Lesson 10 of the Palace Museum scenic spots: housangong district (middle)

Label: Walk slowly

Description: This is the second part of this article.

Qianqing palace courtyard
Qianqing is the first courtyard in qianqing palace district. The Qing Dynasty has a big eaves. There is a warm pavilion at both ends, and the east and west sides are the two temples of zhaoren and Hong de. The master data center in the qianqing palace courtyard is equipped with various institutions, including the management of royal meals, royal tea, Royal medicine, royal clothing Crown (terminal Ning Temple), and Royal stationery (mà o Qin Temple. In the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi set the Emperor's classroom study here. South Carolina has a study in South China with a bachelor's degree from Hanlin and a place for managing the daily life of the Court.

 Qian Qing palace
The Qing Dynasty palace is the throne of the emperor. It was built in the year of Ming Yongle (the beginning of the 15th century) and burned and rebuilt several times. The existing building was rebuilt in the three years of Qing Dynasty (1798. "Qian Qing" is the meaning of the Qing Dynasty.

The 14 emperors of the Ming Dynasty and the Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, both emperors of Kangxi lived here, and here they reviewed the playing chapter, summoned officials, and received foreign ambassadors. The Ming and Qing emperors stopped here after the crash to show that "life ends ". From the beginning of the fifth generation of emperor Yong Zheng of the Qing Dynasty, the Inner Palace was moved to the Inner Temple, which became a place to hold inner court ceremonies, introduce officials, and receive foreign ministers, the Qing Dynasty Kangxi and the Qianlong Dynasty once held a feast on the old man in the Qing Dynasty. It is now displayed in the Qing Dynasty.

 Jiajing palace change
Qian Qing palace once experienced the famous "jiajing palace change ". During the period of jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, the emperor abused the female and aroused their resistance. One morning, when the two moles and more than a dozen palace women were sleeping at Emperor jiajing, they held his neck with ropes and saw that they were about to gain a hand. But they tied the ropes into dead buckles due to their excessive tension. When one of the ladies saw the bad news, they ran out to call for help. Emperor jiajing was able to leave his life. More than a dozen women were killed by Ling chi.

"Zhengda Guangming"Plaque and secret storage
There is a throne in the center of the palace of the Qing Dynasty, and the throne of the screen hangs above the throne of the Emperor,Zhengda GuangmingPlaque.

"Zhengda Guangming" is the most famous plaque in the Palace Museum. The four words "zhengda Guangming" are the ancestral motto advertised by the Qing Emperor. They are made up of plaques and hung here as the basic principles for standing up, setting up the family, governing the country, and setting up the world. This plaque is written in the handwriting of Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Linyi Shunzhi. Emperor Kangxi carved the four words into stone, and the Qianlong Dynasty made the plaque with the extension after repairing the Qing palace.

After the Qing Dynasty, the emperors of all generations followed the secret-built imperial reserve system and put the names of the successors in their hearts in the box, and placed them behind the plaque, the Minister ordered the removal of the announcement only when he died.

Most of the Chinese dynasties have adopted the public storage mode. Most of the princes are the eldest son, the first son of the Queen. However, there are generally many sons of the emperor, and many of them are dreaming of the emperor. For this reason, they often gang up and fight with each other, and even develop to killing each other.

Emperor Kangxi encountered a problem because of the establishment of the storage: he once set up the eldest son of Emperor Kangxi for two times, y n réng, as the prince, and then destroyed him twice. Afterwards, Emperor Kangxi no longer mentions the prince's candidates. He did not go down to the book until he died, and asked the four sons to inherit the throne. This is the emperor Yong Zheng. Because the prince of the Kangxi Dynasty was not certain for a long time, And Yong Zheng was suddenly on the throne, the people began to preach that Yong Zheng had stolen the Emperor Kangxi's secret and boarded the throne of the Emperor. It is said that Kangxi wrote a "14-bit pass" message, and Yong Zheng colluded with the minister responsible for the transfer of long KEDO's "10" word above a horizontal, add a hook below, it is renamed as "yu" and becomes "transferred to four sub-accounts ". Is that true? According to the historical and historical experts' research, this legend is unreliable, because the Qing Dynasty, such a famous post, must be written in man and Han. In this case, Yong Zheng did not rely on tampering with his book to mount the throne.

