The invention of Yijing and binary
With the rapid development of electronic technology, computer has become an indispensable tool for all walks of life. At the same time, due to the gradual popularization of basic computer knowledge, the relationship between binary and computer has become the common sense of ordinary people and even primary school students. However, many people may not quite understand the relationship between the classical wisdom Yijing, which our ancestor left behind for thousands of years, and computers. In addition, due to the development and achievements of electronic technology in recent decades, some Western scholars have come to an increasingly unacceptable conclusion about the early binary ideology in ancient China. To this end, it is necessary to discuss the relationship between Yijing and binary invention. 1. Binary is the mathematical language of a computer. The human brain uses language to think. A computer must have its own language to operate. The so-called Program Design relies on this specialized language. A computer uses binary for calculation. It uses binary notation as its own mathematical language, rather than the decimal language that people are familiar. Why is the most natural notation for connecting to a computer binary? This should begin with the working principle of the computer. The operation of a computer depends on the current. For a circuit node, the current passes through only two States: power-on and power-off. Hard Disks and floppy disks are commonly used for computer information storage. Each record point on the disk has only two States: magnetization and unmagnetization. In recent years, the practice of recording information with a CD has become more and more common. The physical states of each information point on the CD are concave and convex, which play the role of concentration and astigmatism respectively. It can be seen that the various media used by the computer can all be in two states. to record a single digit in the decimal place, there must be at least four record points (sixteen information States allowed ), however, at this time, six other information states are idle, which will inevitably result in a great waste of resources and funds. Therefore, the decimal place system is not suitable for computer work. Since each medium has two states, the most natural carry system is of course binary. The binary system requires two basic symbols, namely, 0 and 1. You can use 1 to indicate power-on, 0 to indicate power-off, or 1 to indicate magnetization, 0 to indicate unmagnetization, or 1 to indicate concave points, and 0 to indicate convex points. In short, a binary digit exactly corresponds to an information record point in the computer media. A digit in binary format is called a bit, and eight bits are called a byte ), so far, we can create another world that is far from the real world. II. the binary principle expressed in Yijing said: daosheng 1, second, second, third, and third, and all are overcast and Yang, pushing for harmony. This passage refers to the basic idea and process of using Yin and Yang to create everything in Yijing. The application of modern computers is the yin and yang principle of the universe's creation of all things. Specifically, the generation of gossip in Yijing exactly expresses the above binary principle. It is a comparison between the gossip generation process and the binary process: the gossip generation in Yijing is so consistent with the binary principle. This principle and process are the same as the principle and process of the binary tree in the data structure. In computer application technology, "binary tree" is one of the basic abstract data types and is also the basis for other important data structures and algorithm design. For example, it is widely used in data retrieval and other fields. In addition, the concepts of "image", "bit", "number", and "category" in Yijing are also interconnected with similar concepts in computer science. III. The rapuz invention inspired by the Yijing, the "Sutra" in the binary "Yijing" is composed of 64 "hexagrams, it is also made up of two types of symbols called "tags. "-" Is called "Yin Yi" and "--" is called "Yang Yi". These two operators are collectively referred to as "two instruments ". If you take two objects at a time, you will get four sorts, called the "Four elephants". If you take three objects at a time, you will get eight sorts, called the "Gossip". If you take six objects at a time, then we will get a 64-bit arrangement called "64 hexagrams ". Now we regard Yang Yi as a digital 1, Yin Yi as a digital 0, so we can convert various hexagrams into binary numbers. For example, Kun hexagrams composed of six Yin and Yin can be considered as: 000000 (equivalent to 0 in decimal ), the hexagrams composed of six Yang Dynasty can be regarded as 111111 (equivalent to 63 in decimal format ). From the historical Western literature, we can know that the Yijing diagram of China has been widely used in Europe since the S and S. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz (Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz) is a famous German mathematician and philosopher. He is very interested in the addition machine, the world's first mechanical digital computer designed by French Pascal, so we started to study computers. 1666 ~ During his studies in Nuremberg in 1667, laveniz began to contact the Yijing diagram in Classical Chinese philosophy, for example, Wei Kuang's Fuxi sixty-14 in "Ancient Chinese History", BAI Ying's sixty-fourteen hexagrams. In particular, what he sees is gottlied spizel ), the book de re litteraria sinensium commentarius, edited and published in 1660 (translated in Chinese into the evaluation of Chinese literature, Chinese literature, and religion in China, this is a detailed introduction. Later, in the past-years, leveniz began to think about binary between 0 and 1. In March 15, 1679, he wrote a paper titled binary arithmetic, which fully discussed binary and established binary representation and computation. In February 1701, leveniz submitted his binary paper to the French Emy of sciences, but asked not to publish it for the moment. In 1703, he sent the modified paper to the French Emy of Sciences again and asked to publish it publicly. This is the first Western article on the binary system. It was published by leveniz in the royal Emy of Sciences record titled Binary Arithmetic commentary, with the subtitle "it only uses 0 and 1, it also discusses its purpose and the significance of the ancient Chinese numbers used by Fuxi ". Since then, binary data has been made public. In 1716, he published another article on the philosophy of China, specifically discussing gossip and binary, pointing out that binary and gossip have a common relationship. 