The art and methods of enterprise leadership in Sun Tzu's War of War

"The Art of War" is known as "the world's ancient First Bingshu", "Military learning of the Holy Code", is increasingly the concern of business leaders, and Japanese entrepreneurs took the lead in the "grandson" of the idea of the application of enterprise management, is called a great wisdom.

"The Art of war" This is born in the native, originated from the local, highly concentrated and embodies the great wisdom of our people, the university's masterpiece, its thoughts and influence in today's beyond the military field, into the political, economic and other social life in all aspects. Today, in the process of accelerating the modernization of enterprise management in China, as the entrepreneur and operator of our country, it is of great value for us to study and research the thought of the method of modern enterprise leadership in Sun Tzu's Art of War. The purpose of this paper is to explore some of the core ideas.

One, "The choice of people and the potential"
Grandson in the "potential" in the sermon: "So the fighting, seeking for the potential, not responsible for people, so can choose people and the potential." The meaning of this sentence is that generals, who is good at directing war, should be placed on the situation of relying on, using, grasping and creating in favor of his own victory, rather than demanding the officials, so he can start from the development of the overall situation and choose the talents suitable for the task. So that they can determine the overall victory of the initiative. This is the grandson of the leadership of the art of a highly incisive summary and exposition. In-depth understanding of the grandson of "choice of people ren" idea, for today's business leaders and entrepreneurs, which contains rich and profound connotation and lessons.

Sun Tzu's "potential" refers to a military challenge or offense initiated by another party, resulting in a military "war" between the two sides or the parties. Refer it to the enterprise management, the business plan of a major strategic action decision-making or operators in the market competition show some (such as scientific and technological progress, new product development, marketing planning, etc.) competition, which will form a variety of operators to face the "business potential." But whether it is "war" or "business", there is a problem of "seeking for the potential". According to grandson's thought, the fundamental starting point of seeking potential is "taking the potential", that is, in making full use of the development and change of the trend, to realize the strategic goal of defeating, which can be seen from the other exposition of the potential article. To be able to "take the potential", we must first achieve "knowledge potential." The so-called "knowledge potential", there are two layers of inclusion, on the one hand is the development of the situation and the trend of change, to have advanced understanding of the eye and the ability to break, on the other hand, is the condition and strength of their own (mainly whether to have the ability to appoint and be able to assume the core competencies), to have a Can not "knowledge of the potential", it is difficult to "take the potential", therefore, "knowledge potential" is the precondition of "seeking potential". Because of this, the people of the world call the too knows how. However, a commander-in-chief, although he has a "knowledge of the potential" of the strategic vision, side also has the ability to assume the responsibility of the talent, he can not fully use, and eventually fall into the "lose" the disastrous situation

。 This is also in today's market competition, the business Operation Victory and defeat a key question. The Han Dynasty Zhuge Liang to the Street Pavilion strategic position of the sagacity and in seize the right and the place is better than Sima Yi, only because in the most important mistake use Ma su for will, caused the whole army rout, thanks to Zhuge Liang in advance to take some protection measures, only to avoid the whole Army's extinction. Thus, in the use and grasp of the situation, "Ren" (choice of people) is the key factor in determining the success or failure of the business. Because the choice of people not only embodies the essence of the people, people can create the situation of the ruling industry thought, at the same time also embodies the essence of the different levels of talent only when its value is fully respected, and in the most suitable for the full play of the position, can produce the maximum energy to create the principle of employment. The superior commander because of the talent is good because of the potential and use, the amount can be made, boldly appointed, let go of use, and thus able to rally, to ensure the implementation of strategic intentions, in order to win the potential, and firmly grasp the right to a decisive victory. There are many examples of such cases.

