This record indicates that 10 bicycles have been transferred from their stock to their partner locations> MERs ). The system records any inventory change in this form of Inventory movement. In Oe, the concept of "inventory change" is very extensive. For example, if inventory check finds that two bicycles are lost, the system records the following:
Product | quantity | source database bit | target database bit
Bicycle | 2 | stock | virtual locations> Inventory Loss
This record indicates that two bicycles are transferred from their stock to virtual locations> inventory loss ). Conversely, inventory profit is transferred from inventory to stock. Another example is the movement of inventory records in the production and picking systems: from the original location to the production location ). Inventory movement of finished product warehouse receiving system records: From the production location to the finished product warehouse location.
Ii. Real Stock and virtual stock)
The system does not record the product inventory quantity of each database location, but only records inventory changes. How can we know the quantity of products in a database location? This is actually very easy. For example, the number of bicycles in location A, which is migrated to location A (the destination location is location a), increases the number of bicycles. Otherwise, the removal reduces the number of bicycles. Therefore, as long as the quantity of the target database location a and the quantity of the source database location a in the bicycle Inventory movement record are counted, the quantity of bicycles in the database position a is reduced.
In reality, inventory is divided into real stock and virtual stock ). The actual inventory is the actual quantity in the database space, and the virtual inventory is the future quantity in the database space. For example, if you place an order today, the purchased materials will arrive in five days. Then, the buyer should consider whether to place an order today and how much it will purchase. The buyer should decide based on the inventory quantity in five days. In the next five days, some products have been sold out and will be released within five days. Some products have been placed (purchase order or production order) and will be placed in the warehouse within five days. The actual inventory, plus the number of warehouse to be checked in the future, minus the number of warehouse to be checked out in the future, is the virtual inventory. Note that the quantity and time of Virtual Inventory are related. For example, the virtual inventory after 10 days is obviously different from the virtual inventory after 5 days.
How does the system calculate the actual inventory and virtual inventory? It is still calculated based on inventory moving records. However, more information in inventory moving records should be used. The stock move records of the actual records in the system, including the moving status, planned moving date, actual moving date, and other fields. When calculating the actual inventory, count the number of inventory movement records that have actually occurred (move to done. When calculating Virtual Inventory, count the actual and upcoming occurrences (moving status is valid, and the planned moving date is within the Computing period) but not yet (no actual moving date) the number of moving records is obtained.
3. Warehouse and location
warehouses are what we usually call "warehouses ". In a real warehouse, it is usually divided into several goods zones, such as the finished goods area, raw material area, and waste area. The goods areas are also divided into shelves and goods layers, and the goods areas and shelves form a tree structure, this hierarchy can be modeled using the database space in OE.
In the OE warehouse settings, a warehouse is divided into three locations: Location stock and location input) location output ).
Inventory location: the goods storage area in the warehouse, which can be further subdivided by shelves and goods layers.
Inventory location: the temporary storage area for receiving goods in the warehouse, for example, a temporary storage area that has been received but not accepted. In simple cases, there is no need for a temporary receiving area. The receiving location can be set to the same location as the storage location.
shipping location: the temporary storage area in which goods are delivered in the warehouse, for example, the temporary storage area that has been delivered and is waiting for shipment. In simple cases, there is no need for a temporary shipping area. The shipping location can be set to the same location as the storage location.
the location is similar to the area in the warehouse and used to store products (note that OE products include raw materials, consumables, finished products, and other materials ). The source and target locations recorded in the inventory movement are both warehouse locations and unavailable warehouses. The concept of OE location is very flexible. It can be the actual location (region) or virtual location. The virtual warehouse location does not exist physically. It is only used for stock moving records in the compound inventory. For example, for Inventory movement records during inventory shortage, the target database location is "inventory location", which is a virtual database location. The concept of Inventory movement of OE is very extensive, and there are many types of corresponding locations.
supplier location: the source location used to move the inventory when receiving the goods from the supplier. It is a virtual location.
View location: An intermediate node of the location tree structure, used to organize the location tree structure. This view cannot be used in inventory movement, but it can be used in inventory statistics, that is, to count the total inventory of each warehouse under it.
internal location: the location where the goods are actually stored in the warehouse, that is, the warehouse.
customer location: the target location used to move the inventory when it is supplied to the customer. It is a virtual location.
