Basic knowledge of the operating system boot area

operating system boot process when the computer is booting, boot is automatically executed, directing the CPU to transfer the operating system from the mass memory to the main memory of the volatile area. Once the operating system is placed in the main memory, boot requires the CPU to execute a transfer instruction to the storage area, at which point the operating system takes over and begins to control the activity of the entire machine.

The computer's memory is divided intoHigh-capacity memory (usually hard disk) andMain storage (i.e.memory), the operating system (e.g.Windows, UNIX,LinuxMac OS) is installed on mass storage, and the main memory is divided into two parts: the ROM (Read only memory) and the volatile memory portion of the data that can be permanently saved (i.e. all data is lost after shutdown).
In the ROM section, there are two programs that boot (bootStrapping, referred to as boot) andBIOS (Basic input and output program)
When the computer is powered on, boot is automatically executed, directing the CPU to transfer the operating system from the mass memory to the volatile area of the main memory. Once the operating system is placed in the main memory, boot requires the CPU to execute a transfer instruction to the storage area, at which point the operating system takes over and begins to control the activity of the entire machine.
Before the operating system becomes available, boot can perform the BIOS and complete the basic input and output activities.
1, boot the BIOS (basic input and output system) boot program, identify and configure all Plug and Play devices, and configure the DMA channel, complete the power-on self-test, testing memory, port, keyboard, video adapter, disk drive and other basic equipment, as well as CD-ROM drive Boot-drive Bootable partitioning: in CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductors), you can set the boot order, the general sequence is floppy drive, disk, optical drive; load The master boot record and the partition table of the boot drive perform the master boot record MBR, the master boot record locates the bootable partition on the hard disk, loads its partition boot record into memory, and gives control to the partition boot record, locates the root directory by the partition boot record, and then loads the operating system.

Basic knowledge of the operating system boot area