Closeness and closeness-My Historical View

In the age when technology is insufficient, small scope is the scope of activity. Only technological advances and large scope of closeness can play a role, therefore, the scope of activities is related to technical capabilities. In the age of insufficient technology, a small area that is easy to access was quickly occupied by people and formed a powerful power center. These power centers in turn hindered people's free exchange, because the power center in that era is also the economic center. With the further expansion of the radiation scope of the power center, the power center finally reached the boundary of ability. Beyond this boundary, the closeness will no longer play a role, on the other hand, difficult closeness within a large scope will take effect. The fixation of power centers and the concentration of various factors in a small scope impede the development of border technologies, as a result, this large range of areas are not close to the block state.
If a small range is not close, but a large scope is close, the opposite is true. The closeness of a small scope prevents the formation of a power center.
Therefore, a more equal state is formed between a large number of small areas that are not close to each other. The decentralization of power is conducive to balanced development of technology and exchange of various aspects, this promotes small-scale development. When such development is saturated, the small-scale areas that are not easy to access tend to reach the boundary, and the areas outside the boundary are easy to access, at this time, the internal and external will be more conducive to a fusion and restructuring, if the external border is not close, at this time, the technical level is enough to make a large number of small areas that are not close to each other called a large scope that is easy to access, and then form a power center, and eventually get stuck. In other words, if the outside is not close, it will be difficult to inject fresh blood.
In short, with the development of technology, the scope of closeness is very small at the beginning, and it is more reasonable to meet the development mode of closeness border, because it will never form a large power center, in the end, when many small areas that are not close to each other become relatively easy to access, if the outside is still not close, the power center will be formed and will eventually fall into a block, but when the power center is about to be formed, if the external is easy to access, the external power will break the power center that will be formed or has just been formed. Just like a soap bubble, a single bubble will eventually break down. Many small bubbles will form a larger bubble only when they constantly collide and integrate.
The following describes the development of civilizations in the world by combining the elements of closeness and closeness. The two elements finally have four combinations:
1. small-scale closeness and external closeness: the Mediterranean coast in Europe is the best example of this pattern. Greece, Rome, and cartaiki are examples, at the beginning, they did not form a powerful power center because they were not close to each other. In the end, when they were not close to a narrow scope, they were no longer a problem, then the Power Center shows signs of formation and it has already taken shape. For example, after the Roman Empire ruled for about five centuries, the closeness of the final boundary played a role. The man-in-man is not really a barbarian, however, the development lags behind those of the Roman Empire. Some other nomadic peoples, such as hunnu, once again intrude into the power center, which eventually leads to the collapse of the power center, building more than N small countries on the basis of the spirit and technology, to teach power and kingdom and the development of business to form a spirit of diversification. these spirits are isolated from each other and are of considerable strength and are still difficult to form a power center, the essence of "Dark medieval" is the repetition of the development of the classical age, but the restriction at that time was that the region was not close, and at this time it was not close to spiritual diversification. Imagine what would happen in ancient Rome without the intrusion of other nations? Why are there intrusions from other ethnic groups? That is because of the closeness of the boundary of the region and the fact that these nations are not assimilated because of the inaccessibility of the region.
2. small-scale closeness and external closeness: China is a typical model of this model. He once got some information in Huang renyu's book, and the theory of rain and pornography is very good, however, it cannot be explained why South China is also unified. In fact, the rain-like line in Eurasia has not only been within East Asia and China, but also not just between nomadic peoples and China, the flood of rivers on a regular basis is even more prevalent. Chinese nomadic peoples are in the radiation center of power and in the close proximity of cavalry and infantry. Therefore, they are either defeated or assimilated, as this closeness is only for the military, and it is still not close to businessmen and peasants, the power center and these nations are always in confrontation and the border is basically fixed, when the power center radiates these nations, it will no longer be able to expand. The western Gobi, the desert in the north, the sea in the southeast, and the mountains in the Southwest are not close to the military, so the power center will not be affected, new elements cannot be introduced, and diversified development cannot be achieved. What's more, this has led to regional development imbalance and widespread poverty in the border areas. The closer the power center is, the more developed the border area. This situation has only changed since the Song dynasty. Let's take a look at N ancient capitals, almost all are the locations of power centers, which are ultimately identified by BJ. The reason why the South is unified is that it is easy to access. The Southeast monsoon makes the south of China the only "Oasis" in the same latitude (the rest are basically desert ), as a result, China's North-South climate gradient is very small, and the North-South distance itself is not big, so agriculture is easy to expand South, when there are more and more farmers in the North and discover that the South is also able to plant and produce similar things, they will not engage in risky business, but instead go to the south to plant the land, at the same time, the Yangtze River and the Yellow River have reduced the gradient in the east and west directions.
3. Small-scale closeness and external closeness: the Middle East is a good example. The Middle East has always been special. It is as special as Japan. from ancient times to modern times, many large power centers have been formed across three continents. However, none of these power centers can last for a long time, such as assyrian, persian, Arabic, and Turkish have formed a large power center because of internal closeness, but not long because of external closeness resulting from foreign invasion, then these foreign citizens establish a power center. What is the result? The result is that the values of people in the Middle East are chaotic. Therefore, religion is often the only target for them. Therefore, the problems in the Middle East are basically religious issues. They cannot beat emperors, the king or the President acted under the banner, because these people are unfamiliar and easy to change. They can only act under the banner of religion. The Middle East people are religious and devout, religion is also the most annoying part of them. This is their particularity.
4. small-scale closeness and external closeness: South America is an example. The technology level of the ancient period and small-scale closeness are prone to splendid city-state culture instead of Empire culture, however, when technology reaches the peak, there is an urgent need for new things to be injected. If there is no such thing, it will perish. If there is a powerful power center, civilization will continue and stagnate, however, the closeness of a small scale cannot form a large power center. Therefore, there are only a few causes of extinction. The city-state degrades due to the polarization of the rich and the poor, and a large natural disaster such as a volcano occurs, the earthquake has no means of rescue (and this is what the power center is good at), so the Maya civilization is destroyed.
Finally, Japan is the most special one. It is between easy proximity and not close to the middle. There are mountains and plains, but there are no large desert, the external world is also between easy proximity and not close to the middle. It is far away from the Chinese mainland but not reachable. Therefore, it is not extreme. It neither has the power center nor develops into diversification, therefore, it can only keep the power center in the spirit, and then carefully keep the diversity in the mind. Therefore, the Japanese seem to be a lot of things that come but can actually resist and have been resisted. Therefore, the special nature of the Japanese nation lies in its selectivity!