Appium First Knowledge

First, appium working principle

The basic workflow is as follows:

1. Appium provides a set of Web services that appium a server (4723 port) for communicating with the script client.
   
2. The server receives the Web driver (i.e. Appium client) standard request, parses the request content, and invokes the corresponding framework response operation.
3. Appium server forwards the request to the Bootstrap.jar,bootstrap on the device in Android to receive the Appium command (Port 4724), and the underlying operation is performed by invoking the Uiautomator command.
4. The execution results are also returned to Appium server by bootstrap.

Schematic diagram:

Two ports:

• 4723:appium server communication with the Automation script client
• 4724:appium server communication to mobile devices

Second, Appium advantages

• Box platform
• Cross-application
• Cross-Architecture: supports native and WebView two architectures
• Cross-language: Do not restrict scripting languages
• Other: Do not rely on source code, do not need to re-sign, unrestricted testing framework and platform (Eg:testng,jtest)

Third, use case writing process

1, start Appium server;
2, init driver;
Desiredcapabilities settings: app, device, PlatformName, devicename, Udid, timeout, etc.
3, use case execution: Simulate the user to do UI operation;
4. Test Complete:

1. 卸载app：removeapp  2. driver退出：driver.quit()

Four, the common API element positioning

The Appium element positioning method relies on selenium, so selenium positioning, appium support, and Android and iOS native positioning methods are supported.

Element Positioning method:

Method	meaning
Findelementbyid	The id attribute of the element
Findelementsbyname	The Name property of the element
Findelementbytagname	The label name of the element
Findelementsbyclassname	The class property of the element
Findelementbycssselector	Selenium's most powerful positioning method, faster than XPath, but harder than XPath
Findelementbyxpath	What is XPath
Findelementbycssselector	Selenium's most powerful positioning method, faster than XPath, but harder than XPath
Findelementsbylinktext	All display text for linked elements
Findelementbypartiallinktext	Part of a linked element displays text
Accessibilityid	Appium is used to override the name positioning method, android-mainly uses the element's CONTENT-DESC attribute; ios-uses the element's label or name
Findelementbyandroiduiautomator (New Uiselector (). Text (text))	Find by text

Android Common methods: ID, ClassName, XPath, Androiduiautomator, Accessibilityid.

(i) Element positioning attributes supported by Androiduiautomator

index(int index)text(String text)resourceId(String id)className(String className)packageName(String packageName)description(String desc)checked(boolean val)clickable(boolean val)enabled(boolean val)longClickable(boolean val)password(boolean val)selected(boolean val)instance(int val)

Feature: All attributes of an element can be used for positioning, very powerful and fast.

(ii) XPath element positioning

1. Use absolute path

 driver.findElementByXPath("className/className/className/className");

2. Using relative paths

 driver.findElementByXPath("//className");

3. Using the index of an element

 driver.findElementByXPath("//className[index]");

4. Positioning by attributes of elements

 driver.findElementByXPath("//className[@label='XXX'][@isVisible='1']");

V. Driver support operation of common API

            //元素操作            webElement.click();            webElement.sendkeys();                    //文件传输            driver.pushFile(remotePath, file);            driver.pullFile(remotePath);                //启动activity            driver.startActivity(activity);                        //APP操作            driver.installApp(appPath);            driver.resetApp();            driver.launchApp();            driver.closeApp();            driver.removeApp(bundleId);

Vi. assertions of common APIs

Assert.assertTrue(boolean);Assert.assertFalse(boolean);Assert.assertSame(expected, actual);Assert.assertEquals(expected, actual);

Androiddriverwait: Wait for the xxx element to appear

Principle Reference: 69220719

Appium First Knowledge