Practices and policies of vswitches

In daily practice, the core of the soft switch technology is to explain its principles, this limits that the next generation network can only be a "no-network" mode in which soft switches are connected to each other ".

Obviously, the "no-network" next-generation network architecture can only support one or several soft switches, which is not suitable for telecom operators to operate on a large scale. This phenomenon is called the "island phenomenon" of the soft switch technology practice ". On the network structure.

"Softswitch is the core of next-generation networks" cannot answer questions such as the need for core network technologies for next-generation networks. If not, how to avoid the "island" Phenomenon of soft switches, how to solve coordination and interconnection between soft switches, and how to carry out full-network services of the next-generation network, what is the core network technology of the Next Generation Network.

As a next-generation network covering the whole country, we should first consider the operational nature of the network. The operational nature includes the scalability and manageability of the network. That is to say, the next-generation network architecture and networking are very important. We believe that the architecture of the next-generation network system should comprehensively consider the network structure of the entire voice service network from both the horizontal and vertical aspects.

The system of the Next Generation Network should be composed of the core network and the local soft switch technology located in the next generation network access and edge location. The core network of the Next Generation Network is a backbone communication network covering the service scope of operators. The core network of the Next Generation Network implements interconnection and communication between soft switches, multiple operators, and different networks to implement traffic control and scheduling across the network; shared centralized database retrieval services across the network, shared business creation environment, and network management across the network.

The core network of the Next Generation Network provides networking methods, routing policies, traffic control, network-wide service creation and management, and network-wide maintenance and management. To achieve unlimited scalability and telecom-level manageability of the Next Generation Network, the core network of the Next Generation Network should adopt a layered call signaling system and a flat voice stream structure.

The main purpose of adopting this architecture is smooth speech stream transmission, which avoids the consumption of circuit resources in the traditional circuit switching network by the speech channel level-by-level convergence mode, and gives full play to the superiority of the sub-network; the hierarchical call signaling system is mainly used to meet the unlimited scalability of network operations. It avoids the scalability limitations caused by the point-to-point direct connection call establishment mode and simplifies the system configuration, unified resource servers or databases.

Obviously, in the next generation of IP telephone implementation of the three main technologies, ITU-H.323 protocol network technology, IETF-SIP protocol network technology will play a major role in the core network. Therefore, in the true sense, the core network of the next generation network does not necessarily need to use the soft switch technology, because the control function of the bearer media is mainly in the access of the endpoint and the edge of the PSTN switching network.

The core network of the Next Generation Network is located in the center of the services and applications of the IP network, and its function structure must be more distributed and independent. Its system equipment must be more open and universal, and its operation and management must be more flexible and mobile. Many telecom operators in the world have used H.323's Internet guard or SIP proxy servers and other network application servers for networking, networking, and network-wide business and O & M.

Recently, the emergence of some new core network technologies (such as ITU-T's Q. GTD1, Q. GTD2), more to illustrate this. Therefore, the term "Softswitch is the core of the Next Generation Network" is not accurate. This does not mean denying the importance and critical position of the soft switch technology in the Next Generation Network.

In fact, the true soft switch should be a general-purpose (classless) soft switch, which undertakes the responsibility of regional or local system platforms in the Next Generation Network, it is capable of simultaneously controlling network access traffic and controlling edge interconnected traffic of the PSTN network. Regional general-purpose soft switches and National Core backbone networks can build a complete next-generation network communication system.

At present, there are two completely different attitudes towards the future development of the next generation network's practices on soft switches. One is to focus on gradually replacing the network elements of the PSTN network with the network elements of the Next Generation Network. The idea is to use Softswitch devices to replace the original PSTN devices in a category-by-category manner.

This solution emphasizes future-oriented and technology-oriented research, but faces great challenges in practice. If the PSTN device is replaced by class-by-class as the next-generation network evolution strategy and primary goal, it is easy to make the next-generation network practices lose its practical significance and market value.

Another idea is to use new technologies as new tools and means to drive new business models and create new market mechanisms. This concept emphasizes the effectiveness of resources and enables technologies to serve telecom operators' business needs and motivations. It emphasizes using new technical means to flexibly implement effective service functions of the PSTN, so that telecom operators can provide Differentiated Services. Obviously, the latter is more practical and vital, and more protective for operators' investment.

The fundamental business-oriented approach of the Next Generation Network is that the technical mechanisms and implementation methods must be market-oriented. The maximum drive of the commercial next-generation network business will come from the network edge and endpoint. The business convergence of the Next Generation Network must also begin with the edge and endpoint of the network.

The soft switch technology is only constantly integrated with the endpoint and edge IP access technology, the most accurate requirements on new technologies can be reflected only when operators fully consider the various challenges they may encounter during operation and make them more effective in solving such problems as QoS, security, firewall, and IP address, in order to better display the characteristics of the Next Generation Network. This "out-of-the-box" power will be an important factor in determining the success of the next generation network.

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