Li Hua "Lingwu two filial piety and order" in the "Lingwu" refers to where?

Li Hua "Lingwu two filial piety and order" in the text of "Lingwu" refers to where?

Yang Sen Xiang

The new Tang book is the history of the Tang Dynasty. In this book "Biographies 120th Filial Friends" department, received "Lingwu two filial piety" Hou know and the biography of the Cheng Luo. This is the first national history of ordinary people in Ningxia. Traced to the roots, the credit is attributed to the Tang Dynasty writer Li Hua.

Li Hua (715 years ~766 years), the word uncle, Tang Zhaozhou Zanhuang (present Hebei Province Zanhuang County) people. He is both a famous essayist and a famous poet. Kaiyuan 23 years (735) scholars, Tianbao two years (743) Deng learned macro speech. Tempo 11 (752) moved to monitor the imperial history, because the Impeachment dynasty right phase Yangguozhong and was excluded, migration for right to complement the Que. An Lushan was forced to Ninfeng the house when he was trapped in Changan. "Rebellion" after the pacification, demoted for the Hangzhou department of the army, since ashamed and light Yu Yu into. In the yuan, the call for the left to complement the Que, Board Chancery Division seal Yuanwai Lang, sick not worship. 764 years, Li Yu led the election of Jianghuai, to the shogunate, censor board Chancery Squire Inspection School. Soon that is because of rheumatism disease resign. Seclusion in Shanyang (present Jiangsu Huaian County) Lang, led children farming for a living. In later years, Buddhism was not written. Tang Dynasty Zongdalei (766 years) died. Li Huawen Word, with Shi Ying, the world known as "Xiao Li", and Han Yu, Elder Hammond Division, Ludongmi for friends, Jianghuai between the "four Kui." At that time the scholar-bureaucrat begged him to preach, Tombstone. He for the famous de show made of the tombstone, Yan Zhenqing writing, Li yangbing zhuan amount, known as "four Absolute monument." Li Hua and The Yings, Yan Zhenqing and so on ancient meaning, open Han, Liu Ancient prose movement of the precedent. His article "probably with" Pentateuch "as The Fountain" (Lone Solitary and "Zhao June Li Gongzhong Set order"), "not the master of the book." Advocating "the Sutra" and "Carrying Tao". Its masterpiece has "hoary battlefield text". There is also the name of the poem. The original set, has been scattered, the descendants of the "Li Shushu anthology" four volumes.

Tempo 11 years (752 years), that is, "rebellion" outbreak of the first three years, Li Hua once to monitor the history of the identity of Amen Zhaojun West, came to the attacked resident Ling State (Lingwu County, the site in this Wuzhong), heard the local people tell a moving story, said "Lingwu" has two filial son, a call Hou know, a call Cheng Although they live in the remote wilderness, neither seen the world, nor have any education, "See Rong Ma Zhan Jo, participated in Yi di", but can be able to support parents, Outworld Devourer can do grief, in the tomb of the building Lu Mourning, "No festival", Houshi insisted on seven years, Chengshi insisted on three years. Over the years, the dust and dirt filled with face, the hair of the birth of Weeds ("the top of the scale, grass germinal between"). Whenever the morning and night of the desert, the Shino deserted, inhabited by no, only the tiger leopard and its neighbors. Hou, Cheng Two people "hold graves, sound gas pharynx plug, down into Jiuquan, nine days," vegetation for its moved, birds and animals to help its wail. All things in the world have the ultimate, but the grief of this two filial piety is endless. ...... Li Hua After listening very moved, he thought, people say that Confucius Students Zengzhen is a big son, but also than Wu Yixio spirit. So he wrote the "Lingwu two filial praise and order." This article through the author Li Hua's fame, spread the Chinese, and later was Ouyang Xiu income "new Tang book • Biographies 120th" filial friends "department, spread so far.

Recently, in the reading found that people on the "Lingwu two filial piety" in the "Lingwu" understanding of the different, this involves the "two filial piety" the location of the birthplace.

"Lingwu" in "Lingwu two filial piety and order", where do you refer to? There are always three kinds of understanding. The first kind of understanding is that this "Lingwu" is today's LINGWU, therefore, Hou knew, Cheng Luo is this Lingwu person. This is obviously wrong. Because this "Lingwu" is the Ming Dynasty, the construction of the "New Town", "Lingwu" name, is the 1913. During the Tang Dynasty, the place was nameless. How could it be that the home of Cheng-Luo's hometown? The second understanding is that this "Lingwu" should refer to Lingwu County, also known as the state of the spirit. However, the problem is that the Tang Dynasty (especially Tianbao years) Lingwu County (Ling State) jurisdiction is very wide, including the large part of Ningxia and Gansu, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia, many counties. The area is so large, you say, Hou know, where exactly is the person of the place? Can you speak clearly? Therefore, the third kind of understanding comes: This "Lingwu" refers to the Tang Dynasty Lingwu County, its site in this Qingtongxia Shaogang town. Therefore, Cheng Qingtongxia, Hou know should be today Shaogang people. It is more reasonable to say so. But, suffering from the lack of concrete evidence.

A few days ago, we discussed the matter with several scholars. We also consulted Li Hua's "Lingwu two filial praise and order", pleasantly surprised, but found this "Lingwu" is the evidence of the Tang Dynasty Lingwu County! This evidence is in Li Hua's preface--

"Lingwu two filial praise and preface," said the clear: Li Hua to monitor the history of the status of "Amen Shuo Trachimbrod", came to the state, heard Hou know, Cheng-Luo's deeds, decided to personally go to funeral and field trip ("To kiss Paradox Yan"). However, during the winter ("Winter November"), the ice in the Yellow River blocked the river ("River Ling", "floating Sezin"), want to condolences but can not cross the river ("may say not the result", "I will Condole, its road is not because"), so, had to sit in the car, hand-held front of the transverse wood, across the Huanghe ("with Kingslayer") wrote on this article " Hi Xiao "and read aloud (" Two filial piety, because of the praise of a chapter), I hope to use this praise for good deeds, for the virtuous people record words and deeds ("Dare to the good, to attach the history of Linton)." Its time, Li Hua is with a move and admire sincere writing, praise the text finished, Li Hua also sobbing, tears sprinkle Riverside ("Send Cheng Sven, wave the river Shore") ...

Obviously, "Lingwu two filial praise and preface" This article is Li Hua in the city of the spirit state to Hou know, Cheng-Luo's hometown-"Lingwu" of the Yellow River Ferry ("Riverside") written. We know that the spirit of the city in the east bank of the Yellow River, and back to Lok County with the same address, so, also know that Li Hua is written in the east bank of the Yellow River This article, so, also proves that the Cheng-Luo, hou know hometown-"Lingwu" in the Yellow River West. Its specific location is in the Helan Mountain Lingwu (now called "Willow High") near, also today's Shaogang Fort West.

In this way, we have determined the "Lingwu two filial piety and order" in the "Lingwu" refers to the Tang Dynasty Lingwu County (today Qingtongxia Shaogang town), rather than referring to Lingwu County (Ling State), Hou knew, Cheng Luo's hometown is not in the east, but in Hexi.

Is there any doubt about that?!

Li Hua "Lingwu two filial piety and order" in the "Lingwu" refers to where?