#: Research Notes on LED intelligent lighting system based on Z-wave protocol

LED light dimming basics:
There are two ways to ☆:led light dimming control signals:

1. Control the duty ratio of the LED lamp switching power supply through PWM signal to achieve dimming; 2. Two-wire or three-line type (e.g. LED phase dimming) 3 by dimming control signal and AC power supply line . Dimming control signal and AC power supply line separation dimming (0-10V,ADLI,DMX512,KNX, etc.).

☆:led Smart Home Communication protocol:

1. WiFi (at the beginning of the project with this bar, more familiar, and fast (faster than the following three, is not safe enough)) 2. ZigBee (Power consumption 1/10, mesh network) 3. ZigBee Light Link (supporting a lot of smart home things) 4. Z-wave (indoor coverage range 30M, outdoor 100M)

Zwave Basics: ☆: Control node (Controller)

The

control node is a z-wave network device with all the routing tables on the network, so he can communicate with all the nodes in the Z-wave network. The new Z-wave network creation depends on the addition of the control device. The control node is divided into primary controller and secondary controller, each Z-wave network can only have one host controller, only the host controller has to add and remove other devices, the secondary controller can only send instructions, and cannot add or remove devices to the network.

☆: Slave node (slavers)

The

slave node acts as a router in the mesh network, and the normal slave node can be a dimmer. Routing nodes can proactively send routing information to other nodes in the network, and the routing node stores a certain amount of static routing information that is used to send non-audited information to a certain number of nodes. An enhanced node is a node that can store information in an EEPROM.

☆: Network logo (Home id,node ID)

The

Home ID is used in the Z-wave network to differentiate between different networks, and in a Z-wave network, the Node ID is unique and cannot be duplicated.

☆: Physical layer (MAC layer)

1. Data transmission using the Manhester code sequence and transmitted at a rate of 40k (in a 8-bit data block structure) These data block distributions are: Pre-order (preamble), start frame (start of frames), Data, end frames (end of frame), physical layer independent Yu Pin, frequency and modulation mode, in order to increase the reliability of data transmission, the physical layer adopts the multiple access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism to ensure that the transmission channel is not occupied. 2. Z-wave's physical layer has a mechanism to avoid collisions, which avoids sending messages at different times. If a node is transmitting data, other nodes that need to send the data will be automatically delayed, and when there is data transfer in the network, the conflict protection of all nodes will be activated and the data transmitted will be delayed.

☆: Transport Layer (Transfer layers) 1. Structure of the Z-wave packet                                

    a Z-wave packet contains the following information: The network's home ID, Send the Node ID, frame header, frame length, node ID, data and data check block of the data nodes. The data packets for the transport layer mainly include the following:    ①: Unicast packets: Unicast packets are always sent to a special node, and accepts that the node needs to respond to make sure that the packet is accepted. If the unicast packet or the feedback data is missing or lost, the packet will be re-sent. To avoid potential conflicts, the resend occurs after a certain delay, which should be less than the time to send the maximum length of the packet and receive the feedback information. When the system does not require the transmission of reliable data, unicast packets can be used without feedback.    ②: Response packet: The response packet for the Z-wave network is a special unicast packet that does not contain data. When a node receives a unicast packet sent from another node, a response packet is sent to the sending node as a response.    ③: Multicast packets: Multicast packets can be sent to multiple nodes at the same time, and the receiving node does not need to respond. (unreliable transmission)     ④: Broadcast packet: Packets sent to all nodes in the Z-wave network, And there is no need to respond.     ⑤: Probing a packet: Probing a packet is a special broadcast packet (used to update the network topology and discover the location of a particular node in the network)

☆: Routing layer (Routing layers)

1. The routing layer of the Z-wave network has two data structures: One is routing unicast packets and the other is feedback packets.

the difference between the two is whether there is more than one loopback confirmation character (acknowledgement character) (Routed ack and one ack) (another paper is optimized)

2. The Routing Table routing table is used by the control node of the Z-wave network to hold the routing Information and network topology ( plainly the figure ). For example (all have been studied)

☆: Application tier (Application layer)1. Data structure of the application layer:

LED Control Basics: ☆:led Brightness Adjustment1. Voltage regulation (linear dimming) 2. Pulse duty ratio (PWM dimming mode) 2. Silicon brightness dimming (new dimming mode), the way to adjust the pulse duty ratio is similar to that of the infrared experiment, to read the agreement to know how the pulse should be adjusted. 2. The built-in RGB tri-color LED is controlled by three PWM signals respectively, the colors of the LEDs can be changed, and the transparency can be changed (gray level can be changed), and the CIE chroma principle. 3. ZM4104 chip can be directly selected for network control, but it seems that with STM332 can also, need to try. ☆: interface Circuitsimilar to the 8086/80386 hard disk access, the first to create an interrupt (8086/80386 is to use the Out command to access the bus), resulting in the interruption and then transmitted to the signal transmission, such as signal transmission, circulation.      refernce: "Research on LED intelligent lighting system based on Z-wave protocol"-Maching"Intelligent Home system design based on Z_wave technology"-Han  

#: Research Notes on LED intelligent lighting system based on Z-wave protocol