Inventory: the destination or source location of inventory loss. Note that the new OE system also moves the product from this location to each location to create the inventory at the beginning of the period.
procurement (procurement order): this concept is very important and will be discussed later. When the system generates a replenishment order for the first time, the system cannot determine the source of the replenishment (not sure whether the replenishment is made through purchase or production ). The replenishment source is known only after the system has completed the procurement schedment. By default, the system runs a replenishment scheduling plan every day. Of course, you can manually execute the replenishment scheduling plan at any time. The replenishment location is used to move the inventory in the first replenishment order. Each time the replenishment scheduling plan is run, the inventory quantity of this location should be zero.
production location: the destination location or source location when the raw or finished product is imported into the database during production. It is a virtual location.
transit location for inter-companies transfers.
4. Location chain
the locations of OE can be connected to each other to form a location chain. For example, you want to enter the quality control area after receiving the goods, and then import the goods to the warehouse after confirmation by the quality control personnel. To implement this business, a simple method is to use the location chain. Set a quality control location, which is linked to your inventory location. Whenever the goods enter the quality control location (the system records the Inventory movement of a target location as the quality control location ), the system automatically generates a mobile order from the quality control warehouse location to the inventory warehouse location, requiring the quality control personnel to confirm the list.
in a location chain, there are three ways to move from the first location to the next location:
manual transfer ): the system automatically generates a mobile order to the next location, requiring the operator to confirm before the actual movement.
automatic move: the system automatically generates a move ticket to the next location, which is directly moved without confirmation by the operator. At this time, the chaining lead time is usually specified, which indicates that after the goods enter the location, wait for the time to enter the next location. This concept can be used to model logistics path nodes and their time.
automatic hop (automatic no step added): the system does not generate a move ticket to the next location, but directly modifies the target location of the original inventory to the next location.
you can use OE's flexible concept of location and location chain to model the logistics processing process. For example,
multiple confirmations of sales and shipping: for example, the default sales and shipping process of the system is two confirmations, and one is to confirm that the products to be delivered are qualified before the Warehouse is released, next, the customer will contact the Customer after receiving the goods to confirm the receipt is correct. The packing list automatically generated by the system during the first confirmation of the sales ticket is confirmed on the inventory stock to the inventory shift of the shipment inventory output, for the second time, the transportation ticket (delivery order, whose content is from the shipment location output to the Inventory movement of the customer location cusomer) generated after the first confirmation is confirmed. If you do not need the second confirmation, you only need to set output-> customer to automatically transfer the location chain, and the second operation will be automatically moved without confirmation.
track the shipping route for Import and Export of Goods: for example, if a product is imported from Company A, Company A will arrive at the West Coast port two days after delivery, and arrive at the Shanghai Port one month later, should arrive at the company warehouse in 5 days. To track the logistics process, you can establish a location chain: supplier a-> West Coast port-> Shanghai Port-> input-> stock, and set the time in advance for each link of the location chain, the system can automatically generate inventory movement for the user to confirm whether the goods arrive at each node on time.
Manage the logistics path of a single product: After the location_path module is installed, oe supports setting a specific logistics path for each product.
Management of rental products: for example, if a device A is rented to a customer a for three months, you can set a location chain for device: stock-> output-> Customer A-> input-> stock, and set the library chain of Customer A-> input to 3 months in advance. In this way, the system will automatically generate inventory movement orders three months later for the user to confirm whether device A is returned on time.
Management of delegated products: Delegated products are stored in the customer or supplier, but the property rights belong to their own products, or are stored in the company's warehouse, however, the property rights do not belong to the company's products. For example, if the property rights belong to you but are stored in the customer's product, you can set a "customer location" under the total inventory location of your company to record the inventory of such products.
5. Product replenishment (Procurement)
When sales are out of stock, you need to "replenish" the goods in time. This replenishment process is called procurement in OE ). OE replenishment is achieved by manually or automatically generating a replenishment order. Replenishment may occur in many cases:
1) The warehouse manager finds that the inventory of a product is too low. He can manually generate a replenishment order ). On the product screen, there is a "Make procurement" link on the right. When you check the inventory, you find that the inventory of the product is too low. You can click this link to manually fill in the replenishment ticket.
2) When the inventory of a make to stock product is lower than the minimum stock (minimum stock rules), the system will automatically generate a replenishment ticket. The system has a batch processing job, which is regularly executed (once a day by default). The job is based on the set minimum stock rule (minimum stock Rules). If the inventory is insufficient, A Replenishment ticket is automatically generated.
