Method 2 for improving learning efficiency -- Methods for mastering the connotation of complete concepts rev #2

Method 2 for improving learning efficiency -- Methods for mastering the connotation of complete concepts

Liu Jianwen, http://blog.csdn.net/keminlau

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Key: learning methods logical concepts

Introduction

Concept is the basic unit of knowledge, a summary of people's understanding at a certain stage, and a crystallization of people's understanding. The results of any scientific research must be fixed in the form of concepts. The entity forms of fixed concepts generally include dictionaries, word libraries, and Encyclopedias. However, these books are at most [complete] fixed with a small number of original concepts close to the top layer in the concept layer. Like some new technical concepts such as cloud computing, XHTML, CSS, and Linux, a thick master monograph may not cover all aspects of them. [Note 1]

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• Note 1: This article is the previous article-"method 1 for improving learning efficiency-clarifying the essence

  5. That is, [Unlocking a set of special properties of a thing ].

Although a complete task seems very difficult, we still hope to explore it and at least have a clear understanding of the complete controllable scope, do not blindly make decisions when you get a new complex concept. Next we will introduce the topic by analyzing CSS.

Learning XX is learning XX, his father, his mother

Whenever we encounter a strange concept, we often get a preliminary understanding of it through a dictionary, Encyclopedia, or directly using a search engine; this method is applicable to some simple or relatively close-to-your-own concepts. However, when a complicated concept is encountered, the effect may not be satisfactory. There are many reasons for this. Apart from the reason that the distance between your understanding level and complex concepts is too large, one of the objective and important reasons is that, people who explain this complicated concept do not understand this complicated concept well. They just stay in a state of ignorance, so they began to scatter. Such cases are common in the Internet era. So what should we do? Learning cannot rely solely on the outside world. You must rely on yourself to learn ways to worry about information. Here we will introduce you to a method. Remember the following:

Learning XX is learning XX, his father, his mother!

Here, we replace xx with [concept]. [XX his father] is the concept, and [his mother] is the concept. [Note 2]

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• NOTE 2: If you do not understand the concept of kinship or ministerial concepts, refer to "the logical methods of scientific thinking reveal the organic structure of the world".

This method is described using CSS as an example. The following is a brief description of CSS entries in Wikipedia:

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation semantics of a document written in a markup language.

• A style sheet language or style language, is a computer language used to describe the presentation of structured documents.
  • A programming language is an artificial language designed to express computations that can be performed med by a machine, and a computer.
  • A structured document is an electronic document where some method of Embedded coding, such as markup, is used to give the whole, and parts, of the document varous structural meanings according to a schema.
• In computer science, special in human-computer interaction, presentation semantics specify how a special piece of a formal language is represented in a distinguished manner accessible to human senses, usually human vision.
• A markup language is a modern system for annotating a text in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from that text.

CSS his father is "style sheet language" and his father is "programming language ];

They are [structured document] and [presentation semantics], as well as [Markup Language.

 

This example shows some preliminary conclusions about the connotation of the complete concept (the following CSS can be replaced with any XX ):

First, it is difficult to fully describe CSS;

Second, you do not need to have a complete understanding of CSS to complete the job. Achieving Basic is enough. Of course, the more complete the job, the better. It depends on the level of ability to achieve, better than understanding and proficient;

Third, understanding CSS is equal to mastering the sum of the upper-level concepts (Family Concepts) of CSS and the sum of the [Department concepts] of CSS. This also shows why the first thing to study is to study its history, because the historical fact of a thing is to elaborate on the concept of belonging and belonging of the thing;

Fourth, the third is why it is time-consuming to master or even master CSS technology, because most of CSS's subordinate concepts and ministerial concepts are time-consuming.

From this point of view, to complete all aspects of complex concepts without positive and direct methods, you can only select excellent teaching materials, classify and define complex concepts) indirect methods such as descriptive methods and improving the ability to select teaching materials are almost complete. Here is a brief introduction to [concept classification] and [type of concept description ]. The selection of teaching materials requires more information, making decisions more difficult and more artistic. You can open another article.

Concept Classification

The first question is, why should we classify concepts? First, the concept is a very vague concept, which can be defined by itself, so that you can fully understand the concept. Second, concept classification facilitates further research on the description types of concepts.

We start with the ambiguous relationship between [concept] and [nature.

If I say "Honey is sweet" and "Men are fond of women", I don't know what everyone will think. I tell you, that is the nature! So what is the nature? What is the relationship between it and [concept? Let's take a look at the definition of nature:

Attribute:
The inherent nature of things. It is a material necessity, basic, and inseparable feature, and also a manifestation of a certain aspect of things. Things of a certain quality often have multiple attributes. There are differences between essential attributes and non-essential attributes.

Nature:
Things have different characteristics from other things: the nature of the problem | editories' guiding nature.

Chemical properties:
Chemical properties of a substance, such as acidic, alkaline, and chemical stability.

Physical nature:
The nature of a substance that is presented without chemical changes. Such as color, status, melting point, boiling point, density, etc.

[Nature] is defined with [attribute] and [feature]. Therefore, [nature] is the top-level category concept of the concept layer. Another synonymous term of top-level category is an intuitive concept. It can be seen that the top-level category has a common foothold-the sense of human beings.

So where is the nature of a thing? From the perspective of static space, the nature is the external manifestation of the molecular structure. If this sentence is difficult to understand, let's take an example. Honey is sweet (that is, it is sweet) Because we eat it, put it on our tongue, and the taste buds of our tongue are stimulated by honey, thus, it produces a kind of bioelectricity that is passed to the brain to form the feeling of sweetness. The whole process is the conditioned reflex of the brain. It can be said that the "sweet" Nature exists objectively and is attached to things. The "sweet" is the result of conditioned reflection to the brain, which is formed in the human brain.

From the logic tutorial Guo caiqin

According to contemporary thinking, the brain's nervous system has two functions: [representation] and [thinking. [Appearance] refers to the sensory organs such as vision, hearing, smell, taste, and touch, which can convert stimulation into various feelings. [Thinking] It refers to the division, merger, arrangement, comparison and selection of information (stimulation), which is a psychological function opposite to the sensory transmission. Therefore, from this perspective, we can also consider that the formation of concepts is the result of the simultaneous effects of the brain's thinking function and appearance function: the brain's thinking function constantly processes the object of cognition (Object Information, by means of comparison, analysis, synthesis, and abstraction, we can gradually understand the special attributes of objects and objects. The representation function stores and reproduce objects in a language and turns them into a directed information, this form of content that carries the corresponding understanding is concept.

Now, are there any relationships between the nature and concept and the complete CSS? In fact, you can make a scalable Association to the above process. The non-Intuitive Concept (complex concept) is also the nature of objective things through the human senses, including the color, smell, the comprehensive results reflected by the condition to the human brain only reflect a larger amount of information, and the reflection loop is more complex.

After understanding the relationship between nature and concept, we can better classify the concept:

 

Description type

Different essential attributes can be formed from different perspectives. Therefore, in different scientific fields, people can reveal the essential attributes of objects reflected by defined concepts in different ways, so as to form different kinds of differences and make different definitions.

We take the research results of general logic directly. The description type is the definition type.

 

It can be preliminarily obtained, and the types of descriptions of concepts can be roughly divided into intuitive descriptions and non-intuitive descriptions. Intuitive description refers to the description of intuitive concepts, and the method of mutual description of intuitive concepts, rather than the method of adding species difference. It can be further divided into two classes of gender and gender. The Nature definition is XX's father, that is, the description of [gender concept]. Other gender and gender definitions are fucking descriptions, that is, the description of the concept.