Quickly build Data Guard physical standby

The role of Data Gurad is not much said. Here, we will talk about the building steps of physical standby.
There are roughly three ways to create a standby Database
Method 1: Use rman to generate standby. (use rman's duplice method for direct creation without first backing up)
Method 2: It is generated using rman restore. (Use rman to back up the master database, and then create it using rman restore)
Method 3: generate with cp (after the master database is closed, copy the control file, password file, and data file to the location of the slave database)
I mainly use duplice here. I don't need to talk about the advantages. Suppose T is on your database, which method will you choose?

The Oracle test version is 11 GB;
1. Set the environment variables for the master and slave databases and create related directories.
Master database:

Su-oracle
-- Archive log storage directory
-- Put the example in/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/xcldb
Mkdir-p $ ORACLE_BASE/archivelog/$ ORACLE_SID

Note the following two parameters for environment variables:
ORACLE_SID = xcldb
ORACLE_UNQNAME = xcldb

Slave database:

Su-oracle
-- Generate related directories. Pay attention to the permissions. For the other 11 GB, there are several directories for 10 Gb.
Mkdir-p $ ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ ORACLE_SID/{adump, bdump, cdump, dpdump, udump, pfile}
-- Database directory
Mkdir-p $ ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ ORACLE_SID
-- Flashback
Mkdir-p $ ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area/$ ORACLE_SID
-- Archive log storage directory
Mkdir-p $ ORACLE_BASE/archivelog/$ ORACLE_SID

Note the following two parameters for environment variables:
ORACLE_SID = xcldbdg
ORACLE_UNQNAME = xcldbdg

2. Set the database to archive

-- View the current mode
Archive log list
-- Set the path for archiving logs. Multiple identical logs can be generated and saved in multiple locations to prevent loss.
-- If this parameter is not set, it is set to $ ORACLE_HOME/dbs by default.
Alter system set log_archive_dest_1 = 'location =/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/xcldb ';
Shutdown immediate
Startup mount
Alter database archivelog;
Archive log list;

3. Set force logging to force log Mode

Alter database force logging
Select force_logging from v $ database;
-- Cancel this mode: alter database no force logging;
-- Manually switch logs to generate archived logs
Alter system switch logfile -- three executions
Select name from v $ archived_log;
-- View existing Log Files
Select * from v $ logfile;

4. Create a Standby redo log
Recommended formula for creating quantity:
Standby redo log group formula> = (number of log groups per instance + 1) * number of instances
(Maximum number of logfiles for each thread + 1) * maximum number of threads

-- Find the largest group #, because group # cannot be repeated.
Select max (group #) from v $ log;
-- The group number and file size can be viewed in these two queries. The default value of 11g is 52428800.
Select group #, bytes from v $ LOG;
Select group #, bytes from v $ STANDBY_LOG;

-- Note that the size is the same. I'm a test and I don't care about the size.
Alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xcldb/redo11.log 'size 50 m;
Alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 12'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xcldb/redo12.log 'size 50 m;
Alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 13 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xcldb/redo13.log' size 50 m;
Alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 14'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/xcldb/redo14.log 'size 50 m;

Note:
When adding standby logfile, if thread 1 is a single instance database, but it is a RAC database,
Add related Standby logs for each instance;
In addition, you can use the following command to create an OMF-managed system:
Alter database add standby logfile thread 1 group 11 size 500 m;
 
Verification results:
Col member format a50
Select group #, type, member from v $ logfile where type = 'standby ';

 

References:

Important configuration parameters of Oracle Data Guard

Configure Oracle 11g Data Guard based on the same host

Explore Oracle 11g elastic uard

Oracle Data Guard (RAC + DG) archive deletion policies and scripts

Role conversion for Oracle Data Guard

FAL gap in Oracle Data Guard logs

Oracle 11g Data Guard Error 16143 Heartbeat failed to connect to standby

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