After the

Sun Liu combined broken Cao, Zhuge Liang knew Cao will nationalists Huarong road. It is of the most importance to send someone to take the road. Because Zhuge Liang from the overall situation to consider, if at this time to kill Cao, the situation will be more chaotic, become difficult to clean up, not conducive to the "three points of the world" Strategic approach to achieve, so set "catch and put" strategic intentions, but can not be stated. Guan Yu is the "loyalty" of the Jay, Zhuge Liang sent him to keep off, received the "double benefit" effect, if the change on Zhang Fei, will be bad things. Thus, good at choosing a person to be the best of the coup, can build up-to create a future global strategy to determine the situation. Ad 215, Sun Quanxi soldiers attack Cao Cao, he sent Zhang Liao, Lok Jin, Lidian adhere to Hefei and contend with it. Cao Shoujun only 7,000 people, and Wu there are 100,000 of the public, but Zhang Liao and so on the basis of Caocao "if Sun Quan, Zhang, Lee General to fight, le General guard the Army, do not have to war" instructions, then achieved the victory of the anti-siege, the secret lies in the devil is good at employing. According to the kingdoms: Zhang Liao, "armed with extraordinary force", Lidian "there is male gas", good at collaborating with people, "not with all will fight", while Le Jin although "short appearance", but have the courage, he and Zhang Liao, Lidian "The royal divisional, stroking the crowd, ordered no offense, when the enemy system, and there is lost Caocao according to their respective strengths delegated to the task, who should play, who should keep the city reasonable arrangements, so in the case of such a disparity in strength, Cao Hao not only can make Hefei impregnable, but also achieved anti-siege victory. The core idea embodied in the two war cases is Zhirenshanlin, which is to be duly appointed.

A person tends to have outstanding talents in one aspect, and is most suitable for a particular job, to raise his director, to use his ability, to become a talent, to suppress his director, and to use its short, to become mediocre. If a commander-in-chief has buried a person's most valuable advantage, is the destruction of talent, but also the destruction of the cause of the country and destroyed, is the biggest heartless, not Tao. Thus, he is good at insight, he is a big German only person; on the contrary, he is a wicked lack of people. In the actual employment of the leaders, can not be used, the choice of people in addition to their moral quality factors, often because of talent in the benefits of thinking there is a blind spot. Because of the greater the talent, the more prominent, the shortcomings of its revealed often more, the more obvious, the leader often see more noticeable shortcomings, listen to more, and even its shortcomings and advantages of the number of the addition and subtraction, with his shortcomings to play good points, the result is negative value of talent. As everyone knows, a person's greatest strengths in the number may only one, but the resulting value of the benefits can be greatly immeasurable. The Three Kingdoms when Liu Bei out for Guan Yu, Zhang Fei's death revenge, 700,000 army felling Wu, Wu's situation is precarious. Because of Sun Quan Lipaizhongyi, daring to employ a bosom great talent "scholar" Lu Xun, Fire Shu Army even battalion 700, make Wu pull through. During the American Civil War, Lincoln authorities used three or four generals, the standard is no major fault, the results were defeated by the southern generals. After accepting the lesson, he was determined to serve as commander-in-chief of Grant, an alcoholic offs, who had tried to dissuade him. Lincoln said: "If I know what he likes, I should send him a few barrels, let everyone share." "It turned out that it was the appointment of grant that made a fundamental transition to the civil War. The management family, Drucker, has a famous saying: "The strength of man is a real opportunity." "The leaders of the wise are all clear about their meaning: To use the advantages of people as an opportunity--good at identifying the strengths of people, choose people to be potential, you can lose no time to win the success of the cause." This is what the leaders of today need to learn from the way of employing.

Second, "Order the text, Qi to the martial"
"grandson of the march of the article," said: "So that the text, Qi to the martial, is called must take." So that the Motoyuki shall teach his people, and the people will not motoyuki to teach his people, and the people will not obey them. To the action, and to the crowd. The meaning of this sentence is to use the "text" means that the political moral education private soldier returns, with "Martial" method is to use military discipline to unify the pace, so that the army fight to be sure victory. Alter can earnestly carry out orders, education private soldier returns, private soldier returns will form the habit of obedience, alter not earnestly carry out orders, education private soldier returns, private soldier returns will form the habit of disobedience. Command alter can be seriously implemented, because generals and private soldier returns mutual trust. "Make it to the text, Qi to the Wu", embodies the Sun Ziwenwu Carrot, Dulwich and the army of the ideological and military principles. This idea and principle also applies to the management of enterprises, grandson of the "text", "WU" way, that is, today's enterprise "hard" and "flexible" management. Enterprise management is a process, it is the process that the manager exerts influence and control to the manager, and the management is an art. The essence of this process and art is people, the core is people. The management and coordination of people can not only be rigid (hard) management by means of system restraint, disciplinary supervision, until punishment and compulsion, but also can rely on the methods of inspiration, inspiration, inducement and encouragement, and rewards and punishments to carry out flexible (flexible) management. The key to scientific management lies in its accuracy and standardization, that is, change laissez-faire management for the standardized management, relying on the rules and regulations, law and order of the Organization and the management of the orderly. It emphasizes the organization and management of the strategy, system, structure and other hardware, which is hard management. Soft management is based on the staff's thought, the common value of the organization and culture, spiritual atmosphere of the humanization, personality management.

