Exploration on the teaching reform of mechanical drawing

Abstract: This paper points out the existing problems in the teaching of mechanical drawing, puts forward the use of modern teaching concepts and advanced teaching methods to improve the teaching process, emphasizing the role of students ' subjective initiative, supplemented by a variety of teaching methods to promote the improvement of teaching efficiency.

Key words: Mechanical drawing, teaching reform, reading diagram, initiative, ability

Mechanical drawing is the use of two-dimensional plane graphics to describe three-dimensional space, which is based on the object projection theory. This discipline is very beneficial to the cultivation of students ' space imagination, it is one of the core courses of mechanical specialty, and the teaching effect of the course will affect the students ' study of the next professional course, because it is a basic subject. Therefore, how to optimize the teaching content in the course of teaching to achieve the ability to train students ' theory and practice of mechanical drawing is very important, so we must seek innovation in teaching means and teaching methods, introduce advanced teaching ideas and teaching tools, and teach the new technology of mechanical drawing. Focus on arousing students ' interest, cultivating students ' space imagination ability and applying practical ability of reading graph cartography theory.

First, problems existing in the teaching of mechanical drawing

As with the teaching of other disciplines, the teaching process of mechanical drawing also has the disadvantage of teacher teaching, which can not arouse students ' enthusiasm. This kind of teaching method ignores the connection between theory and practice, and it is not conducive to the cultivation of students ' practical ability, active knowledge ability and self-exploration ability. Students only remember the content of the teacher or textbook, will become rigid, so that in order to cope with the classroom and learning, lack of motivation for learning. In addition, students have a long time, the problem of our students is the lack of space imagination, which is related to secondary education, which leads to the difficulties of students in learning mechanical drawing. So face multi-society, enterprises on the new requirements of talent training, mechanical drawing teaching curriculum reform is imminent, we must break the traditional teaching mode, make new teaching plan, organize the efficient teaching process, train qualified personnel with complete ability.

Second, the teaching reform method of mechanical drawing

1. taking students as the main body, setting up the teaching consciousness of students as the subject of classroom

Traditional teaching methods, teachers as the center, students out of the passive position, for a long time suppressed the students ' ability to actively think. The students in the passive position are dragged away by the teacher, ignoring the students ' cognitive differences, which is no longer applicable to the requirements of modern talent cultivation. Modern teaching should emphasize students-oriented, teachers play the role of guidance and supervision, design teaching routes, set teaching goals, inspire students to actively participate in the enthusiasm of the classroom, and interaction with students. To train students to read drawings, drawings and realize the comprehensive ability of drawing technical indicators, in order to achieve the purpose of applying professional knowledge to practical production practice process.

2. reorganization of teaching content

The content of any course should be reformed and reorganized with the development of the society dialectically, the invariable teaching content will be divorced from the times gradually, and the knowledge in the books can not meet the requirements of the enterprise very well. Therefore, the "mechanical drawing" of the teaching content of innovation and improvement, "mechanical drawing" including descriptive geometry, cartographic basis, mechanical drawings and computer graphics four parts, according to the current industry development and enterprise demand for talent analysis, social and technical personnel to figure out the ability of drawing, the requirements of higher, Therefore, in the teaching process should be "projection mapping" and "mechanical expression method" The two parts as the focus, on the computer graphics part should be emphasized, and the descriptive geometry of the content can be properly cut, so as to cultivate a complete knowledge base, knowledge structure is reasonable, the level of skills in line with the needs of the society's talents.

3. reforming traditional teaching methods

Discover the problem, analyze the problem and solve the problem through the whole process of teaching, the process of mechanical drawing of the red medicine pay attention to explaining more practice, for those students difficult to understand, abstract hidden knowledge points to focus on, methodical and gradual guide students gradually grasp the meaning. In addition to set aside enough time and space for students to practice their own, so that students can find problems in their own learning, in order to talk about promoting practice, to practice, in the thinking level of the graphics have a perceptual knowledge, in the practice of stimulating students to learn enthusiasm, training students to think independently of the ability to solve problems. In addition, students are encouraged to discuss with each other, enhance their sense of participation and abandon teachers ' cramming teaching. For example, organize students to discuss the national standards of mechanical drawing, enhance students ' understanding of national standards, strengthen the importance of adhering to national standards in mechanical drawing, and dialectically treat the clauses, try to analyze the rationality and reason of the stipulations.

4. using multimedia tools to teach

The appearance of modern audio-visual method has changed the teaching method of the traditional teachers ' blackboard chalk Compass Ruler, greatly reduced the labor intensity of teachers ' class and improved the teaching efficiency. The application of computer-assisted instruction can express knowledge through many forms, such as image, sound, animation and video, so as to enrich the teaching form, diversify the teaching content, visualize the teaching process, and create a lively and interesting and energetic classroom atmosphere for students. Teachers should master certain computer use technology and be able to make necessary teaching courseware. Skilled use of autocad,ppt and other teaching tools. For example, the projection of the principle of interpretation, can be animated flash form the visual image of the entire projection process, so that students have a vision of the projection theory, for the three-view restoration of space-based content, teachers can use the computer in advance to make three-dimensional map, when the students can not come out, the three-dimensional graphic display to students. This can save time and improve efficiency.

5. cultivating students ' thinking ability

Learning to observe is the beginning of mechanical drawing, this simple and intuitive form allows students to have a preliminary understanding of three-dimensional space entities and two-dimensional views, can be three-dimensional to two-dimensional change process has a basic understanding. Through the observation of the basic body model, the students are guided to discover the connection between the exploration point, the line and the surface. Through the observation of the composition of the students to understand its form and characteristics, in addition, through the observation of the parts, analysis of the structural characteristics of the parts, so that students contact the actual parts, understanding of its structure, so that the development of space imagination to lay the foundation. In addition, we should guide the students to carry out active thinking activities, analyze the process of the change of graphics, and simulate the imaging process in the mind. We know that the two basic methods of drawing and reading are "body analysis method" and "line Analysis method", in order to understand the composition of the geometry, to know the connection between the shape and position, and to draw three views according to the observation result, so that the students ' brains can be fully mobilized and the students ' ability of observing and plotting and space imagination be cultivated

Always, in order to cultivate qualified talents adapting to the development of modern society, the teaching of mechanical drawing must reform the traditional teaching content, adopt new teaching methods, and inspire students ' enthusiasm of learning and guide students to study actively by taking the idea of students as the central subject. Constantly exploring the improvement methods of mechanical drawing teaching, teachers can exchange teaching experience with each other, find more new methods to effectively improve the teaching effect, and train more talents with professional skills and professional ability.

Reference documents:

[l] Xuchangqing, Xuzhi, Guoxiaowen and so on. Computer graphics [M]. Mechanical Industry Press, 2004

[2] Du Xiaozhan. Computer graphics Fundamentals [M]. Industrial Press, 2004

Exploration on the teaching reform of mechanical drawing