Basic knowledge of CMMs literacy

Summary:
CmmeThe full name is Capability Maturity Model Integration. cmme is a good thing, But insiders do not have a comprehensive understanding of her, and even have various misunderstandings. Although there are many introduction to cmme on the Internet, it is generally bitter and difficult to understand. This article uses vivid and plain statements to show you the real faces of CMMs.

Author:

Zhang chuanbo

Chief Expert of the original Software Knowledge Base

Www.umlonline.cn

CmmeWhat is it?
The full name of cmme is Capability Maturity Model Integration. Direct translation is the Capability Maturity Model. you can't figure out what cmme is.
You may have seen many successful people's seven habits on the Internet (there may be many similar names)ArticleRight? Someone summed up the reasons for successful people's success and summed up their habits. If we can also have these habits, we may also become successful people. Similarly, cmme can be seen as a collection of good software practices, practices, and guidelines for successful enterprises. It is also a collection of best practices for software. If the enterprise can do well according to the requirements of cmme, then the enterprise is likely to become a successful enterprise.
All the requirements in CMMS come from the best practices of successful enterprises. We do not have to doubt her advanced nature. If we do not do well, it is not a problem of CMMS itself, the reason is that we have not understood or failed to perform well.
When it comes to cmme, it is inevitable to mention the other three letters sei. Sei is the full name of Software Engineering Institute, which is a Software Engineering Institute and a university in the United States, they developed the cmme standard.
Currently, the latest version of CMMs is v1.2. If you are learning about CMMS only now, there is no need to figure out the differences between V1.1 and v1.2, there is no need to compare the differences between CMM and cmme. You just need to know that CMM is the predecessor of CMMs. Although CMMS V1.1 is much newer than CMM, but it is no longer needed. There are still many articles about CMM and cmme on the Internet, unless you want to know it or you have a lot of time, it is recommended that you do not have to read this content.

Continuous vs stage

There are two ways to express CMMS: continuous and step-by-step. The two methods only describe CMMS from different perspectives. In essence, they express the same content. It's like we doDataDuring database design, different views may be designed to view the data of the same data table, but the angle is different.

You may ask why there are two expressions for CMMs? Are you afraid to confuse everyone?

Indeed, the two methods confuse many people, which is a failure of sei. In the past, CMM had only a step-by-step expression. Continuity was proposed later. Sei was divided into two groups, one of which supported the continuous mode and one of which supported the step-by-step mode, now we can see that the continuous and step types coexist.

In fact, continuity is more responsive to the nature of process improvement, and can better guide enterprises to improve the process to achieve success, but continuity is hard to understand. Stages directly inherit CMM, which is easy to understand and have a level for better commercial promotion. However, it is easy for enterprises to pass the level.

Continuous and step-by-step evaluation are also two different perspectives. With continuous evaluation, enterprises will obtain many levels of PA. with step-by-step evaluation, enterprises will obtain an overall level.

People who are not familiar with cmme can learn so much about it first, and then learn about it later.

CMMI 1Summary of Level 5

Here we describe the level of CMMs from a step-by-step perspective that is easier to understand.

In the model, the Software Capability Maturity of all software organizations is divided into 5 levels-1st to 5th. The larger the number, the higher the maturity,High maturityLevel indicates strong integrated software capabilities.

The five maturity levels are:

Level 1: initial level

Level 1: managed

Level 1: defined level

Level 1: Quantitative Management Level

Level 1: continuous optimization

Level 1 does not need to be evaluated. Even if you are a software company developed in the Workshop, it can be said that level 1 is cmmi1. From level 2 to level 5, SEI has detailed standards at each level.

So how can we reach a certain level?

A high-level evaluation should be passed to meet the standards of all levels below this level.

For example:

For an enterprise that performs a level 4 Evaluation, the first evaluation is to check whether the Level 2 requirement is met, then the Level 3 requirement, and then the level 4 requirement.

During the evaluation, if the level 2 standard is met but the Level 3 requirement is not met, the level 4 requirement can only be considered level 2.