In his grandson's "sandwich" thought, there are the following points to be used for reference: one is to love, respect and care for people. This is the origin of his "sandwich" thought. He said in the topography: "If a child is a stroke, he may go to a deep brook, and he may die as a son." "This kind of benevolence and private soldier returns thought is a common reason for the success of the military in ancient times. In the spring and Autumn Period Wei Wuqi "and private soldier returns the most under the same food and clothing, lying not set seats, do not ride, pro-wrapped win grain, and private soldier returns labor." Stroke sickness anthrax, wuqi suck. "Today, the idea of benevolence and private soldier returns in business management has a new connotation of the times." For example, in order to strengthen the enterprise's unique cohesion and competitiveness, the Japanese business community attaches great importance to the creation of "human and", "people-expensive" corporate culture. One of the characteristics of Japanese business management is "family doctrine", when employees are employed in a business, like joining a family, business leaders are like parents, management director is the elder brother, all employees are important members of the big family of enterprises. In enterprise activities, like family members, the younger generation to follow the guidance of elders, elders should care and love the younger generation. Family members should love each other and help each other. Every family member should take good care of this family and actively participate in family activities. In Japanese enterprises, managers often can call the name of the factory workers, very familiar with the situation of each employee. Factory also often organized games, parties, cool-house, Ken, Picnic, forget the annual meeting, all employees or family members to participate, in order to staff the feelings, interests and the fate of the enterprise into one, the enterprise as their home. The second is good at motivating subordinates ' achievements and realizing their self-worth. Encouragement is the most important function of management, the performance of staff is not clear, the work is not good, the organization of unclear punishment, must be a good fool, non-clear, the pros and cons, in such an organization, will make the staff's sense of pride and mental power loss exhausted. Therefore, the timely and scientific recognition of advanced and incentive excellence is related to the creation of an organizational vitality environment. Grandson in the "war article" pointed out: "Take the enemy of the profit, the goods." So the car war, get the car 10 times above, reward its first. "That is, for the courage to seize the enemy materials and equipment to be rewarded, in the car war, where the enemy vehicles seized more than 10, reward the first to win the chariot." In the enterprise management, it is important for the active person to give the material reward, but it is more important to pay attention to spiritual encouragement. W. Manchester points out: "A man will not betray his life to you, but will dedicate his life to you for a colored ribbon." This shows the great effect that spiritual stimulation can receive in stimulating people's enthusiasm for work. Because of this, the managers of Japanese companies pay special attention to spiritual stimulation. A Japanese steel pipe factory A worker has invented a new welding method that reduces the welding time from 5 minutes to 3 minutes, and only this innovation can save 1 billion yen per year for enterprises. The worker was not given a large bonus, but the highest award, but this award made the worker feel more proud and satisfied than he received the bonus! This is because his self-worth has been fully respected.and implementation.

This reveals a profound truth: soft management in today's enterprise management has a strong incentive, the use of soft management is mainly to meet the high-level needs of employees, especially the self-realization needs and sense of accomplishment. With the development and progress of social economy, science and technology, management and modern civilization, as the main object of management, people have undergone the transformation from the classical theory of "economic man" to the "social man" of modern behavioral science theory and interpersonal theory, paying more attention to the psychological factors of society, being respected and The realization of self-worth and the group morale become the senior needs and pursuits of the employees, and also become the key factors that affect individual work enthusiasm and organizational efficiency. As a result, today only leaders who are good at innovating and implementing high-level incentives can be considered as superior. China's Haier Group in the strengthening of the establishment of the target system, Japan-Japan High-level system, standardization of hard management at the same time, innovation and encouragement, the implementation of Haier excellent workers, qualified staff and trial workers "three workers coexist, dynamic conversion" policy and qualified team, exempt team, independent class "Team upgrade System", and through the establishment of Haier award Haier Hope Award, staff rationalization proposal award and the name of the staff of small change, small leather and other forms, the spirit of encouragement to employees, so that each employee feel their own value exists, so that the enterprise formed a strong respect for science, motivated, energetic and enterprising cultural atmosphere, thus promoting the development of the Enterprise leap.

