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Introduction

Recently, the scriptures in ancient China seem to be very popular, and have the feeling of emphasizing Confucianism. A good friend of mine took me to look for Huai Nan Jin's book in the bookstore. Coincidentally, I am reading Feng Youlan's "A Brief History of Chinese Philosophy". Before that, I am afraid that I have read only the four-grid comic books of CAI zhizhong. I am now playing the century lecture hall of Phoenix TV. I will go to Phoenix to see the previous lectures. I will take a look at this topic for secondary special education on children and children, I don't think I should read the details of these two issues, because I also have my explanation.

Wine bottles and wines

From ancient times to the present, the Chinese philosophy is very concerned about wine bottles and wines. In addition to the Wusi sports, the old and old wine bottles are all over and over. Confucius, the Confucian master, said no. In the legend, Confucius wrote the story of "The Spring and Autumn Festival is a story of a fool's day. The University is written by Confucius's students to sort out Confucius's words, it was not written by Confucius. Confucian books: University, moderate, Mencius, Xunzi, spring and autumn, there are several books, the great Confucianism of history adopts the way described, that is, annotations, analysis of the books of the predecessors, the words of the predecessors. In this way, Zhu Xi of the Song Dynasty re-interpreted the Confucian classics and turned them into his own views.

Compared with Western philosophy, Chinese philosophy pays more attention to intuition. The article uses metaphor, which makes it possible to hold wine bottles of different kinds. Because the intuitive Philosophy lacks logical reasoning, different people can push different arguments or different tendencies from the metaphor. This is what I think.

The history of China is long and long, and we are thousands of years away from the original author. If it is in the spring, autumn, and Warring States Periods, the time interval is as long as years, can we correctly understand the author's intention, it is also impossible for us not to be influenced by comments from past generations. Especially in the Han Dynasty, the destruction of Qin Shihuang's burning books, the re-searching and supplement of the sutra, must bring the brand marks of the Han Dynasty.

I visited the book market with my friends some time ago and found many books marked with "Confucian Merchants". This is not the same as the story. It is about buying dog meat with a goat's head, and focusing on farming is the root of Confucianism, the doctrine of the mean for people is to keep themselves as a matter of Confucianism. the right strategy is the true color of the Promotion and fortune.

In recent years, it has been often said that children and adolescents have been strengthened in Traditional Chinese education by strengthening the education of children and children. These are also the wine bottles used for Confucianism. They are loaded with contemporary wines. However, Confucianism should be Confucianism. It is a history. It is a kind of culture. The Confucianism culture swept away several generations during the 54 th Movement and the Cultural Revolution, leading to a broken inheritance, it terminates cultural heritage. Confucianism cannot develop into New Confucianism, because there is no continuity. In today's market and utilitarian era, a new faction and New Trend of Thought should be formed, if there is no practical attitude, there is no Confucian nature.

What is the essence of Confucianism? Each dynasty has a different tendency. Mencius's revolution, Xunzi's conservative, Dong Zhongshu's imperial power, and Zhu Xi's negative Neo-Confucianism thought, "In fact, only this is what we call the feudal ideology 』. What we undertake now is not a traditional Sutra, but western culture, western logic, Western philosophy, and Western thinking. The backbone is the West, in the end of the branches, let's talk about sub-scripts, which are not limited by the ceremony.

Mo Jia: The most rational philosophy

I know mojia as a history lesson in elementary school or middle school. I know two things. One is the small hole imaging "to boast about ancient Chinese science", and the other is the story of Mozi's attack and defense simulated acting in public education. Later, I came to see martial arts novels. I knew there was a Jianghu organization called Mo Yu.

I don't know. I was shocked. Mojia is the most western-logical faction, including deduction, induction, necessity, and necessity. It is a "strange and inadequate" logic, mojia often uses hypothetical conclusions to promote conflicts with conditions and criticize other schools. These arguments are the same as those in mathematics. They are academic scholars with modern logic thinking. I would like to pay tribute to you for your admiration.

An important point of view of mojia is to have both sides of love, which is different from that of Confucianism and human beings. This is not profound understanding. It is generally not light or heavy love. It does not mean that people are equal in life. You can see that I have mentioned it without knowing it, And I have installed some new wine in the wine bottle.

