Glossary of Bluetooth terms

Instant Network

A network that is typically created spontaneously. The immediate network does not require architecture and is subject to time and space constraints.

Activity from device broadcast (ASB)

The ASB logical transfer can be used to transmit L2CAP user communications to all active devices in a Pico network.

Advanced Audio Distribution configuration file (A2DP)

The A2DP configuration file describes how stereo quality audio is transferred from the media to the sink point. The profile defines the audio source and the two roles of the meeting point. A typical use of media players such as the "Walkman" class. The audio source can be a music player, and the audio meeting point is a wireless headset. A2DP defines protocols and programs that enable the distribution of mono or stereo high-quality audio content on an ACL channel.

Audio/Video Remote control configuration file (AVRCP)

The AVRCP is designed to provide a standard interface for controlling TVs, hi-fi devices, and more. This profile is used to license a single remote control device (or other device) to control the A/V devices that all users can access. AVRCP defines how to control the characteristics of streaming media. Includes pause, stop, start replay, volume control, and other types of remote control operations.

Beacon Column

A pattern of reserved time slots in a basic or adaptive pico-Net physical channel. The transmissions initiated in these slots are used to synchronize the sleeping devices.

Basic Imaging configuration file (BIP)

BIP defines how to remotely control imaging devices, how imaging devices are printed, and how imaging devices transfer images to storage devices. Typical applications such as using a mobile phone to control the shutter operation of a digital camera.

Basic Print configuration file (BPP)

BPP allows a device to send text, e-mail, vCard, images, or other items to the printer as a print job. It differs from HCRP in that it does not require a driver that differs from the printer. This makes it more suitable for embedded devices such as mobile phones and digital cameras, which are not easily updated with drivers that rely on the printer vendor.

Bluetooth Wireless Technology

Bluetooth wireless technology is a wireless communication link that works over the 2.4 GHz ISM band without requesting a license through a frequency hopping transceiver. It supports real-time AV and data communication between Bluetooth hosts. The link protocol is based on the timeslot.

Bluetooth Baseband

This is the part of a Bluetooth system that specifies or implements a media access and physical layer program to support real-time voice, data flow exchange, and instant networking between Bluetooth devices.

Bluetooth Clock

The 28-bit clock inside the Bluetooth controller subsystem ticks once per 312.5 Ms. The value of this clock defines the time slot number and timing in the various physical channels.

Bluetooth Controller

Includes subsystems for Bluetooth RF, baseband, resource controller, link Manager, Device Manager, and Bluetooth HCI.

Bluetooth enabled Devices

A Bluetooth enabled device (or Bluetooth device) is a device that can use a Bluetooth system for short-distance wireless communication.

Bluetooth Device Address

The 48-bit address used to identify each Bluetooth device. This is often referred to as bd_addr in technical specifications.

Bd_addr

Bluetooth device address, BD_ADDR used to identify Bluetooth devices.

Bluetooth HCI

Bluetooth HCI provides a command interface for the baseband controller and link manager, as well as access to hardware status and control registers. This interface provides a unified method for accessing the Bluetooth baseband functionality.

Bluetooth Host

A Bluetooth host can be a computing device, a peripheral device, a cellular phone, a PSTN network, or a LAN access point, and so on. Bluetooth hosts attached to the Bluetooth controller can communicate with other Bluetooth hosts attached to their respective Bluetooth controllers.

Bluetooth configuration file

The Bluetooth configuration file expresses the general behavior that Bluetooth devices can communicate with other devices through these behaviors. Bluetooth Technology defines a wide range of configuration files and describes many different types of use cases. In order to use Bluetooth wireless technology, the device must be able to translate a specific Bluetooth configuration file. The configuration file defines the possible apps.

Channel

It can be either a physical channel or a L2CAP channel, depending on the context.

Connection (to service)

Establish a connection to a service. If not already established, this also includes establishing physical links, logical transports, logical links, and L2cap channels.

