Calculus (calculus)

Calculus learning turning? It's a strange story. In fact, Calculus, like a car, turns slowly.

In November 11, 1675, German mathematician Leibniz wrote the points and differential symbols in his notebook: Attention and D. This was the beginning of calculus. He insisted that differential dx is an infinitely small number (infinitesimal), So he developed paradoxing properties related to the infinitely small calculus (I .e. the current calculus. In 1734, rapheniz's infinitely small doctrine was accepted by the British Archbishop George
Berkeley's violent criticism, he said: Differential dx is the ghost of the dead amount (
Ghost of departed quantities ). As a result, calculus began to turn, and the (ε, Delta) theory of limitation took the upper hand and completely abandoned the infinitely small.

In 1960s, A. Robinson, a mathematical logic model theory expert, launched "non-standard analysis" in an attempt to resurrect laveniz's infinitely small theory. Calculus begins to turn again. 2012, Israeli mathematician Katz
Mikhail published a paper, saying: leveniz's infinitely small theory, "grounded
Than Berkeley's empiricist criticisms (more theoretical basis than Berkeley's empirical criticism ). See Katz and Mikhail;
Sherry, David (2012), "Leibniz's infinitesimals: Their fictionality, their modern implementations, and their foes from Berkeley to Russell and beyond ".

As we can see, calculus has now turned to two "corners ". In the next curve, the United States took the lead. Now, we need to follow up with the US "PK.