Taoism: Xiaoyao games

Taoism, Yang Zhu, Lao Tzu, Chuang Tzu, and later improved school. Taoism and Taoism are very different. Zhuangzi solves the difficulties of life and death by eliminating the problem. Taoism can be used as a self-Adoption person, but it may be a negative social concern to avoid society and have an optimistic life. It may be wise to give people peace of mind, but it is not conducive to social development. In a globalized economy, competition and pressure are the main force of society. The right cannot be entrusted by Mingjun, but is self-strive and legislative protection.

The pressure of Chinese society and the pressure of working people is not provided to the environment of Xiaoyao games. If competition between countries fails, they will leave. They will do their best to seize the market and have no chance of Taoyuan.

Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism, I think, is not an enterprising spirit. The Ming and Qing dynasties that use him as the Orthodox Confucianism are restrained in ideology and science. Under the pressure of the expanded West, they are still involved in the competition in the world. Taoyuan is not a wishful thinking. Now our housing pressure is, children's education pressure, elder care pressure, medical pressure, heavy pressure. Taoism can give us a relaxed mood, happy attitude, but cannot change our social status. People in the world are bustling, and they are all profitable.

The speech of the legalist

I used to have a wrong understanding of the legalists. I thought that the legalists were talking about governing the country by law and those who advocated the law. After reading this, I realized that I was simple. In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods, the formal collapse of the feudal society, the rise of centralized political power, social disputes, not the era where benevolence and Righteousness can be the hero, everything is determined by strength. A legalist is a political art and a method of wang ba. The power refers to the majesty, prestige, and possession of the Monarch; the power of employment; the law refers to the law of governing the country.

The military may also be a legalist, such as Wu Qi.

Shang Yang, who made the number of farming battles for Qin, is also a leader.

The legality, the path to governing the country in chaos, the origin of the unification of the Qin Dynasty.

The Legalist stresses the power of the emperor and the law, rather than the courtesy. In modern words, everyone is equal before the law. The punishment is not followed by doctors, but the ceremony is not common. This is the practice of the feudal society. Confucian benevolent government, hope between common people also treat each other with courtesy; legalist law, hope between doctors also use criminal law. Human goodness and evil.

Qin started as a legalist and was criticized after the Han Dynasty for its violent abuse. However, his legalists were political and academic subjects dominated by centralized authority, therefore, Confucianism also criticized the Confucian internal law outside the dynasty.

Taoism, Taoism, and Buddhist Zen

In the Han Dynasty, Buddhism began to pass in, and the Northern and Southern Dynasties flourish. China has access to real religion. Taoism and Taoism are easy to confuse. Taoism is a religion, and Taoism is a philosophical sect. Buddhism is religion and philosophy. Buddhism in the Han Dynasty made Chinese people understand religious organizations, religious scriptures, and local religions established by referring to the Buddhist organization, because they turned the saints of Taoism into Lao Tzu, known as Taoism. As a religion, there is competition between Taoism and Taoism.

After the Han Dynasty, China experienced 5 hundred years of chaos and entered the era of the Northern and Southern Dynasties of the Fifty-hu dynasties. The age of turmoil allowed Taoism to flourish again after its exclusive Confucianism. Feng Youlan called it the new Taoism, famous Works include Xiang note (xiang Xiu and Guo Xiang note to Chuang Tzu), "Shi Shuo Xin Yu", and the seven sages of the bamboo forest in the Jin Dynasty are the new Taoist figures. Unlike the competition between Taoism and Buddhism, Taoism and Buddhism are friends. The new Tao family members and Buddhist masters serve as Friends for discussion and discussion. The new saying of the world records a lot of conversations between them.

The self-willed new Taoist School is extremely artistic. During this time of chaos, the cultural and scientific progress is not great, and the art harvest period is indeed true.

It is also the reference of Buddhism and the new Taoism that gave birth to Zen with Buddhist ideas. Zen is a product of China and was later passed on to Japan. In various Buddhist factions, the Zen of epiphany is generated on the soil of Taoism.

The Buddhist home we talk about usually refers to Zen, the so-called repair without repair, the first meaning cannot be said. I read this book to explain the essence of the Buddhist family. It's a bit cloudification, because we live in a material device on top of the material. The people in the world are bustling, and they are all profitable, the philosophy of wage earners is very simple, that is, to make money, better, that is, to make money with conscience. Today's social pressure, social advocacy of money and power, and busy life and work are far less time spent exploring in the spiritual world than ever before. What I see is the Buddhism. If we all do this, society will not make progress, satisfy our spiritual life, and give up our material pursuits. Our human society may be stuck in the mountains, hiding in temples, escaping from reality, and escaping from society, society will never progress or improve. Without the worship of ordinary people, the construction of craftsman, what they eat, and what they live in, if all these are self-reliant, they will return to ancient times. Suppose we can give up, but will other countries and nations let us go? There is pressure in our life, pressure in our country, and pressure on our nation. Just like the wind-up, we are common people who are not busy. They are not busy because we are busy for them, according to Han Feizi, they are social worms.

