Router interface configuration and management--3

Router WAN Interface Configuration

Second, CE1/PRI interface configuration and management

You can use the Ce1/pri interface when you need to transfer your business through the E1 system. E1 system and T1 system are a kind of access line standard of WAN leased line, all belong to PDH (plesiochronous digital Hierarchy, quasi-synchronous system) system. T1 Support 1.544MBIT/S line telephone data transmission, composed of 24 independent channels, each channel transmission rate is 64kbit/s, can simultaneously transmit voice and data. The E1 supports 2.048mbit/s rates, consisting of 30 channel data channels and two signaling control channels, with a total of 32 paths, each 64kbit/s. T1, E1 is commonly used in enterprise dedicated line and the Internet connection, also can be used for ISP to backbone network connection.

1, CE1/PRI interface Introduction

CE1/PRI (channelized e1/primary rate Interface, channel-based E1/base Group Speed Interface) is a physical interface of E1 system, which can transmit voice, data and image signals. The CE1/PRI interface can operate in E1 mode (non-channel mode) and CE1/PRI (channel mode). To pay attention to the difference between E1 and CE1, CE1 is the E1 of the channel, that is, the original whole 2.048mbit/s line into a number of small transmission channels, so that can host multiple business flows at the same time. CE1/PRI interfaces are commonly used to connect telecommunications equipment.

1) When working in E1 mode, the equivalent of a non-time slot, the data bandwidth of 2.048MBIT/S interface, its logical characteristics and synchronous serial port, support PPP, Frame Relay and other data Link layer protocol, Support IP network protocol.
2) When working in CE1/PRI mode, there are two ways to use it: the CE1 interface and the PRI interface. In the channel mode, the original 2MBIT/S transmission line is divided into 32 64kbit/s time slots, the corresponding number is 0~31, wherein the 0 o'clock gap is used to transmit synchronization information, can not be used to transfer business data.

--When used as a CE1 interface, all slots except the 0 o'clock Gap are randomly divided into channels set (channel set), each set of time slots after bundling, as an interface, its logical characteristics and synchronous serial port, support PPP, HDLC and FR Data Link layer protocol, Support IP network protocol.

When used as a PRI interface, the timeslot 16 is transmitted as a D-channel, so that only a set of timeslot is selected as a B-channel from a time slot other than the 0 and 16 o'clock slots, and together with the 16 o'clock Gap, it is bundled into a base group (PRI set), used as an ISDN PRI interface, Supports PPP, HDLC, and FR Data Link layer protocols and supports IP network protocols.

In the AR G3 series routers, the Ce1/pri interface is provided by a 1e1t1-m or 2e1t1-m or 4e1t1-m or 8e1t1-m interface card.

Description

1/2/4/8: Represents 1 ports, 2 ports, 4 ports, and 8 ports, respectively.
E1: Represents the E1 interface.
T1: Represents the T1 interface.
M: Represents the Multiflex Trunk.
PRI (Primary rates Interface): Represents the base group rate interface for ISDN.
VE1: Represents the Voice E1.
4E1/T1-M/8E1/T1-M Single Board currently supports only CE1 functions and reserves the ability to support T1/PRI.

2. Ce1/pri Interface Physical Properties

Physical properties mainly include clock mode, frame format, line idle code type, inter-frame padding, AIS (Alarm indication Signal, warning signal), and RAI (remote Alart indication, long-range warning indication).

1) Clock mode: In the process of communication, in order to ensure that the communication between the two sides can accurately exchange data, the communication needs to work in the clock synchronization state. The clock supported by the CE1/PRI interface has a master, from two modes, two connected ports are typically one slave, clocks are provided by the main device, and the clock is recovered from the device using the line.

2) Frame format: CE1/PRI interface supports two types of frame formats (only works in CE1, PRI mode CE1/PRI interface support)

--CRC4 frame format: A complex frame formed using the first bit of the timeslot 0, containing 16 successive PCM frames.

--Non-CRC4 frame format (Basic frame format): Also known as two-frame format or odd-even frame format, even frame time slot 0 frame synchronization signal "0011011", odd frame time slot 0 second bit fixed to "1", and even the second bit of the frame "0" difference.

3) Line Idle code: is not bound to the logical channel of the time slot sent on the code word, AR G3 support two kinds: 0x7e and 0xFF.

4) Inter-frame padding: Refers to the time slot that has been bound to the logical channel when no business data is sent when the code word,AR G3 supports two fillers: 0x7e and 0xFF, and supports the minimum number of padding to configure.

5) AIS alarm: Also known as the upstream alarm, used to indicate that the device receives the direction of the line problem or the remote device has a fault. When the received signal in the continuous 512bit "0" the number of less than 3 to generate AIS alarm, not less than 3 AIS alarm release. Only CE1/PRI interfaces that work in E1 mode are supported.

6) Rai alarm: It is due to the device found some problems, such as clock out of sync, LOS (Loss of Signal, loss of signal) and so on, causing the local frame out of step and back to its upstream equipment alarm signal. Only CE1/PRI interfaces that work in CE1, PRI mode are supported.