3) make to order products. The system will automatically generate a replenishment order when confirming the sales order.
4) make to stock products generate replenishment orders according to the Master Production Plan (schedule.
As the replenishment order is executed, the system will produce a series of actions. For example, a purchase order is automatically generated, a manufacturing order is automatically generated, and a task is automatically generated ). The specific action depends on the settings of three attributes: product supply method, procurement method, and product type.
OE supports two product replenishment Methods: Make to stock and make to order ).
Make to stock: indicates the products from the warehouse that are delivered to the customer, such as distribution or seasonal products.
Make to order: indicates that a product purchased or produced according to the order will not be imported into the database when there is a sales order.
OE supports two Product Supply Methods: Production (produce) and purchase (buy ).
Production: indicates that the product is supplied by itself, or the service is provided by internal resources.
Purchase: indicates that the product or service is supplied through purchase.
OE supports three types of products: stockable, cosumable, and service)
Stockable: refers to the materials that need to be measured in stock. This type is usually used for tangible products.
Consumable: The amount of materials in stock that do not need to be measured, usually low-value consumable products, such as small screws.
Service: A non-tangible thing. In Oe, services are also considered as products. Such as consulting services and software development services.
For inventory-ready products, follow-up actions of the replenishment order:
Replenishment method | supply method (produce) | supply method (buy)
MTS | waiting
MTO | automatically generate a production order | automatically generate a purchase order
Follow-up actions of the procurement order for service products:
Replenishment method | supply method (produce) | supply method (buy)
MTS |-
MTO | automatically generates project tasks | automatically generates service outsourcing contracts
The following is a complex example of the OE replenishment process:
1) Product A that sells an MTO
2) When the sales order (SO: sale order) is confirmed, the system automatically generates the replenishment order (PO: Procurement Order) for product)
3) This po causes the system to generate a manufacturing Order (MO: Manufacturing order) for product)
4) with the execution of the Mo, the system calculates the replenishment order of product parts based on the BOM.
5) The parts replenishment order will cause the system to generate a warehouse moving Order (INT: Internal moves, equivalent to the picking order)
6) if the parts are MTO products, the int will trigger a new po and Mo. If the parts are MTS and the inventory is insufficient, the system will be in the waiting status (waiting)
7) in the waiting status, after one day, the minimum inventory rule will automatically trigger the replenishment order of the parts, and the replenishment order will generate a purchase order (PO: purchase order)
8) the Purchaser confirms the purchase order generated by the system. After the parts are imported into the warehouse, the waiting state ends and the production can continue.
From the above replenishment process, we can see that there are multiple causes that may lead to the interruption of the replenishment process (Procurement exception), and the replenishment order will record the cause of the exception. Setting errors is the most common cause of automatic replenishment exceptions.
No bill of materials defined for production is defined. In this case, you need to define the BOM or change the product supply method to buy (buy ).
No supplier available for a purchase: this is because the supplier of the product is not defined. You need to define the default supplier on the supplier page of the product interface.
Unable to find the supplier's address (no address defined on the supplier partner): In this case, you need to set the supplier's address, which is required when the system automatically generates a purchase order.
Inventory insufficiency (no quantity available in stock): In this case, the minimum inventory rule needs to be defined to enable the system to automatically replenish the stock, or manually enter the replenishment order to supplement the stock.
6. Stock value)
Inventory value calculation is difficult. The inventory value given by the Financial Manager is often different from the inventory value given by the inventory manager. In Oe, two skins are cleverly unified into one skin. In Oe, the unified "two skins" approach is that each inventory movement will automatically generate an inventory moving entry on the accounting. Because the system automatically generates and avoids human errors, the accounting entries and Inventory movement can be consistent, the inventory value calculated by the Financial Manager from the accounting entries is always the same as the inventory value calculated by the inventory manager from the inventory movement.
In order to unify the inventory value, you need to set the following basic parameters in OE: stock input account, stock Output account, and location of the product image) the stock input account and stock Output account of the image.
The stock input account of the product: the credit of the incoming entries when the product is imported into the database. When the product is imported into the database, the borrower is usually fixed as an inventory item ".
Stock Output account of the product: the borrower of the warehouse entry when the product is released. When a product is delivered out of the warehouse, the credit is usually fixed as an inventory item ".