Devices can be connected

A Bluetooth device located within discoverable range that periodically listens for its paging scan physical channel and responds to paging on that channel.

Is connecting

A phase of communication between devices that indicates that a connection is being established between devices. (The connection phase occurs after the link establishment phase is complete.) ）

Connection

A connection between two peer applications or a higher-level protocol mapped to a L2CAP channel.

Establish a connection

Creates a program that maps to a connection to a channel.

Cordless phone configuration file (CTP)

The CTP defines how to implement a cordless phone over a Bluetooth wireless link. This profile can be used for dedicated cordless phones or phones that are used as cordless phones in proximity to the CTP base station. The expected scenario is that when you are at home, your phone can use a Bluetooth CTP gateway connected to the land line and use the cellular network when it goes out of scope.

Coverage area

An area where two Bluetooth devices can exchange messages with qualified quality and performance.

Create a secure connection

Establish a connection program that includes authentication and encryption.

Create a trust relationship

A program that marks a remote device as a trusted device. This includes storing a generic link key for future authentication and pairing (if no link key is available).

Device Discovery

Retrieves the Bluetooth device address, clock, Device category field, and the pager mode used by the program from the discoverable device.

Dial-Up Networking configuration file (DUN)

DUN provides standards for accessing the Internet and other dial-up services via Bluetooth wireless technology. The most common scenario is dialing on your phone and wirelessly connecting to the Internet from your laptop.

Discoverable devices

A Bluetooth device located within discoverable range that periodically listens to its query to scan the physical channel and responds to query requests on that channel. Under normal circumstances, the device can be found to be connected.

Encryption

Data encoding method to prevent others from deciphering the information.

Extended Service Discovery configuration file (ESDP)

ESDP defines how a Universal Plug and Play device operates over a Bluetooth wireless connection.

Fax configuration file (传真)

The fax configuration file defines how the terminal device uses the FAX Gateway appliance. Fax is intended to provide an appropriately defined interface between a mobile phone or a landline and a PC with fax software installed. A typical configuration is to use a mobile phone as the fax gateway for personal computers to send fax transmissions to any receiver.

File transfer configuration file (FTP)

FTP defines how client devices can browse folders and files on a server device. Once the client has found the file or location, the client can pull the file from the server or push the file from the client to the server via Goep.

General audio/Video distribution profile (GAVDP)

GAVDP provides the foundation for A2DP and VDP, and the latter is the basis for systems designed to distribute audio and video streams using Bluetooth wireless technology. In general use, devices such as "Walkman" can act as initiators, while headphones act as receivers.

Universal access profile (GAP)

GAP is the basis for all other configuration files, and it defines a common method for establishing baseband links between Bluetooth devices. This profile defines a number of common operations that can be used by a configuration file that references GAP and a device that implements multiple configuration files. GAP ensures that two Bluetooth devices, regardless of manufacturer and application, can exchange information through Bluetooth technology to discover applications that support each other. Bluetooth devices that do not conform to any other Bluetooth profile must be compliant with GAP to ensure basic interoperability and coexistence.

Universal Object Exchange configuration file (Goep)

Goep can be used to transfer objects from one device to another. objects can be arbitrary, slices, documents, business cards, and so on. This profile defines two roles: the server that provides the location of the pull or push object, and the client that initiates the operation. Goep provides a common blueprint for other configuration files that use the OBEX protocol.

Hands-free configuration file (HFP)

This is often used to let the car use hands-free communication with the in-car mobile phone. It uses SCO to carry mono, continuous variable slope increment modulation or pulse code logarithmic one or μ-quantization of audio channel modulation, the current version is 1.5. HFP describes how gateway devices are used to make and receive calls for hands-free devices. Typical configurations such as automobiles use mobile phones as gateway devices. In the car, the stereo system is used for telephone audio, while the in-car microphone is used to send output audio when calling. HFP can also be used as a mobile speaker in your PC's home or office environment.

