Linux Software Installation under the detailed

When installing software under Windows, simply double-click the Software installation program with the mouse, or unzip the software with zip and so on to install. Installing software under Linux is more difficult for beginners than for software installations under Windows. I'll explain how to install the software under Linux in detail below.

Let's look at the Linux software extension first. The software suffix is. RPM was originally a package package format provided by Red Hat Linux, and is now used by many Linux distributions; Deb is a package package format provided by Debain Linux; suffix is. tar.gz, tar. Z, tar.bz2 or. tgz are packaged using the UNIX system Packaging tools tar; the suffix is. Bin is generally some commercial software. The extension allows you to understand the software's format and then understand the software installation.

Installation of the RPM format package

1. Introduction

Almost all Linux distributions use some form of package management to install, update, and uninstall software. Package management is easy to install and uninstall compared to directly from source code installation, easy to update installed packages, easy to protect profiles, and easy to track installed files.

The RPM full name is Red Hat Package Manager (Red Hat Package manager). RPM is essentially a package that contains Linux software that can be installed and run immediately on a particular machine architecture. The RPM schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 1 schematic diagram of RPM structure

Most Linux RPM packages have a certain pattern of naming, which follows the name-version-revision-type-mysoftware-1.2-1.i386.rpm.

2. Install the RPM package software

# RPM-IVH mysoftware-1.2-1.i386.rpm

RPM Command Main parameters:

-i　安装软件。
-t　测试安装，不是真的安装。
-p　显示安装进度。
-f　忽略任何错误。
-U　升级安装。
-v　检测套件是否正确安装。

These parameters can be used at the same time. More content can be referenced by the RPM command Help.

3. Uninstall software

# RPM-E Software Name

It should be explained that the software name, not the package name, is used in the above code. For example, to uninstall software-1.2.-1.i386.rpm This package, you should perform:

#rpm-e Software

4. Forcibly uninstall the RPM package

Sometimes it is not possible to remove an RPM, especially when there are other programs on the system that depend on it. If the Execute command displays the following error message:

＃# rpm -e xsnow
error: removing these packages would break dependencies:
　　　　/usr/X11R6/bin/xsnow is needed by x-amusements-1.0-1

In this case, you can reinstall the Xsnow with the--force option:

＃# rpm -ivh --force xsnow-1.41-1.i386.rpm
xsnow

It is recommended that you use the tool software Kleandisk to safely and completely clean out the unused RPM packages. For more information, see the 12th issue of the 2003 Open Systems world.

5. Install the. src.rpm type of File

At present there are two modes of RPM, one is already encoded (I386.RPM) and one is not encoded (src.rpm).

RPM--rebuild Filename.src.rpm

In this case, the system will create a file filenamr.rpm, in the/usr/src/redflag/rpms/subdirectory, is generally i386, the specific situation and the Linux release version. Then execute the following code:

rpm-ivh/usr/src/regflag/rpms/i386/filename.rpm