The introduction of Buddhism has a profound influence on Chinese philosophy. Without Buddhism, it is possible that Confucianism will not become a later School of Psychology and Neo-Confucianism, the philosophy of inner introspection is not only a kind of sorrow, but also the Ideological Root of the tragedy in modern China. I was wondering whether the comment would go too far. Just like a legalist as a scapegoat for the violent Qin Dynasty, Confucianism has become an excuse for the history of modern China. However, I have never liked Zhu Xi. In the past few years, the cuts of China have been infiltrated by foreigners and the West, because they are conservative, block, conceited, and ideological changes. From a centralized system, degradation to local clan self-restraint, replacing the common law with morality, from the society, it is not a Zen master, it is a gun in the West.

When I was in college, I went to Wuyishan for a great place. There was a former residence of Zhu Xi, where I intentionally missed it. I won't let Zhu Xi make my money, nor let Zhu Xi waste my time. It seems a bit ridiculous now, because it was still vague about what science was, and it is not clear yet, but it is still annoying.

Confucian changes

We speak out how much we know about Confucianism. China has a very unique phenomenon among all nations in the world, that is, religion has a low influence in national politics. I have read a Chinese history written by a foreigner. He equals the status of Confucianism to religion and refers to Confucianism. This is not true. Just as we cannot understand the influence of religion in their life, morality, and politics, they cannot imagine that it is culture rather than religion that unites a nation.

Confucius tried to maintain society through courtesy, which was inconsistent with the general trend of the spring, autumn, and the Warring States Periods. The war was raging and kill, and whoever had a big fist was the age of the boss, on the contrary, the "Wang Zhi", the "no-killer" said by the "unified" and Mencius, relies on millions of wolf troops in the farming war.

The economy and politics that rely on the united power of life and the maintenance of the farming war cannot maintain long-term peace through the force of life. China was established through the central Qin Dynasty and hand. Dong Zhongshu provides a cultural ideological foundation for the consolidation of the empire and establishes an unshakable Confucian status. In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States, various families attacked each other, but afterwards, they recognized the sage status of Confucius.

Compared with Confucianism in the spring, autumn, and the Warring States, Dong Zhongshu integrated the Yin and Yang family into Confucianism, and used the post-yi scriptures to describe the principles of all things to associate the visions of Heaven and Earth with the virtues of Heaven and Earth, in fact, to some extent, myism has been brought into Confucianism. The Chinese understand Buddhism, develop Zen, and finally change Confucianism. Maybe they can start to be called Confucianism and introduce Zen to Confucianism. From Tang Yi to Song Dynasty, they have developed the Neo-Confucianism School and the School of Psychology, that is, the Cheng Zhu School and the Lu wang School continued to the late Qing dynasty. It is already quite different from the Confucianism of Confucius and Mencius.

What is Confucianism and what is an authentic Confucianism? It doesn't make sense to discuss it. No matter what name is instilled in it, we cannot separate the times of our life and think about the world, recognize the values and the pressure of life, and treat the new philosophical attitude. During the campaign, the Western powers bullied and impacted the Chinese ideology. The traditional cognition of the Central China Tianyi power was broken down. In order to go out, the New Culture Movement negated the past and brought about comprehensive innovations, this revolutionary and painful behavior cannot avoid too much denial of the past; otherwise, we cannot proceed. The second challenge was the Cultural Revolution, which completely separated traditions. Our current generation does not inherit the cultural traditions of Confucianism. What we need is the thinking of the new era. There may be many ideas similar to Confucianism, which is a new and reborn. If there is any cultural restoration in philosophy, it is our re-recognition of the great powers of the United Kingdom, and our re-establishment of some arrogant minds, whether arrogant or practical, A kind of national sentiment begins to linger, and it is necessary to have a clear understanding of Confucianism.

This is a very good book. The original Article is translated in English. If there is any problem, some ancient documents should explain this article. We do not have a professional understanding. This book introduces the development of Chinese Philosophy for more than two thousand years. for Science and Technology, translators should understand that not all readers graduated from the Chinese University.