Introduction to computer systems [computer composition and structure]

Von noriman has the following features:

1. A computer consists of a host, a controller, a memory, an input device, and an output device. Central processor (the CPU consists of a memory and a controller ).
2. The storage program is used. The program and data are stored in the same memory and expressed in binary code.
3. The command consists of an operation code and an address code.
4. Commands are stored in the memory in the execution order. The instruction counter (that is, the program counter PC) specifies the address of the storage unit where the commands to be executed are located, which is generally incremented in order, however, it can be changed based on the calculation result or external conditions.
5. The machine is centered on the generator (ALU arithmetic logic unit). The data transmitted between the input and output devices and the memory is transmitted through the generator.

Five stages of the development of electronic computers:

1. Electronic Tube Computer Age
2. Transistor computer age
3. Integrated circuit computer age
4. Large-scale integrated circuit computer age
5. Ultra-large-scale integrated circuit computer age

Classification of computer systems:

1. Single command flow single data stream (sisd) computer system one processor one memory, each time from the memory to save or take a data
2. A single command flow multi-data stream (SIMD) computer system one command control component, multiple processors, multiple memory by the command control component to each processor to send the same command
3. Multi-command flow single data stream (sisd) computer system executes multiple commands but processes the same data
4. Multi-instruction stream multi-data stream (sisd) Computer System multiple instruction control components, multiple processors, multiple memories each processor executes its own instructions to access their own data

Introduction to computer systems [computer composition and structure]