Today, our understanding of the essence of motivation is not simply to think of it as a general method of leadership and the art of leadership, but rather the fundamental institutional change in the rise and fall of the relationship organization, which determines the future and fate of the organization's cause. All through the ages, whether it is the generals of the command, or the leader of the modern enterprise, its importance is so. According to the "historical records" set out: Hanchu in the beginning of the conflict, Xiang Yu troops more than 400,000, 4 times times in Liu Bang, once the government has been out, command the world, Megatron, however, because he is not divided, the reward and punishment unknown, "in the work of the people do not remember, in the crime of people without forgetting, Victory and not its award, pull the city and not its seal", "although there are strange people can not So accesses tile, Han Xin and other subordinates have chosen good wood and habitat, choose the good Lord and things, have left him. As Xiang Yu is not familiar with the way of encouragement, the reward and punishment is unclear, will not be employed, making this "force Ba Shan Xi Qi," The Overlord, eventually unavoidably played a scene "Don't Ji" tragedy. The lesson he left us was profound. Encouragement, in today's leadership art flashing the extraordinary splendor of the times, contains deep scientific ideas, only good at learning and good at pioneering and innovative business leaders, entrepreneurs can inject immortal vitality for the enterprise, to create a true own success path.

Thirdly, strengthen education and unity. The soft management emphasizes the cultivation and shaping of the common values of the organization, which can create the advanced thought and positive attitude by constructing the suitable good organization climate, which needs to strengthen the ideological education. Grandson said, "The soldiers are strong?" "Teach the Commandments first", "the judges do not first teach, do not." The thought of "grandson" to teach the precepts first "is also of great strategic significance in today's enterprise management, and the enterprise leaders at home and abroad have the strategic vision to put the staff education, especially the political ideological education in the enterprise development first, the aim is to cultivate a highly qualified and competitive staff." In this regard, the concept of educating Japanese entrepreneurs is ahead.

"It is not enough to sow the seeds without breeding," said Shihi Keiichiro, Minister of the Japan Electrical Society and Machinery Department. If we want to grow strong, we must put in spiritual food. " Ikida, founder of Honda Technology, the largest motorcycle factory in Japan, said in particular: "Ideas dominate the world more than money, and good ideas can generate money." The motto of the modern man should be: Thought is more powerful than money. "The Press Digest of October 1, 1991, titled" Panasonic's Help a year ago and I joint venture conditions-Japan's "technical know-how" and the CCP's leadership know-how ", published the Chinese Enterprise Management Association president Zhong's article said:" The old man took out his one account: ' I want to engage in a joint venture with China, the day

What is the condition, what is the condition of your China, very important, I Japan to take the technical know-how to the factory as an investment, there is a very important, the Chinese leadership of the know-how and my technical know-how, as China's investment. "The Secret of the CCP leadership is to refer to the political and ideological work of the party," said Panasonic. As the president of capitalist enterprise, it is very valuable to be able to attach great importance to the political ideological education of our party and to have this profound and unique insight. Today, Japanese companies can dominate the world, which is closely related to their emphasis on staff education. This has formed a unique deep-rooted concept of vocational education in Japanese enterprises: Japanese enterprises to the new hire of employees are to carry out "into the community", the main talk about the company's business history, the staff must have the spirit of struggle and adhere to the creed. Teach singing "Social song", recite "social training" and "Creed". After the new workers into the society, the company will also through a variety of daily activities, continuously to the workers to instill "group awareness" and "attribution consciousness", the formation of the group spirit among all staff. such as Panasonic's help for the Matsushita Electric Company carefully cultivated 7 kinds of "Panasonic spirit" (Industry, the spirit of the nation, Aboveboard spirit, and the spirit of harmony, strive for upward spirit, courtesy humility spirit, conform to the spirit of assimilation, thanks to the spirit of gratitude) in today more development, she has become a professional code of Panasonic staff, Become a guide to guiding the development of the company.

Today, staff education has become a major strategy for the development of domestic and foreign enterprises, if the modern entrepreneur should become a zhirenshanlin of talent, then, he should first become good at teaching people, more know how to create talent educator. This is not only the call of the Times, but also the urgent need of market competition today, which is more advanced science and art.