After the emperor Yong Zheng was on the throne, he learned the lessons of history and decided to change the system of establishing a prince openly to a secret to create a store. The secret practice of building a store is that when the Emperor is in the throne, the prince is not publicly established. After a comprehensive examination of the Emperor, the emperor's successor is selected, and secretly write the name of the Emperor on two books, one with the Emperor and the other in a small box, it is placed behind this "bright and bright" plaque. When the emperor was in critical condition or after his death, the imperial court and the Wang Gong nobles took out the two legal documents together, and then announced the next emperor according to the above name. This method does reduce the battle between emperors. After emperor Yong Zheng set up this secret storage system, his son, Emperor Qianlong, entered the throne in this way.

 Nanshu and Kangxi Zhijie
The famous "Kangxi zhikui aobai" happened in the South study room on the west side of the qianqing gate. Kangxi was only 8 years old when he was an emperor, and there were four ministers, such as the Minister, for Government assistance. You are proud and arrogant. He gradually took over the power of the court and did a lot of bad things by setting up the party and private camp.

When Kangxi was 14 years old, he was officially in charge of government affairs, but in fact he still controlled the Court and put Kangxi in a puppet position. On one occasion, there was a dispute between a minister and a minister, who was in a quarrel with the emperor. Later, he began to raise his sleeves, raise his fist, and intimidate Kangxi. Since then, Kangxi was determined to remove this stumbling block.

However, qibai is a famous "warrior" among the Manchu nobles. It is not easy to have a large group of Party members in the Chao dynasty to bring it down. Kangxi decided to be wise and pretended to be addicted to wrestling. He made people look for more than a dozen teenagers of the same age who are physically strong and wrestling with each other every day. Sometimes, when I see the little emperor playing in the palace, I think there will be nothing to do, so I don't even care about the emperor, so I have a dream of taking full control of the power.

After more than a year of training, Kangxi believed that the time was ripe. On the day of Kangxi's eight years in May, he called for a lecture in the South study. At that time, this was the place where Kangxi was studying. As usual, when a group of teenagers suddenly walked in, they even dragged him down to the ground and thought the children were joking with him. After he was bound, Kangxi severely listed 30 sins of the delegation. Given that the Qing dynasty had earned a lot of merit, the former declared that he would be imprisoned for life. And then they died in jail. Emperor Kangxi was 16 years old this year.

Sun Jingmen
Sun Jingmen is the east gate of the qianqing palace courtyard. It is one of the main portals for the entrance and exit of qianqing Palace. The entrance is East 1 long street, and South East 1 is the renxiang gate leading to the Jaipur Palace.

Yuehuamen
Yuehuamen is the West Gate of the qianqing palace courtyard. It is one of the main portals of qianqing palace's front-court entrance and exit. It is a long street in the West, and is opposite to the Zunyi door. When it enters the Zunyi door, it will arrive at the yigong heart-Building hall of.

Life Celebration Exhibition
There is a "Wan Shou celebration Exhibition" in the western region of the Qing Dynasty. According to the regulations of the Qing Dynasty, the emperor's birth is called the life Festival, the Queen's birth is called the Autumn Festival, the Queen's life is called the holy life Festival, and the life Festival and New Year's Day (that is, the Spring Festival today), and the winter solstice are also called. Here, we mainly show the celebration of Emperor Kangxi's 60 s, Emperor Chongqing's S, and Emperor Qianlong's s birthday, as well as the celebration of Emperor Jiaqing and Empress Dowager Cixi's birthday, enjoy the celebration of the birthday of the Qing Dynasty Court.

Big wedding Dian Exhibition
The east of the Qing Dynasty palace has the "Wedding Ceremony". The Emperor's wedding was called a great wedding, and the program was prosperous and honored as a national ceremony. Only the young emperor can ban the temple in the palace and receive a big gift. Ten emperors after the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, five emperors were married before the throne, and the wedding of the last emperor, yi, was held after the Qing Dynasty was overturned, there are only four emperors, namely, Shunzhi, Kangxi, Tongzhi, and Guangxu, who were in childhood.

Link
Lesson 9 of the Palace Museum scenic spot: housangong district (upper)
11 homework of the Palace Museum scenic spots: housangong district (lower)
Walking around Beijing central axis (Full Set)
Walking around Beijing central axis (7): Lessons from midday to wumen
Official Website of the Palace Museum
Wang Gang guides you through the Palace Museum (I)
Beijing five-day self-help travel intelligence compilation (reprinted)
Winter after the snow tour to the Palace Museum (6)