3. Configure CE1/PRI interface to work in E1 mode

You can configure the Ce1/pri interface to work in E1 mode when you need to access the transmission network via a E1 leased line with a bandwidth of 2M.

The physical properties of the supported configurations are slightly different when the Ce1/pri interface works in different ways. When working in E1 mode, support for configuring clock mode, line idle code, inter-frame padding, and AIS detection is not supported for frame format and RAI alarm configuration.

The Ce1/pri interface works in the configuration of the E1 mode:

In addition to the clock mode, the other parameters of the Ce1/pri interface must be consistent with the peer, which may cause communication anomalies.

4. Configure CE1/PRI interface to work in CE1 mode

When multiple low-speed (e.g. 128K, 256K) E1 channels are required to transmit different services, the Ce1/pri interface can be configured to work in CE1 mode, with support for configuring clock mode, frame format, line idle code, inter-frame padding, and rai detection.

Typical application scenarios:

The configuration is similar to E1, the main difference is the interface working mode, time slot bundling, frame format and rai detection of these 4 aspects.

5. Configure the Ce1/pri interface to work in the PRI mode

You can configure the Ce1/pri interface to work in the PRI mode when you need to use an ISDN PRI interface to access an ISDN network.

Application Scenarios:

6. Ce1/pri Interface Management

1) Display Controller E1 interface-number: View the status and parameters of the corresponding CE1/PRI interface.

2) Display Interface serial Interface-number: View the status and statistics of the corresponding serial interface.

3) Reset counters interface serial "Interface-number": Clears the statistics on the serial port generated by all or the specified CE1/PRI interface. After clearing the statistics of the interface, all statistics cannot be recovered. You can also configure the loopback detection feature for the Ce1/pri interface by using the loopback {local | payload | remote} in the Ce1/pri interface view:

Local: Set the interface to the self-ring, refers to the output direction of the device loopback, to test the device is normal.

Payload: Set the interface for net load loopback, refers to the output direction of the device loopback payload, usually TS0 (time slot 0) does not participate in the loopback.

Remote: Sets the interface external loopback, which is the loopback of the input data stream sent by the peer device to test whether the link between the devices is normal.

Originally wanted to do a configuration experiment, but ENSP did not find Ce1/pri interface card, can not do.

Three, E1-F interface configuration and management

The E1-f interface is a simplified version of the Ce1/pri interface (no channel), as well as the transmission of voice, data and image signals.

1, E1-f interface Introduction

In E1 access applications, it is wasteful to use the Ce1/pri interface if you do not need to divide multiple channel sets or require ISDN PRI functionality, and you can use the E1-f interface to meet these simple E1 access requirements. The E1-f interface is supported by the 1/2/4/8e1t1-f interface card.

The E1-f interface has two modes of operation: non-framing and framing.

1) Work in non-framing mode, the equivalent of a non-time slot, the data bandwidth is 2048KBIT/S interface, its logical characteristics and synchronous serial port (serial interface) is the same, support PPP, HDLC and FR Data Link layer protocol, Support IP network protocol, support configuration clock mode, line idle code, Physical properties such as inter-frame padding and AIS detection.

2) Work in framing mode, the line is divided into 32 time slots, corresponding to the number 0~31, wherein the 0 o'clock gap for the transmission of synchronization information, the remaining time slots can be arbitrarily bundled into a channel, the E1-f interface bandwidth of N*64KBIT/S (n refers to the bundle of time slots, the maximum value of 31), its logical characteristics The same as the synchronous serial port (serial interface), supports PPP, HDLC, and FR Data Link layer protocols, supports IP network protocols, and supports the configuration of physical properties such as clock mode, line idle code, inter-frame padding, and rai detection.

Compared with the Ce1/pri interface, the E1-f interface has the following features:

1) When working in frame mode, the E1-f interface can only bundle the timeslot into one channel, while the Ce1/pri interface can group the time slots arbitrarily and bundle them into multiple channels.

2) The E1-f interface does not support PRI mode.

2. Configure the E1-f interface to work in non-framing mode

The E1-f interface can be configured to work in non-framing mode when a E1 line with a bandwidth of 2mbit/s is required to access the transmission network.

Application Scenarios:

3. Configure the E1-f interface to work in frame mode

If you need to use a low rate (such as 512KBIT/S) E1 Channel Transport Service, you can configure the E1-f interface to work in framing mode.

4. E1-f Interface Management

1) Display Fe1 serial interface-number: View basic configuration information and alarm conditions for the specified e1-f interface.

2) Display Interface serial Interface-number: View the status and statistics of the specified E1-f interface.

3) Reset counters interface serial "Interface-number": Clears the statistics on the serial port generated by the E1-f interface.

E1-f Interface Loopback detection function: FE1 Loopback {Local | payload | remote}.

