Pxe+kickstart Unattended Installation

First, pre-war theory

What is PXE?

PXE (Preboot Execute environment, pre-boot execution Environment) is the latest technology developed by Intel Corporation, working in the network mode of Client/server, just want hi workstation to download image from remote server through network, and thus support booting the operating system over the network, during the boot process, the terminal requires the server to assign an IP address, in TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) or MTFTP (Multicast Trivial file transfer PROTOCOL) protocol Uninstalls a boot package to native memory execution, this boot package completes the terminal basic software setup, thus booting the operating system from the pre-installed server. PXE can boot a variety of operating systems, such as: Windows 95/98/2000/windows 2008/xp/win 7/win8;

：

<span style=\ "\ \" Font-family:microsoft\ ">kickstart the core of the technology is: Automatic answer files (kickstart files), is the original in the installation process requires us to manually set the language, password, Network parameters are automatically set by reading and reading automatic answer files. That is, we need to write the settings of the operating system in advance to the automatic answer file, when the operating system begins to install, specify the installer to read the automatic answer file for automatic installation and deployment of the operating system

II. Installation and Deployment

The contents of the IP in the following configuration file must be filled out according to the actual environment, and cannot be copied

Do not pay attention to whether there are other DHCP servers in the intranet

1, install the server ip:192.168.0.70

2, the specific implementation steps are as follows

(1) Installing the DHCP service

[email protected] ~]# yum install-y dhcp[[email protected] ~]# vim/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conflog-facility local7;       Subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {range 192.168.0.150 192.168.0.200;       Option Domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114;       Option routers 192.168.0.1;       Default-lease-time 600;       Max-lease-time 7200;       Next-server 192.168.0.70;   FileName "pxelinux.0"; }

Configuration Description: Specifies the dynamic IP address assigned to the 192.168.0.0/24 network. The dynamic address pool is from 192.168.0.150 to 192.168.0.200; The client obtains the gateway address of the 192.168.0.1;TFTP address of 192.168.0.70, and the startup file name is called pxelinux.0

(2) Install and deploy TFTP service

[[email protected] ~]# yum install  tftp-server -y[[email protected]  ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftpservice tftp{         socket_type             = dgram         protocol                 = udp        wait                     =  yes        user                     = root         server                   = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd        server_args              = -s /var/lib/tftpboot         disable                  = no        per_source               = 11         cps                      = 100 2         flags                    = ipv4}

Configuration Description: Shared path is/var/lib/tftpboot

(3) Copy the required boot files from the client to the TFTP server

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y syslinux[[email protected] ~]#  cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/#将光盘或ISO挂载到/media, Copy the boot image file and boot configuration file from the installation image to the TFTP shared directory [[Email protected] ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt[[email  protected] ~]# cp /mnt/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/[[email  Protected] ~]# mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg[[email protected] ~]# vim  /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/defaultdefault linux    #prompt  1    timeout 600   display boot.msg   menu background  Splash.jpg   menu title welcome to centos 6.8!   menu  color border 0  #ffffffff   #00000000    menu color sel 7   #ffffffff   #ff000000    menu color title 0  #ffffffff   #00000000    menu color tabmsg  0  #ffffffff   #00000000    menu color unsel 0  #ffffffff  # 00000000   menu color hotsel 0  #ff000000   #ffffffff     menu color hotkey 7  #ffffffff   #ff000000    menu color  scrollbar 0  #ffffffff   #00000000    label linux      menu label ^install or upgrade an existing system      menu default     kernel vmlinuz     append  initrd=initrd.img ks=nfs:192.168.0.70:/ks/ks.cfg   label vesa      menu label Install system with ^basic video driver      kernel vmlinuz     append initrd=initrd.img xdriver=vesa nomodeset    label rescue     menu label ^Rescue installed  system     kernel vmlinuz     append initrd= initrd.img rescue   label local     menu label  boot from ^local drive     localboot 0xffff    label memtest86     menu label ^memory test      kernel memtest     append -[[email protected] ~]#  /etc/init.d/xinetd restart

Configuration Description: default Specifies the way to boot, that is, the following various boot methods starting with a label, kernel specifies the system kernel file, and the following KS parameter can specify the location of the auto answer file. This example is set to read the kickstart file by accessing the NFS share of 192.168.0.70.

(4) Create Kickstart auto answer file

[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /ks[[email protected] ~]# vim /ks/ks.cfg# platform=x86, amd64,  or  Intel EM64T#version=DEVEL#  disable firewall rules iptablesfirewall -- disabled#  installation System INSTALL# NFS server address IP, and the system image path on NFS nfs --server=192.168.0.70 --dir=/mnt#  root  Password (encrypted 123456) rootpw --iscrypted $1$16pxgd.m$c4ve6ojcmgfqvadgm0dse.# system  authorization informationauth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512#  Install textfirstboot --disable#  American Keyboard keyboard us#  system language using the character interface lang en_us#  Off selinuxselinux --disabled#  do not configure the graphical interface skipx#  installation logging level to  infologging --level=info#  Restart reboot#  system time zone timezone  asia/shanghai#  network configuration: Dynamic acquisition of IP, network card name eth0, boot automatically start Network service, do not turn on IPv6, host name ( Custom, can not write, default localdomain:localhost) network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on  --noipv6 --hostname=centos04#  System boot Boot configuration: MBR bootbootloader --location=mbr#  disk partition, ZEROMBR: Must have, otherwise the installation will be stopped in the format partition interface zerombrclearpart --all -- initlabel#  Disk Partitioning method part /boot --fstype= "Ext4"  --size=200part swap --fstype= "swap"  --size=2000part / --fstype= "Ext4"  --grow --size=1#  script to be executed after installation is complete%post/sbin/ chkconfig --level 2345 atd off/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 httpd off/ Sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 cups off/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 smartd  off/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 bluetooth off/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345  sshd on/sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 snmpd on/usr/sbin/useradd tomcatmkdir  /root/.ssh/chmod -R 600 /root/.ssh/%end#  Customize some software packages, such as vim, dev tool% Packages@additional-devel@development@corevim-commonvim-enhancedvim-minimalwgetlrzsz%end

(5) Deploying NFS Services:

[[email protected] ~]# Yum install nfs-utils rpcbind-y[[email protected] ~]# vim/etc/exports/ks 192.168.0.0/255.255.2 55.0 (RO)/mnt 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0 (RO) [[email protected] ~]#/etc/init.d/rpcbind start; /etc/init.d/nfs start

(6) Turn on the client

For first-time clients, there is no need to enter the BIOS change boot order, from the CD-ROM or hard disk can not be found naturally from the network to find the installation source

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This article is from the "Wesley" blog, please be sure to keep this source http://szk5043.blog.51cto.com/8456440/1889967

Pxe+kickstart Unattended Installation