Think straight series of reading notes "Dark Time"

A week a reading notes, this is the 0th article, why count from zero, you understand ~ sophomore read the "Dark Time", this book brought me into the door of psychology, let me start to focus on thinking, focus, efficiency, cognition, memory and other things. Two years later, the book was re-read, and there was still much to be gained. This book is extremely dense, because it is not written for a topic, but learning, cognitive psychology, thinking of the three major themes are involved, in addition to the second part of some of the chapters in a little more than a few examples, the book almost no nonsense. I still have the third part--"with Siberia learn to solve the problem" is not reread, intends to read the next week Siberia's classic "How to Solve it" instead, this is the next theme. First of all, why should everyone learn some psychology? Compared to ancient times, the environment of human existence is more and more complex, the thinking cost of making decisions is more and more high, so the human mind has evolved various shortcuts (priori assumptions), each shortcut is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, the complexity of our cognition is reduced, and the short cuts often lead to falsehood. The brain is our main tool, but this tool has a variety of weaknesses and pitfalls, so in order to use this tool more effectively, more clearly think, we need to use psychology, especially cognitive psychology to help us understand ourselves more clearly. How to learn more effectively? Memory: In the memory of the time will be more clues to encode memory than a simple clue memory, the probability of being recalled is greater. So we're going to hear such advocates: retell it in your own words and understand more deeply。 This is because repeating in your own words often triggers other knowledge bases in your knowledge system to encode more memory extraction clues. As I write this way to read notes, in my own words to explain the author's views, but also deepened my understanding of the contents of the book. Measuring the cost of learning a certain knowledge, do not use "investment time" to measure, the actual investment is the product of time and efficiency. Where does efficiency come from? First, the current learning knowledge or a skill set to the highest priority, even in addition to learning work, eating and walking when also thinking, so that the "CPU" as full as possible. Second is to read not only by the memory, only to gain insight into a thing by deep reasoning, to see where others cannot see, this part of the reasoning process is thinking time, that is, "dark time" how to apply it?

1. Every once in a while to get back to what you learned. For me, I have learned things in a timely manner to take notes, and then every day on the mobile device to read the review, and the question in time to record.
2. Often discuss with others, in-person chat is the best, if there is no conditions, the discussion on the Internet (such as knowledge, shell, watercress and other communities) is also good.
3. Organize your notes. I asked myself to clean up once a week for notes, less valuable notes to delete, similar notes merged, organized and also further thought and summed up the knowledge of the week.
4. Blogging is really a good habit of no harm! I set the standard for my blog is that the Internet can be found on the things that are not written, only write through their own summary of the refined things. Writing a blog can form a rigorous habit, but also exercise the ability to express in writing. But the bigger advantage is that they will receive feedback from the readers, encouraging responses that will make them more motivated, and suggesting that they will recognize deficiencies and then change them.

Learning density and concentration: First, why focus? Because the loss of the switching task is relatively large, like the system, if frequent switching between tasks consumes a lot of time, in contrast, only one task, there is very little loss. Why does focus have such a big impact on efficiency? The first is to focus on one thing to make the surface consciousness full power work, this is the efficiency of the display. 2nd, but also more important, It also allows your subconscious mind to enter a state of concentration on this matter, so that even if the surface consciousness is not thinking about it for a variety of reasons, the subconscious level still retains its "inertia", although the consciousness of the surface is occupied by other things, but the subconscious will use the time virtually, this is not greatly improve the efficiency? I am currently taking this approach to cultivate the ability to concentrate: ① tomato working method, the tool is very simple, is the phone alarm. One hours for a tomato time, this time do not do other chores, such as not to answer unimportant phone calls, do not reply to unimportant SMS/, not QQ, mobile phone mute and other measures to reduce the chance of interruption. ② with the calendar of the todolist+ mobile phone to arrange the daily itinerary, what time to do what the software will remind me, if the brain write down, the brain will occasionally pop out a message to remind me what to do, whether there is anything left to do, it will interfere with the things I am doing, Be assured that the software to remind, there will not be such a problem. ③ to reduce the source of information input before work, such as early in the morning to view space, Weibo, and other social networks will be in the brain to pre-save certain events (hidden processes), if it is closely related to their own, may be more vulnerable to interruptions at work. If you can't help brushing it, it's best to put the brush on the time after lunch and after dinner. I'm not doing well, I'm trying to correct it. There is a more absolute solution to this problem, is to write a script that you can not access the site for a certain period of time to distract you, if there is such a software or script, you are welcome to leave a message, I enclose your name to thank you. Good learning habits:

2. Encounter problems that you don't understand, Google and wikis.
4. Picky reading, read only classics, read before reading the Amazon or watercress comments.
6. Do reading notes, one is to excerpt the classic sentence, and the second is to retell it with their own words, forcing themselves to think. Remember, how much you get doesn't depend on how much you read, but how much you think and how deep you are.
8. Read more about thinking books because he is interdisciplinary and helps us to think.
10. To learn any knowledge, you must ask yourself three questions. ① What is the nature of it? ② what is its first principle? ③ the structure of its knowledge.
12. A few questions to ask yourself in the process of learning and thinking: ① imagined that he was speaking to others; ② when confronted with an inability to understand or solve problems, the most need to review the original thinking process, it is best to use pen paper to draw a sketch of mind, and then analyze the possible problems of the place;
14. Important things to create a relatively large time block to complete, such as reading a good book, especially the thinking density of the books, remember to cut too trivial to read. But the mind density relatively small good book, for example Li Huilai Teacher's "time as a friend", also can cut into small pieces of time to read, but also not easy too small, personally think at least 15 minutes.
16. Also good at using small pieces of time, such as waiting, ride time. I usually use to recite words or read pocket articles;
18. Raise your head from time to time, look at what you're doing, and ask what it's worth, whether it's what you really need . What the hell are you learning? Do they matter? Do you need to learn it at this time? Your time is your resource, so deciding what knowledge to Master is a very important question.
20. Distinguish good data from bad data. Good data from the problem, focus on the concept behind the method, focus on the visual interpretation, rather than the technical details of the method.
22. Before learning a thing, first in the brain to accumulate a full "sense of doubt", before browsing the solution, the first hard to ask oneself can think of what method, so that although learning a thing time will increase, but exercise the problem-solving thinking ability. If time is not particularly urgent, try to think of the solution yourself first.
24. Selective reading, such as meaningless places to jump or skim (more ways to read a book on the individual feel that the book is a lot of nonsense, too much trouble in the direct reading of the summary listed in the comments). in general, when reading this content: What is the ① problem? What is the ② scheme? What is the ③ example? In this way, you can eliminate a lot of redundant content while reading (some authors often add a lot of redundant explanations and examples to show their own knowledge).

Why should you do it yourself when you encounter problems? When faced with a difficult problem, how to solve it? Maybe we want to outsource the problem to others, to the forum to consult a master and so on, to bypass the problem. This is the least time to solve the problem, it seems to be the best solution, but we calculate the benefits of the time only to consider whether to solve the problem at hand? What if there are other benefits in the process of solving the problem? The reason we promote ourselves to solve the problem is because we may find more valuable things in the process of solving problems, and each problem is not isolated, we can solve similar problems in the future quickly. If you ask someone every time, it means that you always have to rely on someone else's mind to get the answer. The difficult road is easier, the easier the road, the more difficult to go. How to build your core competencies and irreplaceable? Core competence and non-substitution are the combination of individuality, background, knowledge and experience, not just one or two aspects. This includes: ① specialized field skills, ② cross-domain skills, such as problem solving, communication skills, etc. ③ learning ability, quick learning of new knowledge, ④ character elements such as focus, perseverance, humility, self-confidence and so on; the importance of knowledge structure (very enlightening part) knowledge is divided into essential knowledge and non-essential knowledge. Essential knowledge is invariant and may be "meta-knowledge". essential knowledge is needed to be mastered first, but not essential knowledge can be encountered when the time to check. For programmers, understand the hardware knowledge system, some important implementation mechanism of the operating system, the application of a language and the non-applicable scene, the main programming paradigms supported, the main language features, defects and traps are essential knowledge. In addition, no matter which profession, English ability and analytical problem-solving mode of thinking is also essential knowledge. The list here is not complete, The key is to learn the new knowledge with a third eye sharp judgment whether this knowledge is a variable or variable, only need to master in advance, or use the time and then turn the manual to read the study. The problem of psychological pitfalls in daily life: we are too likely to have an impossible prejudice to the perception of things due to limitations of knowledge. Solution: Sometimes the only way to break this prejudice is to broaden your horizons, accumulate more knowledge, and discuss with people with different backgrounds to compensate for deviations from the limitations of your personal knowledge. (and that's what I'm missing) question: As long as our emotional brain first identified one thing, our poor rational mind would easily succumb to the orders of the emotional brain-explaining things to their own direction. As long as one thing has an explanation for its own good, our brains will not hesitate and deceiving to think that is the only explanation. As long as an explanation is good for us, we do not go into it and refute it, and it seems impossible to see what is so flawed, and as long as an explanation is possible, we think it is certain. When people pay a lot of money, social connections, and much more, they have an increasingly powerful influence on their thinking (the "sunk costs" in economics), and our minds are forced to make reasonable explanations of their actions. Solution: Always rational thinking, reflect on their own judgment, can change the position to see the problem, then this habit of thinking will become more and more powerful. Question: Beware of self-interest attribution, which boils down to the fact that something happens when it comes to self-interest. With plain English said is can not give oneself embarrassed, can't let oneself not to get down to the station. Take credit for yourself, responsibility to others. There is also a manifestation of "self-interest", called "attention equal to the fact", in which each of us has a filtering effect on what we see around us, filtering out everything that is seen and distorting them so that they conform to our subjective consciousness. Solution: Just don't give yourself a reason to admit your shortcomings.

Think straight series of reading notes "Dark Time"