Stock input account: The borrower of the warehouse entry when the product enters the warehouse. This parameter is generally a level-2 subject named after the database space under "inventory item", such as "database ". However, if it is a "inventory check location" or "production location", do not set it to a second-level subject of "inventory items". You can set this parameter to "inventory check" or "Production Database ", or not.
Stock Output account: the credit of the warehouse entry when the product outputs the warehouse. This parameter is also a level-2 subject named after the database location under "inventory item", for example, "database ".
Consider the following example,
Stock input account = "External Database" and stock Output account = "External Database" of the product "bicycle"
Stock input account of database A = "stock item-database a", stock Output account = "stock item-database"
Inventory input account = "inventory", stock Output account = "inventory"
The unit price of bicycles is 200 yuan, and the number of bicycles in stock is 0 at the beginning of the period. In turn, business occurs: 1) purchase 10 bicycles into the warehouse and enter the warehouse; 2) sell 5 bicycles out of the warehouse, from database a; 3) inventory loss of 1 bicycle at the end of the month.
When you confirm the above stock movement, the system will automatically generate the following accounting entries:
1) purchase warehouse receiving
Product | quantity | source database bit | target database bit
Bicycle | 10 | supplier | a location
Accounting entries
Borrow: inventory goods-database a 2000
Loan: External Database 2000
2) outbound sales
Product | quantity | source database bit | target database bit
Bicycle | 5 | a location | customer
Accounting entries
Borrow: External Database 1000
Loan: inventory goods-database a 1000
3) Inventory Loss
Product | quantity | source database bit | target database bit
Bicycle | 1 | a location | inventory location
Accounting entries
Borrow: Inventory 200
Loan: inventory goods-database a 200
From the records of the system, the database management manager can easily conclude that four a warehouse (10-5-1) and one inventory space (1) are checked.
The financial manager can easily conclude that a database is worth RMB 800 (RMB 2000-RMB 1000-RMB 200), and the inventory is worth RMB 200.
The value of the inventory position indicates that the inventory loss is RMB 200. It's nice to write so much in a day!
The following three points are worth discussing:
Warehouses are the actual "warehouses" we usually call ". In a real warehouse, it is usually divided into several goods zones, such as the finished goods area, raw material area, and waste area. The goods areas are also divided into shelves and goods layers, and the goods areas and shelves form a tree structure, this hierarchy can be modeled using the database space in OE.
Procurement (procurement order): this concept is very important, and I will discuss it later. When the system generates a replenishment order for the first time, the system cannot determine the source of the replenishment (not sure whether the replenishment is made through purchase or production ). The replenishment source is known only after the system has completed the procurement schedment. By default, the system runs a replenishment scheduling plan every day. Of course, you can manually execute the replenishment scheduling plan at any time. The replenishment location is used to move the inventory in the first replenishment order.
The inventory quantity of this location should be zero. Is a virtual location.
Make to stock: indicates the products from the warehouse that are delivered to the customer, such as distribution or seasonal products.
Make to order: indicates that a product purchased or produced according to the order will not be imported into the database when there is a sales order. There is nothing to discuss about the upstairs.
5. Product replenishment (Procurement)
When sales are out of stock, you need to "replenish" the goods in time. This replenishment process is called procurement in OE ). OE replenishment is achieved by manually or automatically generating a replenishment order. Replenishment may occur in many cases:
1) The warehouse manager finds that the inventory of a product is too low. He can manually generate a replenishment order ). On the product screen, there is a "Make procurement" link on the right. When you check the inventory, you find that the inventory of the product is too low. You can click this link to manually fill in the replenishment ticket.
2) When the inventory of a make to stock product is lower than the minimum stock (minimum stock rules), the system will automatically generate a replenishment ticket. The system has a batch processing job, which is regularly executed (once a day by default). The job is based on the set minimum stock rule (minimum stock Rules). If the inventory is insufficient, A Replenishment ticket is automatically generated.
3) make to order products. The system will automatically generate a replenishment order when confirming the sales order.
4) make to stock products generate replenishment orders according to the Master Production Plan (schedule.
Question:
1. Why 2) Is it a little different from 4)? 2) is the supply method buy and 4) is the supply method MRP?
2. Product replenishment will automatically generate a replenishment order. Is the concept of a replenishment order the same as that of a purchase order? If they are the same, will multiple auto-generated replenishment tickets be purchased together if the suppliers are the same?
