English Grammar Final Collection notes-4 auxiliary verbs and modal verb

The first part auxiliary verb

There are only auxiliary words in Chinese, and no auxiliary verbs. This is also a big difference between English and Chinese languages. The English auxiliary verb, is the auxiliary function verbs, itself does not have the independent meaning, cannot do the predicate alone, only plays the grammatical function in the sentence, and the notional verb forms the predicate (called compound predicate), expresses the negation, the question, the tense, the voice and other grammatical relations. Its basic form and function are as follows:

(i) Use of auxiliary verb be

1, with the current participle constitutes a variety of progressive tenses:

They is playing war games with toy guns and toy tanks. They are playing war games with toy guns and toy tanks.

We were playing video games in TV last night. We played video games on TV last night.

2, with the past participle constitute the passive voice:

He ' s not respected by the press. They are not respected by the press.

We were taught how to use a computer. Last year taught us how to use a computer.

(ii) Use of auxiliary verbs

The following participle forms the complete tenses:

We ' ve known each of the other since three years ago. We've known each other since three years ago.

He ' s been to Shanghai. He has been to Shanghai.

(c) Use of auxiliary verbs do

1 , help form the interrogative and negative expressions of notional verbs in general present tense and general past tense:

Do you know John? Do you know John?

Mary didn ' t come to see me yesterday. Mary didn't come to see me yesterday.

What do you like the picture, don ' t? You like this picture, don't you?

2. Instead of the verb mentioned earlier, avoid repetition:

Do you smoke?? Yes, I do. Do you smoke? -Yes, I smoke.

I smoke. So does he. I smoke. He also smokes.

He doesn ' t like it. Neither do I. He doesn't like it, neither do I.

They went swimming yesterday. So do we. They went swimming yesterday. We went, too.

3, help to strengthen the tone of the predicate verb:

I do like you. I really like you.

she/he does like you. She/he does like you.

She/they/we did go swimming yesterday. She/they/we did go swimming yesterday.

If you do know, the answer me in a loud voice so then all may hear. If you do know, answer me aloud so that everyone can hear you.

Be, has, do can do notional verbs by:

These is computers. These are the computers.

We ' re having a breakfast. We are having breakfast.

I did some washing last night. I washed my clothes last night.

(iv) Use of auxiliary verbs shall and would

1, the auxiliary verb shall/will constitutes the general future tense, should/would constitutes the past future tense

We Shall/will be rich, if we succeed. We will be very rich, if we succeed.

They would be rich, if they succeed. They will be very rich if they succeed.

They said they would be rich, if they succeeded. They say they will be very rich if they succeed.

2, shall used in the first to third person as the subject of the question, to seek advice, said: "Do not ..."

Shall I go now? Do you want me to go now?

Shall we invite her, too? Do we invite her, too?

Shall the house is insured against fire? Do you want to insure the house against fire?

Shall the reporters wait outside or what? Do you want the reporters to wait outside or what?

3. Shall is used for all people to say that the speaker's determination, assurance, promise, threats, warnings, orders and other strong feelings. For example:

You shall has an answer by tomorrow. By tomorrow, you will get an answer.

If he ' s good, he shall has a new watch for Christmas. If he behaves well, he will get a new watch at Christmas.

You shall suffer. You're going to have to pay for it!

I don ' t want to is hard on them; They shan ' t be pressed. I don't want to embarrass them;

They hope to undermine our unity; They shall fail. They want to undermine our unity: they will not succeed.

If you children don't do as I am, you are Shan ' t go to the party. If your children don't obey, they won't let you go to the party.

As a man sows, so he shall reap. Good inevitably, evil has a bad karma. Proverb

Then you shall come; And you'll come too, Ruth, won ' t you? Then you come, Ruth, will you please?

4 ,would can represent past habits, like used to:

He would come to see me in Sunday when he is here. He came to see me in Sunday when he was here.

The dog would lie there in the sun all afternoon. The dog used to lie in the sun all afternoon.

When we were children, we would go skating every winter. When we were young, we went skating every winter.

5 ,will can say "willing, ken, can, stubborn" and other meanings, not the future:

I meant to reason with your, but you won ' t reason. I'm going to be reasonable with you, but you are unreasonable.

I'll pay your for it. I'll pay you to buy it.

Go where you'll. To where you want to go.

She won ' t much as look at David. She didn't even look at David.

We ' re going on a climbing trip. Come if you'll. We are going to climb the mountain. Come with us if you like.

6 ,will can express tendencies, habits (always, often, etc.), in the negative sentence can be expressed as "unwilling, can not" meaning:

Boys'll be Boys. The boy is always a boy.

A wise man changes he mind; A fool never would. A wise man will change his mind, but a fool will not.

Sometimes the cat would lie there all morning. Sometimes the cat will lie there all afternoon.

Oil and water would not mix. Oil and water are not blended together.

She'll sit there for hours, waiting for her son to come back. She always sat there for hours, waiting for her son to come back.

This machine won ' t work. The machine is out of work/broken.

These things would happen. Such things always happen.

English Grammar Final Collection notes-4 auxiliary verbs and modal verb