HBase vs. MongoDB vs. MySQL vs. Oracle vs. Redis, the primary key of the three major open-source NoSQL databases, the two mainstream traditional SQL databases, nosqlredismongodb

HBase vs. MongoDB vs. MySQL vs. Oracle vs. Redis, the primary key of the three major open-source NoSQL databases, the two mainstream traditional SQL databases, nosqlredismongodb

HBase vs. MongoDB vs. MySQL vs. Oracle vs. Redis, the primary key of the three major open-source NoSQL databases, two mainstream traditional SQL databases

Category	HBase	MongoDB	MySQL	Oracle	Redis
Description	Column Storage Based on Apache Hadoop and BigTable	One of the most popular document storage Databases	Widely used open source RDBMS	Widely used RDBMS	Data structure storage in memory, used as a database, cache, and Message Middleware
Popularity level (refer to the trend chart below)	Level 15 (59.03 points)	Level 4 (300.57 points)	Level 2 (1277.75 points)	Level 1 (1463.37 points)	Level 10 (100.65 points)
Database Model	Column Storage	Document Storage	Relational Database System	Relational Database System	Key-value Storage
Official Website	Hbase.apache.org	Www.mongodb.org	Www.mysql.com	Www.oracle.com/-us/-products/-database	Redis. io
Technical documents	Hbase.apache.org	Docs.mongodb.org/-manual	Dev.mysql.com/-doc	Www.oracle.com/-technetwork/-indexes/-documentation/-index.html	Redis. io/-documentation
Developer	Apache Software Foundation	MongoDB	Oracle	Oracle	Salvatore Sanfilippo (father of Redis)
Initial Release	2008	2009	1995	1980	2009
Current version	1.1.0.1, December May 2015	3.0.5, December 5, July 2015	5.6.26, December July 2015	12 Release 1 (12.1.0.2), January 1, July 2014	3.0.3, December 3, June 2015
License	Open Source	Open Source	Open Source	Business	Open Source
Whether the database is a service (DBaaS)	No	No	No	No	No
Implementation Language	Java	C ++	C and C ++	C and C ++	C
Server Operating System	Linux Unix Windows	Linux OS X Solaris Windows	FreeBSD Linux OS X Solaris Windows	AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows Z/OS	BSD Linux OS X Windows
Structured Data?	Free	Free	Yes	Yes	Free
Pre-defined data type?	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Part
XML supported?	No		Yes	Yes	No
Whether secondary indexes are supported	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
SQL supported or not	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
API and other access methods	Java API RESTful HTTP API Thrift	Use JSON-specific protocols	ADO. NET JDBC ODBC	ODP. NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) JDBC ODBC	Dedicated Protocol
Supported programming languages	C C # C ++ Groovy Java PHP Python Scala	Actionscript C C # C ++ Clojure ColdFusion D Dart Delphi Erlang Go Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Lua MatLab Perl PHP PowerShell Prolog Python R Ruby Scala Smalltalk	Ada C C # C ++ D Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl	C C # C ++ Clojure Cobol Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic	C C # C ++ Clojure Crystal D Dart Elixir Erlang Fancy Go Haskell Haxe Java JavaScript (Node. js) Lisp Lua MatLab Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Prolog Pure Data Python R Rebol Ruby Rust Scala Scheme Smalltalk Tcl
Supports server scripts?	Yes	JavaScript	Yes	PL/SQL	Lua
Triggers supported?	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
Splitting Method	Parts	Parts	Horizontal Split: use MySQL Cluster or MySQL Cluster for sharding	Horizontal segmentation	Parts
Master-slave replication Mode	Multiple master-slave replication mechanisms	Master-slave Replication	Master-master Replication Master-slave Replication	Master-master Replication Master-slave Replication	Master-slave Replication
MapReduce supported?	Yes	Yes	No	No	No
Data Consistency in Distributed scenarios	Consistent immediately	Final consistency Consistent immediately		Consistent immediately	Final consistency
Whether foreign keys are supported	No	No	Yes	Yes	No
Transaction supported?	No	No	ACID	ACID	Optimistic lock mechanism, atomic execution of command blocks and scripts
Concurrency supported?	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Whether persistent storage is supported	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Memory storage supported?	No		Yes	Yes	Yes
Access Control	Access Control List (ACL)	User and Role-Based Access Permissions	Fine-grained user access permissions	Fine-grained access permissions based on SQL standards	Simple Password-Based Access Control

Appendix 1: trend chart of popularity level

Appendix 2: two figures show you how to choose between SQL, NewSQL, and NoSQL

Figure 1: Do I Need SQL or Hadoop?