5. Testing

1) two X serial interface after AR1220 expansion 2e1-f interface

Physical topology: Two routers configured E1-f interface, configured to non-framing mode, both sides of IP such as, in the middle through the cloud connection, the cloud set up two E1 interface

For RA:

RA because the 2e1-f interface card is plugged in slot 1, so the set Workmode slot is 1, prompting is already configured, using the Reset slot 1 to make the veneer reboot. And then into the E1-f interface view, here is serial 1/0/0,

Fe1 Unframed Set the non-framing mode, the clock mode is set to master, and then the RB is configured:

Here the main is the clock mode is set to Slave, both ends are configured on IP,

As you can see here, the link layer uses the PPP protocol by default.

Test: Configure Frame mode:

Configuration of RC:

[RC]set Workmode slot 1 e1t1-f e1-f
Warning:the specified work mode was the same as work mode it has been Configu
Red. Please reset the board to take effect first.
[RC]Reset Slot 1
Is you sure want to reset board in slot 1? [Y/n]:y
Info:resetting Board[1] succeeded.
[Rc]interface serial 1/0/0
[rc-serial1/0/0]undo Fe1 Unframed
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 timeslot-list 1-3,8,10, 17-28
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 line-termination 120-ohm
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 Frame-format CRC4
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 Clock Master
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 data-coding Normal
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 idlecode 7e
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 ITF number
[rc-serial1/0/0]fe1 ITF type FF
[rc-serial1/0/0]Fe1 Detect-rai
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rc-serial1/0/0]CRC
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rc-serial1/0/0]Link-protocol FR #--I changed the link layer protocol to FR, Frame relay
Warning:the Encapsulation Protocol of the link would be changed. Continue? [y/n]
: Y
[rc-serial1/0/0]ip Address 10.10.10.3
[Rc-serial1/0/0]dis This
[V200R003C00]
#
Interface serial1/0/0
Link-protocol FR
IP address 10.10.10.3 255.255.255.0
Fe1 timeslot-list 1-3,8,10,17-28
Fe1 Frame-format CRC4
Fe1 Clock Master
FE1 ITF type FF
Fe1 ITF number 12
#
Return

Router rd:

<RD>SYS
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl + Z.
[RD]set Workmode slot 2 e1t1-f e1-f
Warning:the specified work mode was the same as work mode it has been Configu
Red. Please reset the board to take effect first.
[RD]Reset Slot 2
Is you sure want to reset board in slot 2? [Y/n]:y
Info:resetting Board[2] succeeded.
[RD]interface serial 2/0/0
[rd-serial2/0/0]undo Fe1 Unframed
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rd-serial2/0/0]fe1 timeslot-list 1-3,8,10 #--here is different from RC, the rate is low
[rd-serial2/0/0]fe1 line-termination 120-ohm
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rd-serial2/0/0]fe1 Frame-format CRC4
[rd-serial2/0/0]fe1 Clock slave
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rd-serial2/0/0]fe1 data-coding Normal
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rd-serial2/0/0]fe1 idlecode 7e
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rd-serial2/0/0]Fe1 ITF number
[rd-serial2/0/0]fe1 ITF type FF
[rd-serial2/0/0]Fe1 Detect-rai
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rd-serial2/0/0]CRC
Warning:configuration is repeated.
[rd-serial2/0/0]ip Address 10.10.10.4
[Rd-serial2/0/0]ping 10.10.10.3
PING 10.10.10.3:56 Data bytes, press Ctrl_c to break
Request Time Out
Request Time Out
Request Time Out
Request Time Out
Request Time Out


---10.10.10.3 ping statistics---
5 packet (s) transmitted
0 packet (s) received
100.00% Packet Loss


[Rd-serial2/0/0]dis This
[V200R003C00]
#
Interface serial2/0/0
Link-protocol PPP
IP address 10.10.10.4 255.255.255.0
Fe1 timeslot-list 1-3,8,10
Fe1 Frame-format CRC4
FE1 ITF type FF
Fe1 ITF number 12
#
Return
[rd-serial2/0/0]Link-protocol FR
Warning:the Encapsulation Protocol of the link would be changed. Continue? [y/n]
: Y
[Rd-serial2/0/0]ping 10.10.10.3
PING 10.10.10.3:56 Data bytes, press Ctrl_c to break
Request Time Out
Request Time Out
Request Time Out
Request Time Out
Request Time Out


---10.10.10.3 ping statistics---
5 packet (s) transmitted
0 packet (s) received
100.00% Packet Loss


[Rd-serial2/0/0]dis This
[V200R003C00]
#
Interface serial2/0/0
Link-protocol FR
IP address 10.10.10.4 255.255.255.0
Fe1 timeslot-list 1-3,8,10
Fe1 Frame-format CRC4
FE1 ITF type FF
Fe1 ITF number 12
#
Return

To here has been ping does not pass, will fe1 timeslot-list 1-3,8,10 add 17-28, and RC Same, also not, finally modified Link-protocol for PPP, both are modified, then pass, think about, Is it possible that the connection between the two routers is a problem???? I'm using the E1 connection. (conjecture only)

Later all changed to HDLC, also can ping, change into x25, not pass.

Router interface configuration and management--3