I told the boss that oe has never been used, so the question may be a bit white. Please forgive me!
1. Why 2) Is it a little different from 4)? 2) is the supply method buy and 4) is the supply method MRP?
> 2. Product replenishment will automatically generate a replenishment ticket. Is the replenishment order the same as the purchase order? If they are the same, will multiple auto-generated replenishment tickets be purchased together if the suppliers are the same?
The replenishment order and procurement order are not a concept. If the Supply Mode of the product is buy, the system will generate a purchase order based on the replenishment order. If the Supply Mode of the product is produce, the system generates a manufacturing Order (MO) based on the replenishment order ).
The system does not automatically merge the same list of suppliers from the purchase order generated by the replenishment order, but an additional module (merge_picking) allows you to manually merge the list.It is debatable here:Stock input account: The borrower of the warehouse entry when the product enters the warehouse. This parameter is generally a level-2 subject named after the database space under "inventory item", such as "database ". However, if it is a "inventory check location" or "production location", do not set it to a second-level subject of "inventory items". You can set this parameter to "inventory check" or "Production Database ", or not.
Stock Output account: the credit of the warehouse entry when the product outputs the warehouse. This parameter is also a level-2 subject named after the database location under "inventory item", for example, "database ".
------------------------------------------
6.0 is not the same as 5.0.
In 5.0, only one accounting subject can be set for the warehouse location, that is, the same account can be used for warehouse receiving and warehouse picking.
In section 6.0, you can set separate subjects for the warehouse receiving and warehouse receiving of a specific warehouse location. This makes it more flexible.
In general, setting a subject on the database space is only applicable to virtual database spaces. For example, inventory, customer, supplier, and production. For physical database locations such as stock, we generally do not set subjects.
Accounting entries
Borrow: inventory goods-database a 2000
Loan: External Database 2000
How about accounting entries?
Borrow: inventory goods-database a 2000
Loan: Material Purchase 2000
Note: for small and medium-sized enterprises
Borrow: inventory goods-database a 2000
Tax payable-VAT payable-340 of input tax amount
Loan: Account Payable 2340
2) outbound sales
Product | quantity | source database bit | target database bit
Bicycle | 5 | a location | customer
Accounting entries
Borrow: External Database 1000
Loan: inventory goods-database a 1000
How about accounting entries?
Borrow: goods to be released: 1000
Loan: inventory goods-database a 1000
Note: for small and medium-sized enterprises
Borrow: main business costs 1000
Loan: inventory goods-database a 1000
3) Inventory Loss
Product | quantity | source database bit | target database bit
Bicycle | 1 | a location | inventory location
Accounting entries
Borrow: Inventory 200
Loan: inventory goods-database a 200
Is this better:
Borrow: profit and loss of assets to be processed: 200
Loan: inventory goods-database a 200 thanks to the professional opinion of fish (dquo), written by fish, more in line with professional financial requirements. In order for the system to automatically generate the entries provided by the fish, the system's parameter settings should be changed:
The stock input account of the product "bicycle" = "Material Purchase", stock Output account = "goods to be released"
Stock input account of database A = "stock item-database a", stock Output account = "stock item-database"
Stock input account of the inventory position = "profit and loss of assets to be processed", stock Output account = "profit and loss of assets to be processed ".
In addition, it is not recommended to use the statement of small and medium-sized enterprises, such:
Note: for small and medium-sized enterprises
Borrow: inventory goods-database a 2000
Tax payable-VAT payable-340 of input tax amount
Loan: Account Payable 2340
The reason is: there are multiple economic activities in the procurement process. One is to place orders, the other is to import the purchased materials into the warehouse, and the third is to pay for the purchase. For the convenience of manual accounting, the accounting entries of multiple activities are directly merged. Therefore, there are some small and medium enterprises. But now all the entries are automatically generated by the system and do not need to be written by hand. Therefore, opening multiple entries can be used to track economic activities in more detail. That is, when purchasing an order, the system automatically generates the entry:
Borrow: Material Purchase 2000
Tax payable-VAT payable-340 of input tax amount
Loan: Account Payable 2340
Make the system automatically generate entries when purchasing materials for warehouse receiving:
Borrow: inventory goods-database a 2000
Loan: Material Purchase 2000
In actual payment, the system automatically generates entries:
Borrow: Accounts Payable 2340
Loan: 2340 of bank deposits
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