Figure 2: SQL vs. NewSQL vs. NoSQL

Appendix 3: Interview Excerpt from Salvatore Sanfilippo, father of Redis

• Redis is an open-source, advanced key-value database and data structure service program. The middle key can store strings, hashes, lists, sets, and ordered sets.
• The Redis kernel is written in standard ansi c based on an event model.
• Non-blocking replication is the design goal of Redis.
• Replication in Redis is asynchronous.
• Currently, Redis databases are provided for many languages (including most common languages.
• C client is the only officially supported package.
• Redis Pub/Sub is very suitable for real-time applications.
• Some Redis users use it as a database, some as a message bus, and some as a cache.

Appendix 4: NoSQL database types

List of NoSQL database types

Database Type	Description	Mainstream Products	Who is using it?	Applicable scenarios	Unsuitable scenarios
Key-Value Database	Key-value databases are like hash tables used in traditional languages. You can use keys to add, query, or delete data. Because primary key access is used, the performance and scalability are good.	Riak, Redis, Memcached, Amazon's Dynamo, Project Voldemort	GitHub (Riak), BestBuy (Riak), Twitter (Redis and Memcached), StackOverFlow (Redis), Instagram (Redis), Youtube (Memcached), Wikipedia (Memcached)	Stores user information, such as sessions, configuration files, parameters, and shopping carts. This information is generally linked to the ID (key). In this case, the key-value database is a good choice.	1. Instead of querying by key, you can query by value. The Key-Value database does not use the Value query method at all. 2. The relationship between data needs to be stored. In the Key-Value database, two or more keys cannot be used to associate data. 3. transaction support. Rollback cannot be performed when a fault occurs in the Key-Value database.
Document-Oriented database	Document-oriented databases store data as documents. Each document is a self-contained data unit and a collection of data items. Each data item has a name and a corresponding value. The value can be either a simple data type, such as a string, number, or date, or a complex type, such as an ordered list and associated objects. The minimum unit of data storage is document. The document attributes stored in the same table can be different. data can be stored in XML, JSON, JSONB, and other forms.	MongoDB, CouchDB, RavenDB	SAP (MongoDB), Codecademy (MongoDB), Foursquare (MongoDB), and NBC News (RavenDB)	1. logs. In an enterprise environment, each application has different log information. The Document-Oriented database does not have a fixed mode, so we can use it to store different information. 2. Analysis. Given its weak pattern structure, you can store different measurement methods and add new measurements without changing the pattern.	Add transactions on different documents. The Document-Oriented database does not support inter-Document transactions. If you have requirements for this, you should not choose this solution.
Column Store (Wide Column Store/Column-Family) Database	The column storage database stores data in the column family. A column family stores data that is frequently queried together. For example, if we have a Person class, we usually query their names and ages together rather than their salaries. In this case, the name and age are put into one columnfamily, while the salary is in another columnfamily.	Cassandra, HBase	Ebay (Cassandra), Instagram (Cassandra), NASA (Cassandra), Twitter (Cassandra and HBase), Facebook (HBase), Yahoo! (HBase)	1. logs. Because we can store data in different columns, each application can write information to its own column family. 2. blog platform. Each information is stored in different columns. For example, a tag can be stored in one, a category can be stored in one, and an article can be stored in another.	1. If ACID transactions are required. Vassandra does not support transactions. 2. prototype design. If we analyze Cassandra's data structure, we will find that the structure is based on the expected data query method. At the beginning of model design, it was impossible to predict the query method. Once the query method changed, we had to redesign the column family.
Graph (Graph-Oriented) Database	Graph database allows us to store data in graphs. Objects are used as vertices, while relations between entities are used as edges. For example, if we have three entities: Steve Jobs, Apple, and Next, there will be two "Founded by" sides connecting Apple and Next to Steve Jobs.	Neo4J, Infinite Graph, OrientDB	Adobe (Neo4J), Cisco (Neo4J), T-Mobile (Neo4J)	1. In some highly correlated data 2. recommendation engine. If we present the data in the form of graphs, it will be very beneficial for recommendation formulation.	Unsuitable data model. Graph databases have a small scope of application, because few operations involve the entire graph.

References

• HBase vs. MongoDB vs. MySQL vs. Oracle vs. Redis Popularity
• Eliminate the current NoSQL type, applicable scenarios and use companies
• Interview with Salvatore Sanfilippo, father of Redis
• A figure shows whether SQL or Hadoop is required.

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