tcp ip illustrated volume 2

TCP/IP Study Notes (2) I. ARP: Address Resolution ProtocolFirst look: C:/Documents and Settings/xiaoj>arp -a Interface: 192.1.8.84 on Interface 0x1000003 Internet Address Physical Address Type 192.1.8.12 00-0b-cd-03-c4-27 dynamic 192.1.8.15 00-0d-9d-93-09-f5 dynamic 192.1.8.18 00-e0-18-c1-86-3d dynamic 192.1.8.26 00-80-2d-78-4f-81 dynamic

: Error = (* FP-> f_ops-> fo_close) (FP, P ); The FP-> f_ops-> fo_close function of the plug-in is the soo_close function. The soo_close function is the encapsulation of the soclose function. The soclose function cancels all unfinished connections on the plug-in (that is, connections not fully accepted by the process ), Wait for the data to be transmitted to the external system and release the unwanted data structure. The approximate processing process of the soclose function is as follows: 1. D

, so the rtrequest function is called and the number of references is Rtm_add, the flag is rtf_up and rtf_cloning. Each IFADDR structure has a pointer to a function (Ifa_rtrequest member). This function is invoked on its own initiative when creating or deleting a route table node, and for all Ethernet devices, In_ifinit points the pointer to the Arp_rtrequest function. Therefore, when the call route function creates or deletes a route table node for ARP , Arp_rtrequest is always called, and whe

. If no matching node is found, a new ARP node is created. 2. arptfree uses the rtm_delete command as a parameter to call rtrequest and delete the route table node of the corresponding ARP node. In addition, ARP commands manipulate ARP high-speed cache by sending and receiving Route packets on the route plug-in. ARP publishes route information with the rtm_resolve, rtm_delete, and rt_get commands. The first two parameters are used to call rtrequest, a

network.2. Update the ARP cache.V. RARP: The Reverse Address Resolution Protocol, which is not detailed here.RARP is generally used for diskless workstation. IP addresses are queried Based on the hardware address.The format of the RARP group is the same as that of the ARP group.6. ICMP protocol: Internet Control Packet protocol:ICMP is often considered an integral part of the

Protocol) is a substitute from slip. They all provide a low-speed access solution. Each data link layer protocol has a MTU (maximum transmission unit) Definition. Under this definition, fragmentation is required if the IP datagram is too large ), make each piece smaller than MTU. Note that the MTU of PPP is not a physical definition, but a logical definition (in my opinion, it is controlled by a program ). You can use netstat to print MTU results, su

First, the standardization of TCP/IP TCP/IP Specification--RFCIi. basic knowledge of the InternetThe Internet Protocol is TCP/IP.Internet structure:Third, TCP/IP protocol layered model

There are three purposes of the data link layer: Send and receive IP datagrams for IP modules. Sends an ARP request and receives an ARP reply for the ARP module. Send Rarp request and receive RARP response for Rarp IP everyone has heard about it. As for ARP and RARP,ARP called Address Resolution Protocol, is the

this list, the mask list of the top node of the tree is displayed in When you look for a network mask, the backtracking algorithm uses it. The radix_mask structure list is used together with the internal nodes to determine the mask used for the Child tree starting from the node. Note: keys with the same value cannot be shared with each other. 9. rn_match Function In Internet protocol, it is called the rnh_matchaddr function. It will be called by the rtallocl function (and the rtallocl f

into the media access control layer and the logical link control layer.16, IEEE802.11 in the physical layer using electromagnetic or infrared.17, WiMAX is the use of microwaves in the enterprise or the home to achieve wireless communication of a way. ZigBee is mainly used for remote control of home appliances, which is a short-distance, low-power wireless communication technology.18. The main functions of PPP include two protocols: (1) does not rely on the upper-layer LCP protocol: mai

used for communication between devices such as bridges and gateways, these devices use a single IP address to support multiple independent termination units. The request and response are prefixed with six bytes, as follows: byte 0: Transaction Identifier-replicated by the server-usually 0 byte 1: transaction Identifier-replicated by the server-usually 0 byte 2: Protocol identifier = 0 byte 3: Protocol iden

New Understanding of TCP/IP protocol (2) listen and accept in TCP/IP if listen and accept occupy the same port, the connection listening process and creation process use the same state machine. The connection establishment process is mainly reflected in the accept system cal

datagram contains an end character, it is escaped, not in detail.Slip encapsulation is simple, but flawed:(1) Each end must know the other side's IP address, there is no way to tell the IP address of the other end(2) There is no Type field and a serial line is used for slip after which it cannot use other protocols.(3) No CRC error Test cslip: for compressed sl