Several management principles [reprinted]

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• 1. Occam Razor Law

1. Occam Razor Law

In the 12th century, William of OCCAM advocated "name-based theory" and admitted only the things that actually existed. He believed that the general concepts of empty things were useless and should be "shaved" relentlessly ". He advocates that "do not add entities unless necessary ". This is what we often call the Occam Razor ". This razor has threatened many people and is considered an evil saying. William Himself is also under persecution. However, it has not damaged the sharpness of the knife. On the contrary, after centuries, the Occam Razor has been honed by history faster and faster, and has already exceeded the originally narrow field, it has extensive, rich, and profound significance.

Occam's Razor law can be further evolved into a simple and complex law in enterprise management: it is easy to make things complex and complex. This law requires that, when dealing with things, we should grasp the main essence of things, grasp the mainstream, and solve the most fundamental problems, especially to adapt to nature, and not artificially complicate things, in this way, we can handle things well.

2. Mushroom Management

"Mushroom management" is a kind of management mentality that many organizations treat beginners. Beginners are placed in a dark corner (unvalued departments or jobs ), let's drop a piece of dung (without any criticism, criticism, and proxy efforts) and let them survive (without necessary guidance and support ). I believe many people have had such an experience of "mushrooms", which is not necessarily a bad thing, especially when everything was just getting started, when "mushrooms" were in the past few days ", it can eliminate many unrealistic fantasies, bring us closer to reality, and identify problems more practically.

An organization generally treats new employees equally, and there will be no big difference from the starting salary to the work. No matter how talented you are, at the beginning, you can only start with the simplest thing. The "mushroom" experience is like a cocoon for growing young people, this is a step that must be taken before regionalization. Therefore, how to efficiently walk through this section of life, learn from it as much as possible, mature it, and establish a good and trustworthy personal image, it is a topic that young people who have just entered the society must face.

3. invalid law

The most intuitive expression of "The Law of not worth" is that it is not worth doing what is not worth doing. This law seems simple, but its importance is often ignored and forgotten. The law of not worth reflects people's psychology. If a person is engaged in something he thinks is not worth doing, he will always be cynical and perfunctory, not only will the success rate be low, even if you succeed, you will not feel a great sense of accomplishment.

Therefore, for individuals, they should select one of the various optional goals and values and then strive for it. Choosing what you love and what you choose can inspire us and make us feel at ease. For an enterprise or organization, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of its employees and allocate work properly, for example, employees who wish to achieve a higher level of success may take the lead in completing the work that has certain risks and difficulties, and give them prompt recognition and praise when they are completed; enable employees with strong attachment desires to join more in a group to work together, and enable those with strong power to serve as supervisors that adapt to their abilities. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the employee's sense of recognition of the company's goals, so that employees can feel the work they have done is worthwhile, in order to stimulate the enthusiasm of employees ."

4. Watch Theorem

The "watch Theorem" means that when a person has a table, he can know the current time. When he has two tables at the same time, he cannot be sure. The two watches do not tell a person more accurate time. Instead, they will lose confidence in accurate time.

In terms of enterprise management, the watch Theorem gives us a very intuitive inspiration, that is, the method of the same person or organization cannot adopt two different methods at the same time, you cannot set two different targets at the same time, or even each individual cannot be directed by two people at the same time. Otherwise, the enterprise or individual may be at a loss.

Another implication of the watch theorem is that everyone cannot choose two different values at the same time. Otherwise, your behavior will be in disorder.

5. Washington cooperation rules

"The Law of Washington cooperation" says: one person is perfunctory, two people are responsible for each other, and three people will never succeed. It is somewhat similar to the story of our "three monks.

Human-to-human cooperation is not a simple addition of human resources, but more complex and subtle. In this cooperation, assuming that each person has the ability to be 1, the cooperation result of 10 people is sometimes much larger than 10, sometimes, or even smaller than 1. Because people are not static objects, they are more like the energy in different directions. When they push each other, they naturally get twice the result with half the effort. When they conflict with each other, nothing can be done.

In our traditional management theory, there is not much research on cooperation. The most intuitive reflection is that most of the current management systems and behaviors are committed to reducing unnecessary labor consumption, rather than using organizations to improve people's efficiency.
In other words, the main purpose of management is not to make everyone the best, but to avoid too much friction!

6. zero-sum game principles

"Zero-sum games" mean that in a game, players win or lose, while one party wins and the other party loses. The total score of the game is always zero. The "zero-sum game principle" is widely used, the main reason is that people can find a similar situation with zero-sum games in all aspects of society. The glory of the winner often hides the bitterness and bitterness of the loser.

In the 20th century, after two world wars, the concept of zero-sum games is gradually replaced by the concept of "win-win. People began to realize that "profit" does not have to be based on "damage to people. Through effective cooperation, a happy ending is possible.

