Principles and ideas of Information Technology for Group Enterprises

The informatization of group enterprises is different from that of a single company. They must have a full understanding of its complexity and long-term nature. group enterprises have multiple business forms, complicated institutions, cross-region, and numerous personnel, the principles, ideas, and methods of informatization construction are very important. The principles, ideas, and methods must consider the enterprise development stage, management level, and high-level informatization requirements, it is necessary to moderately advance, consolidate the foundation, make the business system a tool, and make the management system a demand.

 I. Informatization Construction Principles

1. Best practices for meeting High-level requirements
The "as far as possible" principle is the first principle of the Information System. high-level demands are both the motive force and the goal of Informatization. Therefore, informatization must fully and unconditionally meet the needs and requirements of senior management. "as far as possible" means that it cannot be met immediately, it must be achieved through multi-step phased-out construction, and the enterprise's financial and social reality software level is an inevitable result as far as possible.

2. harmonious principles of software systems and management
The "Harmony" principle means that the management level should be compatible with the software system, and the software system should also be compatible with the enterprise management level or be moderately ahead of schedule, the management system and management methods of enterprises must be taken into account in the selection of software systems. Excessive changes and advances will inevitably lead to losses and waste of investment, the "Harmony" principle is the "icing on the cake" of enterprise management ".

 3. Business System Tools and management system requirements principles
The "tool-based" principle is that software systems must become tools and tools that are essential for enterprise production and employee work. The construction of business systems must provide efficient management and convenient operation tools for enterprise production and employees, integrate the system into all stages of enterprise production, record data in all stages of production in real time, the system generates various management reports and management documents, and the business management system is streamlined, find a certain level of employees rather than people to find things.
The "demand-based" principle is that the management system should fully consider the needs and requirements of managers at all levels and try to achieve the goal of assisting the management with the system, the construction of management systems should guide the construction of business systems. The management system must provide detailed and accurate data and information.
The principles of "tool-based" and "demand-based" are not completely isolated and mutually harmonious. They only focus on different points and focus on different ones. information systems are a management tool.

4. phased construction principles
The "phased-out" principle means that a one-time construction can be completed without a large group system, and multiple phases of construction are required. Pilot Construction is required at the same time. Phased construction is very important in the informatization construction of large systems and groups. Through phased construction, problems can be found and solved in a timely manner, which can stimulate the needs to be met in the next phase, the construction direction can be adjusted in time to avoid greater losses and waste of time.

5. System customization principles
The "Customization" principle is to solve the problem that the general software system cannot fully adapt to the enterprise, but also to solve the special requirements such as the enterprise's personalization. customization can be completely customized by system software or partially customized, it can be enhanced function customization, which cannot be avoided in the construction of large systems.

Ii. informatization construction ideas and methods
Enterprises with different ideas and methods of informatization construction will certainly be different, but the basic methods and ideas will not deviate. Information requirements and requirements should come from the pressure of managers at all levels or competitors. The construction of software systems usually involves the investigation and confirmation of enterprise-level first requirements and requirements, and the bidding selection of software and software providers, demand Survey, software matching, pilot launch, formal launch, training and usage, function improvement, secondary development, and so on after the software vendors enter the site. The ideas and methods are related to the following aspects.

1. Organization and system assurance
Everything goes first. A strong informatization construction team is the guarantee for the success of Informatization for all group enterprises. In a certain period of time, it is necessary to give the Department a higher level of management power and jurisdiction, this department needs to mobilize and coordinate various resources and relationships to deal with the interests and work balance of departments and companies. At the initial stage of construction, it needs to understand the core information of the enterprise and make adjustments and changes later in construction and operation, assign higher knowledge management functions or basic operation and maintenance functions. In addition to the main informatization departments, it is also necessary to establish an information management system. Departments and companies should have informatization specialists and executives, that is, to ensure the informatization construction in the administrative system.
Information systems must keep up with the pace of construction. Enterprise Informatization must be mandatory and active. both mandatory and active systems must be subject to system constraints. In the early stages of Informatization work, there must be resistance and opposition, because he will increase the workload and company management costs, the system should follow up with others.

2. Budget
We need to have a sufficient understanding of the Fund budget for informatization. Usually, informatization only requires investment and output, and requires constant capital investment. informatization construction must have long-term budget support.

3. "point" with "surface" and comprehensive coverage
It is applicable to business systems and management systems with "points" and "areas". Generally, it is more appropriate to use "points" and "areas" for business systems, that is, the software system architecture must be considered at the group level, and the systems of various companies should be promoted one by one based on the pilot units. Full coverage means that the construction of the management system must be fully and uniformly implemented across the entire group. The entire group should be consistent, emphasizing the uniformity, consistency and coordination of management.

4. "top-down" and "bottom-up"
The "top-down" informatization construction is based on the ideas, needs and requirements of senior managers of the Group to construct an information system, which is divided into the goals and operational functions and basic data that each company can achieve, the final goal of the system is to meet the needs of senior managers.
The "bottom-up" Construction idea is to select a software system based on the needs of lower-level managers, provide convenient tools for their work, and finally provide support for decision-making by senior managers through technical integration.
Management systems are "top-down" and business systems are "bottom-up". Both methods must be based on the "requirements" of senior managers ".

Iii. Information Construction security issues
Security is an important issue that must be faced in informatization construction. With the in-depth informatization construction, security investment will account for half of the total informatization investment, and security mainly refers to data security and information security, data security is relatively well solved, so information security needs to be comprehensively considered. It needs to be paid attention to throughout the lifecycle of the information system, and security issues should be carried out throughout the entire informatization process, different methods should be taken for different information, and various methods and methods should be used to solve information security problems and integrate information security into the work of every employee. technologies and systems are equally important in security construction. Third-party backup of security solutions must be done, and the information system must be considered insecure.

Iv. informatization construction purpose
The purpose of informatization construction is to clarify the purpose of informatization? What can we get after it is built? At the beginning of informatization construction, it is necessary to clarify these problems, that is, to consider cost-effectiveness, not Informatization for informatization, and to set informatization construction objectives based on the enterprise development status and actual social level, of course, the ultimate goal or highest goal of informatization is to enable the top managers of an enterprise to conveniently obtain all the data they want on their devices (laptops, tablets, and mobile phones.