Hard copy Cable replacement configuration file (HCRP)

HCRP defines how to complete driver-based printing over a Bluetooth wireless link. This configuration file defines both the client and server roles. The client is a device that contains a print driver that is appropriate for the server on which the client wants to print content. A common configuration, such as a personal computer that acts as a client, is printed using a printer that acts as a server through a driver. This provides a more convenient wireless option to replace the cable connection between the device and the printer. HCRP does not set standards for communication to the printer, so the driver depends on the specific printer model or range.

Headset configuration file (HSP)

This is the most commonly used configuration for current popular support for Bluetooth headsets with mobile phones. It relies on SCO in the 64,000-bit encoded audio/s of the CVSD or PCM as well as at commands from a subset of GSM 07.07, including the smallest control of the ring capability, answer incoming calls, hang up and volume adjustment. HSP describes how a Bluetooth headset communicates with a computer or other Bluetooth device, such as a mobile phone. When connected and configured, the headset can be used as an audio input and output interface for remote devices.

Man-Machine Interface Device profile (HID)

The HID profile defines the protocols, programs, and features used by Bluetooth hid (such as keyboards, pointing devices, game devices, and remote monitoring devices).

Query device

The Bluetooth device that executes the query program.

Inquire

A Bluetooth device transmits a query message and listens for a response in an attempt to discover a program that covers other Bluetooth devices in the area.

Query scan

A Bluetooth device listens to a program whose query scans the physical channel for a query message received on it.

Internal communication System Configuration file (ICP)

As with other noises, other people can't hear what you say, Bluetooth radio may not be received due to other RF interference. This is particularly noteworthy because Bluetooth wireless technology is transmitted using a band that does not require a license. Fortunately, the technology is designed to not only generate unnecessary noise in the band, but also to avoid other radio waves. Some of the common RF technology products that can affect Bluetooth wireless products include microwaves and some models of cordless telephones.

Interference

Information entities in a stream are tied together by time relationships with their forward and subsequent entities.

Wait-time data

The information in the stream in which the information entities are bundled by time relationship with their forward and subsequent entities.

Known devices

A Bluetooth device that has at least stored its bd_addr.

L2cap Channel

A logical connection established by two devices on the L2CAP layer, serving single-application or higher-level protocols.

Establish L2CAP Channel

A program that establishes a logical connection on the L2CAP layer.

Establish a link

A program that establishes a default ACL link, link level, and channel between devices.

Uplink

Shorthand for the logical link.

Link key

Both devices know and are used to authenticate each other's keys.

LMP Verification

Verify the LMP layer steps for the remote device entity.

LMP Pairing

A program that validates two devices and creates a shared link key, which is the basis of a trust relationship or (single) secure connection.

Logical Channel

Same as the L2cap channel, but because there are other meanings in Bluetooth version 1.1, it is deprecated.

Logical link

A minimum architecture layer that provides a separate data transfer service for Bluetooth system clients.

Logical transfer

This is used in Bluetooth wireless technology to denote the commonality of two different logical links due to the existence of a shared acknowledgment protocol and link identifiers.

Name Discovery

Search for programs that can connect the user-friendly name (Bluetooth device name) of the device.

Object Exchange (OBEX) protocol

The OBEX transport protocol defines the data objects and the communication protocols that two devices use to exchange these objects. The OBEX supports applications working on the Bluetooth protocol stack and the IrDA stack. For Bluetooth devices, only connection-oriented OBEX are supported. Three application profiles have been developed using OBEX, namely SYNC, FTP, and OPP.

Data package

The format of the collection bits transmitted on the physical channel.

Paging

During the initial phase of the connector, the device issues a series of pager messages at this stage until a response is received from the target device or a timeout occurs.

Paging scan

The device listens to its pager to scan the physical channel for a pager message received on the program.

Paging device

The Bluetooth device that executes the pager.

Paired devices

A Bluetooth device with which the link key has been exchanged (either before the request establishes a connection or during the connection phase).