However, from a "zero-sum game" to a "win-win" situation, all parties must have the spirit and courage of sincere cooperation. In Cooperation, do not be clever or always want to take advantage of others' advantages, we must abide by the rules of the game. Otherwise, the "win-win" situation will not be possible, and the final loss will be the partner's own.

7. Matthew Effect

New Testament. there is a story in the Gospel of Matthew: A King gave three servants a silver ingot before his journey, and said, "You are going to do business. Come back to me when I come back." When the king came back, the first servant said, "Master, I have earned 10 ingots for the silver ingot you gave me ." So the king rewarded him with 10 cities. The second servant reported: "I have earned 5 ingots for the silver ingot you gave me ." So the king rewarded him with five cities. The third servant reported: "The silver ingot you gave me, my master, has been wrapped in my towel for fear of loss and has never been taken out ." Then the king ordered the silver ingot of the third servant to be given to the first servant and said, "If there are few, even all of his will be taken over. If there are many, you have to give it to him to make him more beneficial ." This is the Matthew effect, which reflects a common phenomenon in today's society.

For business development, the Matthew effect tells us that to maintain an advantage in a certain field, we must rapidly expand in this field. When you become the leader in a certain field, even if the return on investment is the same, you can easily obtain larger profits from weaker peers. If there is no strength to quickly expand in a certain field, it is necessary to constantly look for new areas of development in order to ensure a good return.

8. Bucket Law

The Law of a bucket is about how much water a bucket can hold. It depends entirely on the shortest board. This means that any organization may face a common problem, that is, the components that constitute the Organization are often different from each other, and the weaknesses often determine the level of the entire organization.

Unlike the law of drinking water and sewage, the latter discusses the destructive power in the organization, while the shortest board is a useful part of the organization, it is only a little worse than the split part. You cannot discard them as bad apples. The strength of the vulnerability cannot be eliminated. The problem lies in the extent to which you tolerate the vulnerability. If it is serious enough to become a bottleneck that hinders your work, you will have to do something.

9. Wine and sewage Law

"Wine and sewage Law" refers to pouring a spoonful of wine into a bucket of sewage to produce a bucket of Sewage. If you pour a spoonful of sewage into a bucket, A bucket of sewage is obtained. There are almost a few difficult people in any organization. They seem to exist to make things worse. Worst of all, they are like rotten apples in the fruit box. If they are not processed in time, they will be infected quickly and other apples in the fruit box will also be corrupted.

What's terrible about a rotten apple is its amazing destructive power. An upright and competent person may be swallowed up into a chaotic Department, and a wicked person can quickly turn an efficient Department into a sandbox. Organizational systems are often fragile and built on mutual understanding, compromise, and tolerance. They are easily attacked and poisoned.

Another important reason for their extraordinary capabilities is that damage is always easier than construction. A craftsman who has made ceramics over time can destroy them in a second. If there is such a donkey in an organization, even if there are more skilled craftsmen, there will not be much decent work. If there is such a donkey in your organization, you should immediately remove the snake; if you cannot do so, you should tie it up.

10. Peter's principles

Each organization is composed of different positions, levels, or classes. Each organization belongs to a certain level. Peter works by American scholar Lawrence. peter, after studying the phenomena related to personnel promotion in the Organization, concluded that in various organizations, employees tend to be promoted to an incompetent position. Peter's principle is sometimes referred to as "crawling up.

This phenomenon is everywhere in real life: a competent professor is promoted to a university principal, but cannot be competent. A good athlete is promoted to an officer in charge of sports and does nothing.
For an organization, if a considerable number of employees are pushed to the incompetent level, the organization will be full and inefficient, leading to unexpected growth and stagnation.

Therefore, it is required to change the employee promotion mechanism simply "depending on contribution". It is impossible for someone to do well in a certain position, it can be inferred that this person is qualified for a higher level of role. The promotion of an employee to a position where the talents cannot be well played is not only a reward for himself, but also a failure to make good use of his talents, but also a loss to the Enterprise.

11. Frog Principle

Put a frog in a cup containing boiling water, and the frog jumps out immediately. But put a frog in another warm water cup, and slowly heated to boiling, the frog will swim comfortably in the cup at the beginning until it is found too hot, lost power cannot jump out.

The deterioration of the environment, coupled with competition and survival pressure, often makes it difficult for us to really improve our quality of life, but we can start a "new revolution ":

1. Changes in the big environment can determine your success and failure. Changes in the big environment are sometimes invisible. We must always pay attention to learning more, be alert, and welcome changes so that it will not be too late.

2. A comfortable environment is the most dangerous moment. You are used to the lifestyle, that is, your most dangerous lifestyle, constantly innovating, and breaking the old pattern, I believe that everything can be improved.

3. To detect small changes in the trend, you must "Stop" and think from different perspectives. Learning is the best way to discover changes.