4. arguing that the denial of the binary invention stems from the view of the Book of Changes from the perspective of modern western academia, the self-recognition of the binary number system is accompanied by the Book of Changes. After the binary system was published in laveniz, The Book of Changes and the binary system were a feature of oriental culture and attracted wide attention from western scholars. They have obtained many useful results in studying the profound Yijing diagram. Until the S and S, almost no one had doubts or questions about the invention of the binary system in ancient China. However, due to the rapid development and achievements of Electronic Technology Applications in recent decades, some Western scholars have become increasingly unacceptable, some scholars in China are also influenced by European central commentators to support this "denial View ". Their main arguments are as follows: 1. Why is the world's universally recognized binary invention a German leveniz, not a Chinese? Second, laveniz is in the invention of binary, only to see Fuxi sixty fourteen hexagrams sequence diagram and Fuxi sixty fourteen hexagrams azimuth diagram. Third, What Happened unconsciously and coincidentally in the gossip of Yijing was consciously discovered by laveniz. I have learned a little, but after comparing the arguments of both parties, I also tend to support the "square" viewpoint. The reasons are as follows: first of all, in a strict sense, leveniz's contribution to binary is not an invention, but a deduction and dissemination. From the historical Western literature, we can know that China's "skymap" (octal chart) has been widely used in Europe since the binary "invention" of rapuz. Binary is the form of "Two to one" represented by any two different symbols, leveniz is only the first person to publicly use 0 and 1 to represent the existing binary data and spread it through the paper. Therefore, in fact, laveniz is not the earliest discoverer of such a notebook. Even if we do not mention the ancient wisdom of the East, which has already been recognized by people in the past, we can see from the history of Western science and technology. For example, at the beginning of the 17th century, British mathematician Harry Potter mentioned it in his unpublished manuscript. In 1670, cavali repeat this discovery. Leveniz probably hasn't seen these previous discussions or misunderstood the concept of "invention", so he has always regarded the re-discovery of binary as his own originality. However, binary has attracted people's attention since it was strongly promoted and elaborated by laveniz. Therefore, it is no improper to associate binary with laveniz as a habit. Secondly, from the historical facts, laveniz has come into contact with the Yijing diagram before publishing a binary paper. In this regard, Hu Yang and Li changduo, two scholars from the International Institute of Science and Technology (Belgium), studied the existing Chinese and Western exchanges in Europe in the 17th century, detailed evidence has been provided in the co-authored articles, such as "Have you ever seen skymap before the invention of binary. In addition, in the year of his death, leveniz, in 1716, explained the process of establishing binary values of 0 and 1 in the "letter to Mr. zhunraymond-on the natural god of China. He wrote in the last part of the letter: "I think it is a very suitable opportunity to explain here, because the problem is to prove the value of Ancient Chinese doctrine and that ancient Chinese people are far better than modern people. Before that, I would like to talk about the late Mr. Andre Maitreya, who was a member of the glenson community, a judge in Berlin, and a European who had never been in Europe, but had the deepest accomplishments in Chinese characters. He published a book by abdura bahavus on China and commented on it. The Arabic author mentioned in the book that Fuxi found "peculiare scribendi genus, arithmetict, contratus et rationaria", a special writing method in arithmetic, reduction, and counting, as he said arithmetic, he affirmed my interpretation of the symbols of the ancient philosophical emperor. That is, I think these symbols are numerals ....... Mr. Wei Ge writes all the numbers in the four-digit system, namely, 0, 1, 2, and 3 ....... This gives me the opportunity to propose that all numbers can be written in binary or double series 0 and 1. "Here, laveniz clearly states that his" 0 and 1 binary "first comes from Fuxi gossip. The Fuxi Babu diagram itself is binary and consists of any two symbols. Wei Ge's 0, 1, 2, and 3 systems provide a Representation symbol for leveniz to translate Fuxi Babu, that is, "0" and "1 ". Thirdly, from the probability analysis, the binary principle of the Yijing graph can only be intentionally rather than arranged by chance. Professor ke zineng of the University of Science and Technology of China has a wonderful discussion in his article "Preliminary Study on the mathematical basics of xiantian Yi": "In reality, there are three orders, all of which comply with the binary method. The probability of every accidental discharge is about 2/64 !, That is, it is about 1/1089, which is far lower than the probability requirement of impossible events. If the event is "happened" rather than "Intentionally", the three events are sorted as independent events, and the probability is about 1/10267. Of course, it is absolutely impossible. The following is a description to help you understand this probability in an image. According to the Joint Requirements of relativity and quantum mechanics, the total number of basic particles with static mass in the universe is limited to 1080, and the universe has about 15 billion (1.5 × 1010) since its birth) the year (now the correct data is about 13.6 billion years), the year is about 30 million (3 × 107) seconds, and the life of a hundred years is about 3 × 109 seconds, the "life" of the universe is about 5x1017 seconds. It can be seen that some words are lightweight and not that simple. Assume that the whole universe has been conducting unconscious sorting activities in all the time periods from its birth to its death, nor can it provide a probability guarantee that happens. Therefore, the intrinsic chart can only be intentionally arranged, rather than just arranged ." Finally, step 4 said that even if God intentionally arranged such an unprecedented coincidence miracle, we can look at this problem from another angle, it is to regard Yijing as an open classical text. future generations can understand and explain it in line with the internal logic. In this interpretation standpoint, we do not have to deny the rationality of leveniz's interpretation of the Yijing diagram in binary format, nor do we have to oppose the statement containing the binary principle in Yijing.
