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Writing high-quality code: 151 suggestions for improving Java programs (Chapter 1: generics and reflection ___ suggestion 93 ~ 97), java151
Generics can reduce the forced type conversion, regulate the element types of the Set, and improve the Code security and readability. Because of these advantages, since Java introd
complicated, first we look at the above example using generic notation.1 public class Generictest {2 3 public static void Main (string[] args) {4/ * 5 List list = new ArrayList (); 6 List.add ("Qqyumidi"), 7 list.add ("corn"), 8 List.add (+), 9 */10 one listAfter using the generic notation, a compilation error occurs when you want to add an object of type integer at//1, by ListIn conjunction with the generic definition above, we know
1. OverviewBefore generics were introduced, Java types were divided into primitive types, complex types, where complex types were divided into arrays and classes. After introducing the paradigm, a complex typeIt can be broken down into more types.For example, the original type List, which is now subdivided into listNote that now ListThere is no inheritance between them, even if string inherits object. The f
removes the element when the last next method returns. Therefore, when you call the Remove method, you must first call the next method.3. Practical methods for generics (example)public static {for (E element:c)if (element.equal (obj))return true;return false;}Many of the collection interface declarations are similar to the generic methods described aboveAbstract classes that are easier to
Java generics ( generics ) is a new feature introduced in JDK 5 that allows for the use of type parameters (types parameter) when defining classes and interfaces. The declared type parameter is replaced with a specific type when used. The most important application of generics is in the new collection class framework i
instruction converts the result of the previous sentence invokevirtual to a string type--dictwrapper.get returns the most common object.
This is the generic implementation of the Java language--note that I'm talking about the Java language here, not the JVM. Because the JVM itself does not have the concept of "generics," the
primitive types in generics. The 2nd difference between them is that you can pass any type with a parameter to the original type List, but you cannot pass list144, write a generic program to implement the LRU cache?This is the equivalent of an exercise for people who like Java programming. To give you a hint, linkedhashmap can be used to
require a type conversion. Without generics, the code above needs to be written like this:
List box = ...;
Apple Apple = (apple) box.get ( 0);
Obviously, the main benefit of generics is that the compiler retains the type information for the parameter, performs type checking, and performs type conversion operations: The compiler guarantees the absolute correctness of these types of conver
When does java-13.7 use generics?
In this section, we will discuss when to use generics?
Answer: When you want code to work across multiple types (different types do not include inheritance relationships.
1. When there is no exact type
The following is the error code:
package com.ray.ch13;public class Test
{private T obj;public Test(T t) {obj = t;}public vo
primitive types in generics. The 2nd difference between them is that you can pass any type with a parameter to the original type List, but you cannot pass list144, write a generic program to implement the LRU cache?This is the equivalent of an exercise for people who like Java programming. To give you a hint, linkedhashmap can be used to
? What can be said, is not giving it too much power!! Of course we have our own solution: set the upper limit of the type wildcardUsing listWe need a generic representation that can represent the parent class of all shape generic lists, and in order to meet this requirement, the Java generics provide a restricted generic wildcard character. The following representation of the restricted generic wildcard ch
sections, the type parameter is given a specific value, and in addition to this, the type parameter can be given an indeterminate value. For exampleListlistlistNote: In the Java Collection framework, for a container class with an unknown type for the parameter value, only the element can be read and cannot be added as an element.Because the type is unknown, the compiler does not recognize that the type of the element being added and the type of the c
sections, the type parameter is given a specific value, and in addition to this, the type parameter can be given an indeterminate value. For exampleListlistlistNote: In the Java Collection framework, for a container class with an unknown type for the parameter value, only the element can be read and cannot be added as an element.Because the type is unknown, the compiler does not recognize that the type of the element being added and the type of the c
of the Java language type system, somewhat like a C + + template, where type parameters can be thought of as a placeholder for the type specified when using a parameterized type. The introduction of generics is a major feature enhancement for the Java language, bringing a number of benefits:1, type safety. Type errors are now captured during compilation, rather
also able to function properly, but if we use the following method to invoke:1 New Box(); 2 b2.setobj (ten); 3 // Compilation failedThis is not compiled. Because, regardless of the relationship between Integer and number, box :(If you want them to have an inheritance relationship, see my next blog post, "Analysis of the use of wildcards in generics")What about having an inheritance (or implementing interface
, a typical key is a string, but it can be any object.Collection of APIsThe above comes from head first Java, and the next content from the Java core technology (feeling the book is a little abstract)Generic programming is divided into 3 levels of competency:1) use only generic classes2) can use Java generic system to solve the code cohesion, generic class mixing
Java generics ( generics ) is a new feature introduced in JDK 5 that allows for the use of type parameters (types parameter) when defining classes and interfaces. The declared type parameter is replaced with a specific type when used. The most important application of generics is in the new collection class framework i
Reproduced from: Flower smileSince Java 5 introduced generics, the pros and cons of Java and C + + for the different implementations of generics have been a conversation after dinner. In many of my previous training, when it comes to Java
{ Public Static voidMain (string[] args) {NewBlock () { Public voidBody ()throwsexception{//non-existent Ixenos file will produce ioexception,checked exception! Scanner in =NewScanner (NewFile ("Ixenos")); while(In.hasnext ()) System.out.println (In.next ()); }}.tothread (). Start (); }}
After the thread is started, the Throwas method captures all checked exceptions to the thread's Run method, and "processes" the unchecked Exception (in fact, only cheats the compiler) after t
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