The Find,vim of Linux commands

• Findis the most common and powerful find command, you can use it to find any file you want to find.
  Find uses the following format:
  Find < Specify directory > < specify conditions > < specify Actions >
  -< specified directory;: the directory to be searched and all its subdirectories. The current directory is assumed by default.
  -< specified conditions;: The characteristics of the file to be searched.
  -< specify actions;: Specific processing of search results.
  [[email protected]/]# find. -name ' bin* ' finds all files in the current directory that begin with bin
  ./etc/binfmt.d
  ./etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/modules/bind.pp
  [[email protected]/]# find. -name ' bin* '-ls find all files in the current directory that begin with bin and list file information
  You can also specify multiple start directories in the search string. If you are running as a user with the appropriate permissions, the following command finds all jar files down to the/usr,/home/tmp directory:
  Find/usr/home/tmp-name "*.jar"
  [[email protected]/]# find. -type D-type Develop the type of file to search for
  Other file types that find can be found include:
  B-Block (cache) Special
  C-character (not cached) special
  P-Named pipes (FIFO)
  S-Socket
  
  Find time
  The Find command has several options for searching files based on your system's timestamp. These timestamps include
  mtime-file content Last modified
  The time that the atime-file was read or accessed
  ctime-File Status Change time
  The meaning of Mtime and atime is easy to understand, and ctime needs more explanations. Because the inode maintains the metadata on each file, the Inode data also changes if the file-related metadata changes. This can be caused by a series of actions, including creating symbolic links to files, changing file permissions, or moving files. Because in these cases, the contents of the file are not read or modified, so mtime and atime do not change, but CTime will change.
  These time options need to be used in conjunction with a value of n, specified as-n, N, or +n.
  -N return item less than n
  +n return item greater than n
  N returns an item exactly equal to n
  
  [[email protected]/]# find/etc-mtime-1//View files modified in/etc directory within one hours
  /etc
  /etc/resolv.conf
  /etc/tuned/active_profile
  /etc/sysconfig
  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts
  Find files by size
  The-size option finds files that meet the specified size criteria.
  [[email protected]/]# find/etc-size-1k//view files in/etc directory size less than 1k
  /etc/crypttab
  /etc/motd
  /etc/cron.deny
  /etc/.pwd.lock
  /etc/environment
  /etc/sysconfig/run-parts
  /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/semanage.read.lock
  /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/active/netfilter_contexts
  /etc/selinux/targeted/modules/semanage.trans.lock
  /etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/files/file_contexts.local
  /etc/selinux/targeted/contexts/files/file_contexts.subs
  /etc/security/opasswd
  /etc/exports
  [[email protected]/]# find/etc-empty//-empty empty file
  /etc/terminfo
  /etc/systemd/user
  /etc/gnupg
  /etc/crypttab
  /etc/opt
  /etc/motd
  /etc/gcrypt
  /etc/ppp/peers
  /etc/chkconfig.d
  /etc/rwtab.d
  /etc/groff/site-font
  /etc/firewalld/services
  /etc/firewalld/icmptypes
  
  Find by permissions and owners
  Find. -type f-perm a=rwx-exec ls-l {} \;
  [Email protected]/]# find/etc-perm 777-exec ls-l {} \; -perm View by permissions
  lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 03:07/etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/[email protected]-/usr/lib/systemd/system/[ Email protected]
  lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 03:08/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.firewalld1.service/usr/lib/systemd/system /firewalld.service
  lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 03:08/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.networkmanager.service/usr/lib/systemd/ System/networkmanager.service
  
  [Email protected]/]# find/etc/-perm u=rwx-exec ls-l {} \; View files based on owner's permissions
  -RWX------. 1 root root 2013/etc/cron.daily/logrotate
  Total 0
  Total 0
  Total 68
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 8702 Mar 16:27 00_header
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 992 Oct 00_tuned
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10114 Mar 16:27 10_linux
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10275 Mar 16:27 20_linux_xen
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 2559 Mar 16:27 20_ppc_terminfo
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 11169 Mar 16:27 30_os-prober
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 214 Mar 16:27 40_custom
  -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 216 Mar 16:27 41_custom
  -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 483 Mar 16:27 README
  [Email protected]/]# find/etc/-perm u=rwx-exec ls-l {} \; 2>/dev/null//Add error redirection
  
  Control find
  Unlike many commands in Linux, find does not need the-R or-r option to go down to subdirectories. This is done by default. However, there are times when you might want to limit this behavior. As a result, options-depth,-maxdepth, and-mindepth, as well as operational-prune, are handy.
  The-maxdepth and-mindepth options allow you to specify which level of the directory tree you want the find search to drill down to. You can see the effect of-maxdepth by running the following command to find the log file in the top three levels of the directory tree. Using this option is much less than the output generated by not using this option.
  [[email protected]/]# Find/-maxdepth 3-name ' *.log '
  /tmp/yum.log
  /var/log/boot.log
  /var/log/yum.log

  
  

• Vim -->vi improved

  vim [options] [file] ...
  Mode switching
  Default to edit mode
  Edit mode--Input mode
  I: Where the cursor is currently located
  I: At the beginning of the line where the cursor is currently
  A: The character behind the cursor
  A: At the end of the line where the current cursor is located
  O: New at the bottom of your current row
  O: New at the top of the current row
  Last-line mode:
  : q! Force exit
  : Wq Save Exit
  : X Save exit
  : wq! Force Save exit
  : ZZ Save Exit
  Edit mode: CC Deletes the line of the cursor and enters insert mode
  C Delete the character after the cursor
  Visualization mode
  V: Select content on the left side of the line where the cursor is located
  V: The entire row of the cursor is selected
  Flip Screen command for edit mode
  CTRL+F: Flip a screen to the end of the file
  CTRL+B: Flip a screen to the file header
  Text Lookup
  /word
  ? word
  
  Address delimitation Startline, EndLine #: Nth row.: Current line $: Last line%: Full text
  Relative delimitation: +#: N rows down from the specified position-#: up n rows from the specified position
  Text substitution operations
  s/to find content/content/modifiers to replace
  /: separators such as #,@
  G: Global Substitution
  I: Case insensitive
  What to look for: You can use regular expressions
  What to replace: You cannot use regular expressions
  Interface Display Features
  Syntax highlighting open and close:
  : Syntax on/off
  Search for highlighted turns on and off:
  : Set Hlsearch
  : Set Nohlsearch
  Auto Indent
  : Set Autoindent
  : Set Noautoindent
  Vim Global configuration file/ETC/VIMRC
  

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The Find,vim of Linux commands