the closing price of the previous day two reporting units, and in a day's transaction, rise or fall more than one reporting unit, it is called "Skip empty ".
 
Fill in the blanks:
When there is an empty jump, the blank price that has not been traded will be compensated, that is, after the stock price is left blank, it will return to the unprecedented price for a period of time to fill the gap.
 
Archive:
In the upward trend, the stock price is falling back and forth as the stock price increases rapidly to adjust the price.
 
Daily price:
The highest price for individual stocks when the market is changed from a multi-headed market to a short market.
 
Breakthrough:
A price fluctuation that occurs after a period of time.
 
Bottom:
When the stock price continuously drops to a certain price point, it will stop falling back, so once or several times.
 
Header:
When the stock price rises to a certain price point, it will experience resistance and decline.
 
Attach:
The meaning of buying a stock.
 
Output:
Meaning of selling a stock
 
Flat disk:
The opening price of today is the same as the closing price of the previous business day.
 
Recent trends:
20 ~ 30 days is a recent trend.
 
Full delivery:
It is the stock of a listed company that the Securities Authority has specially formulated to restructure the company or has a major problem.
 
Disk washing:
To achieve the purpose of hyping, the operator must buy at a low price on the way, and the owner will not be strong, in order to reduce the pressure on the upper gear, while increasing the average price of the shareholders, it facilitates the implementation of methods for raising, setting, and killing.
 
On the transfer:
A transfer transaction method. This is a way for securities brokers to earn investment profits. Brokers buy stocks at a low price, receive commissions from customers, and sell them to another customer at a high price, thus earning a lot of profits.

This article is based on www.linjinlan.cn stock entry blog.