Paired

The process of establishing a new relationship between two Bluetooth devices. During this process, the link key is exchanged (before the connection is requested or during the connection phase).

Hibernation device

The device runs in the base mode Pico network that has been synchronized to the primary device, but discards its default ACL logical transfer.

Password

When pairing a device, it is strongly recommended that you use a password to verify the incoming connection. Also, in some connection situations, you need to be sure to connect to the right device or individual. Passwords are usually any combination of keystrokes (letters or numbers). When you use it, be aware that some devices map characters in different ways. The key is valid only at connection time, and the key used for different devices or users can be different.

Personal LAN configuration file (PAN)

The PAN describes how two or more Bluetooth devices form an instant network and how to use the same mechanism to access a remote network over a network access point. Profile roles include network access points, group instant networks, and personal LAN users.

Physical channel

Performance is a series of RF carriers that are synchronized by one or more devices. There are many kinds of physical channel types, and their respective characteristics are determined by their different uses.

Physical link

A base-layer connection created between two devices through a page.

Pico Net

A collection of devices that occupy a shared physical channel, one of which is a pico-net master device, and the remaining devices are connected to the main device.

Pico-Net physical channel

A channel divided into several timeslot, each of which is associated with an RF frequency hopping. The continuous frequency hopping usually corresponds to a different RF frequency hopping and occurs at a standard hop frequency of hops/s. These continuous hopping sequences follow a pseudo-random frequency hopping sequence, which is a frequency hopping between 79 RF channels.

Pico-Net Master device

A device in a Pico network whose Bluetooth clock and Bluetooth device address define the characteristics of a pico-net physical channel.

Pico-Net from the device

Any device other than the primary device in the Pico net, connected to the Pico-Net master device.

PIN

A user-friendly number that can be used to verify the connection of a device before pairing occurs.

Composite Pico NET member (PMP)

It also acts as a device for multiple pico-Net members, and it can use time Division multiplexing (TDM) to alternate activities on each of the Pico-net physical channels.

Hibernate from Device broadcast (PSB)

Hibernation broadcasts a logical transfer from the device for communication between the primary device and the dormant device.

Range

The area that a Bluetooth radio signal can cover. This area may be affected by a number of factors.

Scattering nets

Two or more Pico nets that include one or more PMP devices.

Serial port configuration file (SPP)

The SPP defines how to set up a virtual serial port and how to connect two Bluetooth devices.

Service Layer Agreement

protocol for transmitting PDUs using the L2cap channel.

Service discovery

Query and browse programs that are provided by or through other Bluetooth devices.

Service Discovery App configuration file (SDAP)

SDAP describes how an application can use the SDP to discover services on a remote device. SDAP requires that any application should be able to discover the available services on other Bluetooth devices it is connecting to.

Silent Devices

If the Bluetooth device does not respond to a query issued by the remote device, the remote device will be displayed as a silent state.

SIM Card Access configuration file (SAP)

SAP allows devices such as car phones with built-in GSM transceivers to connect to a SIM card in a Bluetooth phone. Therefore, the car phone itself does not require a separate SIM card.

Sync configuration file (sync)

The sync profile can be used in conjunction with Goep to support calendar and address information (Personal information Manager (PIM) entries) synchronization between Bluetooth devices. A common application of this profile is data exchange between the PDA and the computer.

Unknown device

There is no Bluetooth device that stores any information about it (Bluetooth device address, link key, or other).

Video distribution configuration file (VDP)

VDP defines how Bluetooth devices stream video through Bluetooth wireless technology. Examples of use cases include streaming a stored video from a PC Media Center to a portable player, or streaming from a digital camera to a TV.

Bluetooth configuration file supported WAP (WAP)

WAP defines how the wireless application protocol suite runs on a Bluetooth wireless link. A common configuration is to connect your phone to a public information station via a Bluetooth wireless link and use WAP browsing information. WAP can work across multiple WAN technologies to provide Internet access to mobile devices.

Glossary of Bluetooth terms