What does each level mean? The following table briefly describes the differences between level 1 and level 5:

Level 2 is easier to achieve. There are a lot of things to do at level 3. Generally, we recommend that you do it at level 2 and level 3 together. The span from Level 3 to level 4 is very large, and it is not easy to achieve level 4. If Level 4 is better, it is not very difficult to level 5. The following are difficulties at all levels:

Process domain (PA), Goal (GOAL) and Practice (Practice)

Cmmi2 to 5 levels, each level contains several to a dozen PA (process area), direct translation is called: process domain.

In simple terms, PA is to do a good job in a certain aspect of software development. To meet a certain level of requirements, it is necessary to meet the requirements of all levels of PA. A pa contains several goal (targets). To meet the requirements of a certain Pa, it means to meet the requirements of each goal of the PA.

How does each goal meet the requirements? Each goal contains several to a dozen more practice (practices). If all these practice are done, the goal meets the requirements.

The relationships between level, Pa, goal, and practice are as follows:

Level 2 has 7 Pa, Level 3 has 11 Pa, Level 4 has 2 Pa, Level 5 has 2 Pa, a total of 22 Pa, and the total number of practice exceeds 400. To meet the requirements of level 5, it means that the requirements of more than 400 practice must be met.

Assessment Methods

To assess how many levels a company meets is to see if the practice meets the requirements. The evaluation method is divided into the following methods based on the degree of rigor:

Scampi C

Scampi B

Scampi

Scampi A is the most rigorous and must be used for formal evaluation. Let's take a look at scampi.Evaluation Method.

Let's take a daily example. For example, if you have a meal at noon today, but others don't know, if they want to judge whether you have eaten the meal, use scampi A's method to judge, the following evidence is required:

1) The written direct evidence proves the written direct evidence of your meal. If you go to the restaurant for dinner, your bill can be used for direct evidence. If you cook at home, it will be troublesome and there may be no direct written evidence.

2) Written indirect evidence: for example, if you cook at home and buy food before, your purchase Bill can be used as indirect written evidence.

3) interview evidence: if someone asks you if you have dinner at noon today, you can make it accurate and there are no doubts, you will think the evidence is valid, or if you have dinner with someone else, if someone else can say they have dinner with you, they also think the evidence is valid.

For the above three pieces of evidence, the first type of evidence in writing is mandatory, and at least one type of evidence is required. All the above evidence can help you think you have eaten.

I think you may need to vomit blood. It is so troublesome to prove that you have eaten a meal! Of course, eating is just an example.CmmeDuring the evaluation, every practice must provide such evidence.

There is no quick way to prepare for the evaluation, that is, to honestly follow the requirements of cmme, to conscientiously improve the process, and to carefully prepare written evidence, the interview was answered honestly according to the actual practice.

Enterprise business goals and cmme

There is a common misunderstanding in the industry. It seems that the higher the level of CMMS, the higher the project cost. So we have to ask, why are we still pursuing a high level? Why should enterprises evaluate CMMS?

There is another misunderstanding in the industry that CMMS is used to improve the quality of software. So does cmme not need to speed up software development and reduce costs? Software development has always been a balance between quality, progress, and cost. Does CMMS only focus on one aspect?

The company's business goals can be summarized simply by two words-"Making Money "! There are many ways to make money:

To improve the quality, we don't need a high quality. It's better than our competitors.

Our progress does not need to be fast, but at least faster than our competitors.

To reduce costs, you do not need to reduce the cost much. The key is to support the company's operations and make profits.

Cmme serves the business goals of enterprises! It neither improves the quality purely, nor increases the company's cost without high efficiency. Cmme is designed to improve productivity of enterprises!

If your company has implemented CMMS without increasing productivity, the improvement will fail, contrary to the original intention of CMMs. CMMS is a good thing. We are not doing well. It is not the fault of CMMs. It is because we have not understood or executed well.

How can I achieve it if it is difficult for cmme to bring value to enterprises? This content can be written into a book. This article is intended to clarify some misunderstandings, scan the illiteracy of CMMS, and prepare for the effective use of CMMs.

 

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