The way of "Wen" and "WU", which is said by grandson, is the soft management and hard management of enterprise administration, which are different from each other and permeate each other, and mutually influence each other. Hard management is the basis of soft management, and the implementation of soft management often has a decisive influence. Without the support of hard management, soft management is difficult to receive the desired results. Soft management is the hard management of "guide", "lubricating oil" and "catalyst", can play a huge role in hard management irreplaceable. Only achieve the combination of the two-man-mo combination, soft and hard combination, to win the best results. "Grandson of the terrain" points out that "thick and can not make, love and can not make, chaos and can not be cured, pedagogical gardening, not use also." This is to say, if the private soldier returns is too thick to use, blindly spoil and can not order, violating the discipline can not be seriously dealt with, such an army, like "proud", is not used to combat. At this time, generals and commanders must be clear of the law trial order, with discipline to unify and manage the force, so that private soldier returns "can make", "can make", "Can Cure", "usable".

Enterprise is to carry out modern production and operation of the place, contains a very complex management system, including planning systems, production systems, technical systems, quality control systems, marketing systems, accounting systems, and so on, many employees in the enterprise, belong to each system, each has a different responsibility range. To make the whole system like a machine, along the unified goal of efficient, fast, orderly and coordinated operation, we must establish a sound scientific and rigorous organization, management institutions, unified discipline, complete rules and regulations, strict rules of management. At the same time must have a staff based on the psychological, understanding of the Organization's common values, psychological culture and spiritual atmosphere, so that the creative potential of workers to get the fullest play, ideological pace towards the same goal. Modern enterprise management has entered the era of organic combination of hard management and soft management, effectively realizing the combination of the two, is the source of high-efficiency management work, but also the source of enterprise vitality, this is the need of our business leaders, entrepreneurs seriously study, explore and study a significant practical significance of the subject.

Third, "Up and down with the desire to win"
"grandson of the attack" in the sermon: Five, one of which is "up and down with the desire to win." That is to say, the officers and men concentric, up and down together, can seize the victory of the war. This is the most fundamental condition for the analysis that the grandson proposed to determine the outcome of the war. So, how do you make up and down with desire? Grandson in the "Count article" pointed out: "The Tao, so that the people and the consent also, so can die with it, can be born, and not afraid of danger." "That is to say, a king of the proper way can make the people consistent with his will, so that the people in the war, can be for the monarch to fight and fear danger." Here, the grandson of the "Tao" is to make up and down with the most fundamental, the most important factor. Grandson preached in the same article: "By the five things-refers to the Tao, the day (natural time and social opportunity), the land (geographical situation and the interests of transportation), will (choose Generals), the law (the Military organization system, the establishment and the country's legal system) five aspects analysis the possibility of the war victory, that is, the" Tao " Thus, the "Tao" in the governance, governance, military and governance of the important, also shows that as the commander and leader of the importance of "Tao" meaning.

What does his grandson mean by "Tao"? It refers to politics. In particular, he stressed that "people and the consent", that is, the national implementation of popular, shun the public opinion of the politics-policies, decrees, the rule of law and so on. In the modern management of the "Tao", has a wide range of connotation, but in fundamental terms, refers to the business development of business ideas, business philosophy and business strategy. In these fundamental factors, the management idea is the fundamental guiding ideology and the basic program which runs through all business activities of the enterprise, and consists of a series of new business ideas which guide the development of the enterprise. The management strategy is based on the realistic condition of the enterprise, and fully develops the concrete way and strategic management decision of the business goal determined by all the possibilities of the enterprise development. Management strategy focuses on the long-term direction of enterprise development. Therefore, the business idea, management idea and business strategy of an enterprise have global, directional and decisive effect on the development of Enterprise, which is related to the future and destiny of the organization cause. If an enterprise in the operation of thought, business theory has been wrong, even if there is a scientific management method, and then a strong technical strength, it will be difficult to succeed, it is inevitable that enterprises into a losing. Thus, business leaders can be good at formulating the right business ideas, operating principles, business philosophy and business strategy, is the greatest concern and embodies the fundamental interests of employees, he can mobilize from the basic aspects of the initiative by the managers, to win the support and trust of employees, so that "people with the consent", "up and down with the desire." It is precisely because of this, the foreign senior managers are the main energy and wisdom for plotting to formulate business ideas, business philosophy and business strategy, and always put strategic decision-making in the first place in the business, in order to ensure that enterprises continue to flourish and developed, in order to revitalize all employees loyal to their own, and enterprises Gandanxiangzhao, A commitment to solidarity and entrepreneurial zeal. This is the essence of our business leaders learning to learn from the grandson of the people and the consent of the top and bottom with the desire to win the essential idea.

The art and methods of enterprise leadership in Sun Tzu's War of War